Cell Transport Notes - December 2023 PDF

 Wednesday, December 4 1. Take cell test. 2. Define terms for section 8.3. Get a stamp 3. Turn in notebook for participation grade.  Thursday, December 5 1. Notes: Page 21 2. Cell Transport flash cards 3. 8.3 Assignment  Cell Membrane Homeostasis is maintained through regul...

 Wednesday, December 4 1. Take cell test. 2. Define terms for section 8.3. Get a stamp 3. Turn in notebook for participation grade.  Thursday, December 5 1. Notes: Page 21 2. Cell Transport flash cards 3. 8.3 Assignment  Cell Membrane Homeostasis is maintained through regulation at the organ system level all the way down to the cellular level. Much of homeostasis on the cellular level is maintained by the cell membrane controlling the movement of things in and out of the cell.  Cell Membrane The cell membrane is selectively permeable = picky about what goes in and out. – CAN pass easily: things that are small, nonpolar, hydrophobic and/or neutral, as well as water – CANNOT pass easily: polar and/or large molecules The transport of materials into and out of the cell is classified as either passive or active.  Cell Transport Passive Transport requires no extra energy by the cell because molecules move from high concentration (squished together) to low concentration (spread out) areas down the concentration gradient. – Ex. Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis Active Transport requires extra energy (ATP) to be spent to bring materials into the cell or expel materials out of the cell moving from low to high concentration against the concentration gradient. – Ex. Molecular pumps, exocytosis, and endocytosis  Words to Know Solute – what gets dissolved (Ex. Lemonade powder) Solvent – does the dissolving (Ex. Water) Solution – uniform mixture of two or more substances (Ex. Lemonade) Concentration – amount of solute dissolved in solvent – Symbol for abbreviation = [ ]  Answer the following in your notebook and get a stamp. 1. True or false: Things that are small can easily move through the cell membrane. 2. True or false: Polar molecules can pass easily through the cell membrane. 3. Does passive transport require energy? 4. True or false: Active transport requires extra energy. 5. What term means a uniform mixture of two or more substances?  Friday, December 6 1. Edpuzzle on cell transport 2. Work on 8.3 reading guide (no more class time for this)  Monday, December 9 1. Notes: Diffusion and Osmosis 2. Lab: Effect of temperature on rate of diffusion 3. Review  Passive Transport: Simple Diffusion The spreading out of molecules across a membrane until equilibrium is reached – Equilibrium = equally concentrated on both sides of the membrane Molecules move down a concentration gradient, from high [ ] to an area of low [ ] – Ex. O2 and CO2, and other small, nonpolar molecules Over time…  Passive Transport: Facilitated Diffusion A transport protein helps to facilitate the diffusion of molecules that normally couldn‘t pass through the cell membrane – Transport proteins can act as a channel or a carrier Molecules move down a concentration gradient, from high [ ] to an area of low [ ] – Ex. Large molecules like glucose (sugar = C6H12O6) and polar molecules like calcium (Ca+2) Over time…  Passive Transport: Osmosis The simple diffusion of water across the cell membrane. Water molecules move down a concentration gradient, from high [water] to an area of low [water] until equilibrium is reached. – High water concentration means low solute concentration. – Low water concentration means high solute concentration. Over time…  Passive Transport: Osmosis Hypertonic solutions: water [ ] is lower than the cell’s cytoplasm. – Net movement of water out of cell  Cell shrivels Hypotonic solutions: water [ ] is higher than the cell’s cytoplasm. – Net movement of water into a cell  Cell swells Isotonic solutions: identical water [ ] to cell’s cytoplasm  Cell stays the same  Answer these questions in your notebook and get a stamp. 1. What term means equally concentrated on both sides of the membrane? 2. What helps to facilitate the diffusion of molecules that couldn’t pass through on their own. 3. What are two examples of molecules that use facilitated diffusion to cross the cell membrane? 4. True or false: Transport proteins act only as carriers. 5. What term refers to the simple diffusion of water across the cell membrane? 6. Low water concentration means ______ solute concentration.  Tuesday, December 10 1. Set up potato lab 2. 20 minutes to finish yesterday’s assignments 3. Osmosis Review and interpreting diagrams 4. Osmosis Practice (get a stamp) 5. Write lab report  Wednesday, December 11 1. Study flash cards 2. Brain dump on Canvas 3. Osmosis problems (get a stamp when finished)  Thursday, December 12 1. Osmosis review. 2. Finish osmosis problems. 3. Finish notes on cell transport 4. Graphic organizer  Passive Transport: Osmosis Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic H 2O H 2O H 2O H 2O H 2O H 2O Cell stays the Cell shrivels Cell swells same  Active Transport: Molecular Pumps When a cell uses energy to pump molecules across the membrane, against the [ ] gradient, through a protein channel. This allows a cell to concentrate key molecules within the cell, or remove waste quickly from the cell. – Ex. Potassium (K+), chlorine (Cl-) and sodium (Na+) = ions (charged particles) ENERGY Over time…  Active Transport Using Vesicles Endocytosis uses vesicles to move large particles into the cell. – Ex. When white blood cells engulf bacteria in order to fight infection. Exocytosis uses vesicles to export materials out of the cell. – Ex. When nerve cells secrete neurotransmitters to send signals throughout the body. Endocytosis Exocytosis Answer these in your notebook and get a stamp 1. In hypotonic solutions, does water enter or leave the cell? Choose one. 2. In a hypertonic solution, what happens to the cell? (Get larger, get smaller, doesn’t change in size) 3. What is it called when a cell uses energy to pump molecules across the membrane? 4. ______________uses vesicles to move large particles into the cell. 5. What is it called when a cell uses vesicles to export materials out of the cell?  Friday, December 13 1. Graphic organizer. Get a stamp and tape it into your notebook. 2. Set up egg osmosis lab 3. Video clip on animals: 3 notes in notebook 4. Define words on page 800  Monday, December 16 1. Egg lab part 2 2. Finish vocabulary and get a stamp. 3. Graphing practice 4. Review for final  Summary Type of Passive/Active Ex. of substances Ex. of how it helps Transport transported this way maintain homeostasis Facilitated Regulates blood sugar Diffusion Active Neurotransmitters Endocytosis Captures bacteria Controls blood pressure Passive by regulating blood volume Passive O2 and CO2 Muscle contractions and K+, Na+, Ca2+, Cl- nerve signal conduction