Computing Skills Workbook PDF

Bachelor Programme (Generic Module) SEMESTER–I COMPUTING SKILLS – I PARTICIPANT’S WORKBOOK p Tata Institute of Social Sciences – School of Vocational Education ----------------------------------------------...

Bachelor Programme (Generic Module) SEMESTER–I COMPUTING SKILLS – I PARTICIPANT’S WORKBOOK p Tata Institute of Social Sciences – School of Vocational Education ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- __________________________________________________________________________ 2 | Computing Skills – I | PW  ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- INDEX Session Type of Topic Sub topics Page session No. Session 1 Theory Introduction to  Need of computers 7 computers  Evolution of computers  Various types of computers  How does a computer function Session 2 Theory Introduction to  Various parts of the computer 14 computers  Peripherals  Commonly used computer terms Session 3 Practical Introduction to  All physical parts of computer 25 computers  How to start computer  Distinction between hardware and software Session 4 Theory Operating system  Introduction to Operating System 26  Windows Operating System Session 5 Theory Operating system Features of Windows 10 40  File explorer  Notifications  Quick actions  Cloud  Universal Apps  Security and control Session 6 Theory Operating system  Backup and restore 57  Shortcuts  Favorite settings  Printing overview  Shut down, sleep and hibernate Session 7 Practical Operating system Desktop, toolbar, windows, and management 81 of files. Session 8 Theory Microsoft word  Introduction to MS word 82  How to create, save and close a file?  Understanding the listings under file tab Session 9 Practical Microsoft word  Starting MS word 96  Explain the various features of the word screen in terms of tabs/ ribbons / bars  Opening a new file  Saving an existing file – various types  Opening an existing file Session 10 Theory Microsoft word Entering text in MS word 97 __________________________________________________________________________ 3 | Computing Skills – I | PW  ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 11 Practical Microsoft word  File tab in MS word 102  Entering text in the document area  Moving in the document through various means Session 12 Theory Microsoft word Understanding how to edit word documents 103 Session 13 Practical Microsoft word  Inserting text without replacing existing 114 content  Inserting text by replacing existing content  Selecting text  Moving text  Deleting text Session 14 Theory Microsoft word  Cut / copy / paste option 115  Using spell check and grammar  Find and replace option  Formatting text  Document security Session 15 Practical Microsoft word  Cut and paste option through various 134 methods  Copy and paste option through different methods  Checking spelling  Checking grammar Session 16 Practical Microsoft word  Find and replace option 135  Formatting text in a document (features covered in session 17)  Document security Session 17 Theory Microsoft word Understanding how to format text in word 136 documents Session 18 Practical Microsoft word  Change the text color 149  Change the text effect  Change the text alignment  Change the facing and bordering Session 19 Practical Microsoft word  Bullets and numbering 150  Line spacing  Borders and shading  Set tab __________________________________________________________________________ 4 | Computing Skills – I | PW  ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 20 Theory Microsoft word Understanding how to format pages in MS 151 word Session 21 Practical Microsoft word  Format painter 167  Margin  Inserting page number  Header and footer basics Session 22 Practical Microsoft word  Creating table 168  Add WordArt  Printing document Session 23 Practical Microsoft word Creating a complete word document with 169 all basic features, saving it and email it via email account. Session 24 Theory Basic MS Excel  How to start Microsoft excel? 170  Overview of MS Excel  Entering values  Moving around the worksheet using various methods  Creating workbook  Rows and column Session 25 Practical Basic MS Excel  How to start MS Excel 198  Explain the various tabs, toolbar and the ribbon  Familiarity with various tabs Session 26 Practical Basic MS Excel  Explain the rows and columns 199  Explain how to enter values in the spreadsheet  Moving on the workbook using various methods  Creating a workbook  Saving a workbook Session 27 Practical Basic MS Excel  Copying a workbook 200  Hiding and un hiding sheets  Inserting formulas  Sum  Product __________________________________________________________________________ 5 | Computing Skills – I | PW  ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Microsoft Power  Starting powerpoint 201 Session 28 Theory  Areas in a standard powerpoint file point  Create a presentation  Add new slides 209 Session 29 Theory  Entering text in boxes  Adding a text box  Starting powerpoint 221  Areas in a standard powerpoint file Session 30  Create a presentation & 31 Practical  Adding new slides  Entering text  Adding a text box  Deleting an existing slide 222  Rearranging slides Session 32 Theory o Normal view o Slide sorter view  Working with outlines Session 33  Sidebars 233 Theory  Presentation views  Sidebars 241 Session 34  Presentation views Practical  Setting backgrounds  Slide orientation Session 35  Saving presentations 242 Theory  Review presentations Session 36  Running a slideshow 247 Theory  Using the slide master Session 37  Save a design template 252 Theory  Adding pictures  Running a slide show of slides created in 259 Session 38 Practical the earlier session  Using slide master Session 39  Add and preview animations 260 Theory  Add and preview transitions  Adding / editing / formatting pictures / 269 Session 40 Practical images in power point  Saving reviewing presentations Session 41  Adding animations and transitions 270 Practical  Editing the above Create a full presentation using the features 271 Session Practical studied in this section on any chapter related 42& 43 to their curriculum __________________________________________________________________________ 6 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS Session objective  Need of computers  Evolution of computers  Various types of computers  How does a computer function? Computer is a machine which reduces human efforts and gives fast and accurate outputs. Thus, learning about computers should be seen as opportunity/necessity and not as a burden. In its most basic form a computer is any device which aids humans in performing various kinds of computations or calculations. In that respect the earliest computer was the abacus, used to perform basic arithmetic operations Every computer supports some form of input, processing, and output. This is less obvious on a primitive device such as the abacus where input, Output and processing are simply the act of moving pebbles into new positions, seeing the changed positions, and counting. Regardless, this is what computing is all about, in a nutshell. We input information; the computer processes it according to its basic logic or the program currently running, and outputs the results. Modern computers do this electronically, which enables them to perform a vastly greater number of calculations or computations in less time. Despite the fact that we currently use computers to process images, sound, text and other non-numerical forms of data, all of it depends on nothing more than basic numerical calculations. Graphics, sound etc. are merely abstractions of the numbers being crunched within the machine; in digital computers these are the ones and zeros, representing electrical on and off states and endless combinations of those. In other words every image, every sound, and every word have a corresponding binary code. While abacus may have technically been the first computer most people today associate the word “computer” with electronic computers which were invented in the last century, and have evolved into modern computers we know of today. 1) Evolution of computers ENIAC __________________________________________________________________________ 7 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- First Generation Computers (1940s – 1950s) First electronic computers used vacuum tubes, and they were huge and complex. The first general purpose electronic computer was the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). It was digital, although it didn’t operate with binary code, and was reprogrammable to solve a complete range of computing problems. It was programmed using plug boards and switches, supporting input from an IBM card reader, and output to an IBM card punch. It took up 167 square meters, weighed 27 tons, and consuming 150 kilowatts of power. It used thousands of vacuum tubes, crystal diodes, relays, resistors, and capacitors. The first non-general purpose computer was ABC (Atanasoff–Berry Computer), and other similar computers of this era included German Z3, ten British Colossus computers, LEO, Harvard Mark I, and UNIVAC IBM 1401 Second Generation Computers (1955 – 1960) The second generation of computers came about thanks to the invention of the transistor, which then started replacing vacuum tubes in computer design. Transistor computers consumed far less power, produced far less heat, and were much smaller compared to the first generation, albeit still big by today’s standards. The first transistor computer was created at the University of Manchester in 1953. The most popular of transistor computers was IBM 1401. IBM also created the first disk drive in 1956, the IBM 350 RAMAC Third Generation Computers (1960s) IBM System/360 __________________________________________________________________________ 8 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- The invention of the integrated circuits (ICs), also known as microchips, paved the way for computers as we know them today. Making circuits out of single pieces of silicon, which is a semiconductor, allowed them to be much smaller and more practical to produce. This also started the ongoing process of integrating an ever larger number of transistors onto a single microchip. During the sixties microchips started making their way into computers, but the process was gradual, and second generation of computers still held on. First appeared minicomputers, first of which were still based on non-microchip transistors, and later versions of which were hybrids, being based on both transistors and microchips, such as IBM’s System/360. They were much smaller, and cheaper than first and second generation of computers, also known as mainframes. Minicomputers can be seen as a bridge between mainframes and microcomputers, which came later as the proliferation of microchips in computers grew. Fourth Generation Computers (1971 – present) The period of fourth generation was from 1971-1980. Computers of fourth generation used Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. VLSI circuits having about 5000 transistors and other circuit elements with their associated circuits on a single chip made it possible to have microcomputers of fourth generation. Fourth generation computers became more powerful, compact, reliable, and affordable. As a result, it gave rise to Personal Computer (PC) revolution. In this generation, time sharing, real time networks, distributed operating system were used. All the high-level languages like C, C++, DBASE etc., were used in this generation. The main features of fourth generation are −  VLSI technology used  Very cheap  Portable and reliable  Use of PCs  Very small size  Pipeline processing  No AC required  Concept of internet was introduced __________________________________________________________________________ 9 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE --------------------------------------------------  Great developments in the fields of networks  Computers became easily available Some computers of this generation were −  DEC 10  STAR 1000  PDP 11  CRAY-1(Super Computer)  CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer) 2) Classification of Computers 1 According to the purpose, computers can be divided into the following categories: a. Digital Computers b. Analog Computers c. Hybrid Computers a. Digital Computers The system works with digits. In other words, a digital computer is a counting device. All the expressions are coded into binary digits (0 and 1) inside the computers and it manipulates them at a very fast speed. The digital computer circuits are designed and fabricated by the manufactures and are quite complicated ones. A digital computer manipulates data according to the instructions (program) given to it in one of the computer languages. The instructions and data are fed to the computer in the form of discrete electrical signals. Most computers are digital. b. Analog Computers Unlike a digital computer, it works by measuring voltages and currents rather than by the process of counting. An analog computer works on supply of continuous electrical signals and displays output continuously. The accuracy of these machines is quite low although they are faster in speed as compared to digital computers. c. Hybrid Hybrid Computer is one, which combines best features of analog and digital computers. These machines are generally used for scientific applications and in industrial control processes. 2. According to size computers can be divided into following categories: a. Supercomputer b. Mainframe computer c. Minicomputers d. Personal computers a. Supercomputer A supercomputer is the most powerful computer available at a given time, also known as power computer. These machines are built to process huge amounts of information and to do so very quickly. For example, scientists build models of complex processes and simulate the processes on a supercomputer. __________________________________________________________________________ 10 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Supercomputer used by NASA b. Mainframe computers The largest type of computer in common use is the mainframe. They are designed to handle tremendous amounts of input, output, and storage. For example, consider the airlines reservation system. One can get his/her air ticket booked at one of the various reservation counters, each of which has many employees working at computer terminals. A terminal is a special kind of computer that does not have its own CPU or storage; it is just an I/O device that acts as a window into another computer located somewhere else. The terminals are connected to a database residing in and controlled by a mainframe computer that can handle the input and output needs of all the terminals connected to it. A typical mainframe computer is characterized by vast amounts of memory with many hard disks in several gigabytes range, one or more tape drives, several line printers, a separate computer room, a false floor (for under-floor cabling) and tight security. c. Minicomputers The best way to describe a minicomputer is that its capabilities lie somewhere between those of mainframes and those of personal computers. Like mainframes, minicomputers can handle a great deal of input and output than personal computers can. Minicomputers are relatively inexpensive and ideal for academic institutions and small business houses. d. Personal Computers The terms personal computers and microcomputers are interchangeable and generally refer to the small computers that are commonly found in offices, classrooms and homes. Personal computers or PCs come in all shapes and sizes, although most models reside on desktops, others stand on the floor, and some are even portable. A desktop model is the most common style of PC and it is small enough to fit on a desk but a little too big to carry around with you. Among the portable computers, a notebook computer approximates the shape of an 8½ -by 11-inch notebook and can easily fit inside a briefcase. Laptops are the slightly larger predecessors of notebook computers. Notebooks and laptops are fully functional microcomputers and are used by those people who need the power of a full computer wherever they go. Personal digital assistants (PDAs) are the smallest of portable computers. No larger than a cheque book, PDAs are also called palmtops. They are much less powerful than notebook or desktop models and __________________________________________________________________________ 11 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- are generally used for displaying important telephone numbers and addresses or keeping track of dates and agendas. Many can be connected to larger computers to exchange data. Note: With the fast changing technology, present day PCs are having the capabilities of mainframes or minicomputers. Thus, the line of distinction between different types of computers is getting blurred day by day and has rendering the above classification meaningless. 3) How does a computer function? 1. It accepts data or instruction by way of input, 2. It stores data, 3. It can process data as required by the user, 4. It gives results in the form of output, and 5. It controls all operations inside a computer. (www.smashhitsolutions.com , n.d) Exercise 1. Write a short note on need of computers ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Write a short note on fourth generation of computers _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 12 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- 3. What are the difference between personal computers and super computers? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. How does a computer function? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 13 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 2 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS Session objective  Various parts of the computer  Peripherals  Commonly used computer terms 1) Various parts of the computer Every computer system has two parts - (i) Hardware (ii) Software All physical parts of the computer (or everything that we can touch) are known as Hardware. Software gives intelligence to the computer. For example in a television the wires, switches etc. are the hardware while the programs, watched on TV, is the software. Although the hardware of a computer is capable of performing various tasks, it cannot accomplish any of them without the vital instructions that software provides. In this section, we’ll look at the physical components of the machine, the hardware & then turn to the software that brings life to the physical components. (i) Hardware Hardware refers to the physical units of a computer, which includes electronic and electrical circuitry, components and devices. Regardless of its shape, size or capabilities, every computer that people use directly has same general design. Computer Hardware = Processing Unit + Secondary Storage Devices + Peripheral Devices The various units of computer hardware consist of the following components: 1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) I. Processor II. Primary Storage 2. Secondary Storage Devices (External Storage) I. Floppy Disks II. Hard Disks III. Tape IV. Optical Disks 3. Peripheral Devices I. Input Device II. Output Devices III. Other Peripherals 1. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) The complex procedure that transforms raw input data into useful information for output is called processing. To perform this transformation, the computer uses central processing unit. The processor is the “brain” of the computer, the part that interprets and carries out instructions. __________________________________________________________________________ 14 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Every CPU has three basic parts (The relationship between different hardware components is shown in Figure 1): a. Control Unit (CU) b. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) c. Registers a. Control Unit The control unit manages all the computer resources and coordinates all the computer’s activities. It contains the basic instructions (called firmware) for execution of programs. The instruction set, built into the circuitry of the control unit, is a list of all the operations that the CPU can perform. In fact, the control unit can be thought of as a traffic cop, directing the flow of data around the CPU and around the computer b. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) When the control unit encounters an instruction that involves mathematical calculation or decision/logic, it passes the control to the second component, i.e., the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The ALU includes a group of registers - memory locations built directly into the CPU - that are used to hold data that are being processed by the current instruction. For example, the control unit might add two numbers (an arithmetic operation), or compare two numbers (a logical operation). In addition, CPU has a number of registers for storing data and instructions that are currently being processed. c. Registers The register is the smallest high-speed storage area in the CPU. All data must be represented in a register before it can be processed. 2. Primary Memory Primary memory consists of mainly two types of memories: a. Random Access Memory b. Read Only Memory __________________________________________________________________________ 15 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- a. Random Access Memory (RAM) The CPU, however, does not have sufficient storage space for the entire program as well as for the data being manipulated by those programs. Therefore, the control unit stores the data and instructions received from input devices into primary memory called random access memory (RAM). Unlike human memory, which can store information indefinitely, RAM holds information only while the computer is ON. When the computer is turned off or reset, the information disappears unless it has been saved on a storage device. Hence RAM is often referred to as volatile or temporary memory. There are mainly three types of RAM available: 1. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) 2. Static RAM (SRAM) 3. Synchronous Dynamic RAM (SDRAM) Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM): A type of physical memory used in most personal computers. The term dynamic indicates that the memory must be constantly refreshed (reenergized) or it loses its contents. This type of memory is more economical. Static Random Access Memory (SRAM): A type of memory that is faster and less volatile than DRAM, but requires more power and is more expensive. The term static is derived from the fact that it does not need to be refreshed like DRAM. Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM): A type of DRAM that can run at much higher clock speeds. b. Read Only Memory (ROM) Some of the data and instructions remain permanently stored into memory, which cannot be changed. This memory is called read-only memory (ROM). A computer needs ROM, mainly, so that it knows what to do when the power is first turned on. Among other things, ROM contains a set of start-up instructions that check to see whether the rest of memory is functioning properly, look for hardware devices, and look for an operating system. Since this memory never gets lost, it is sometimes referred to as permanent or non-volatile memory 1. Programmable ROM (PROM) 2. Erasable PROM (EPROM) 3. Electrically EPROM (EEPROM) Cache Memory The performance of a computer depends upon the data transfer rate between CPU registers and memory. The computer is costlier if data transfer rate is faster. Therefore, to increase the transfer rate, economically, a cache memory (pronounced as CASH) is introduced in the computer that acts as a buffer between primary memory and CPU registers. In the present day computers, cache can be either a section of main memory or an independent high-speed storage device. 3. Secondary Storage (External Storage Devices) Floppy diskettes, hard disks, USB pen drives, tapes and optical disks come under the category of external storage devices or ancillary storage devices. These devices are very sensitive to environmental conditions (humidity and temperature) as well as to external magnetic fields and need to be stored carefully. __________________________________________________________________________ 16 | Computing Skills – I | PW  ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Types of external storage devices are as follows:  Hard Disk  Tape  Optical Disk  Hard Disk It is a non-removable enclosed magnetic disk included in most PCs. It contains a stack of metal platters, each coated with iron oxide, that spin on a spindle and the entire unit is encased in a sealed chamber. A hard disk holds much more information than a floppy disk and is used to store relatively large amounts of data. The physical size and storage capabilities of a hard disk vary. For PCs, the storage capacities vary from 1 GB to about 80-120 GB. On mainframe computers (explained later) the size of hard disk may vary from 8 or 16 GB to several gigabytes (GBs).  Magnetic Tape This is plastic tape, usually made of Mylar that is coated with iron oxide, thereby enabling the introduction (writing); retention (memory) and reading of magnetically recorded information. The best use of tape storage is for data that you do not use very often. A tape is a long strip of magnetic material; therefore the tape drive has to write data to it sequentially - one byte after another. Tapes are sequential access media, which means to get to a particular point on the tape; the tape must go through all the preceding points. In contrast, disks are random access media because a disk drive can access any point at random without passing through intervening points. Therefore, tapes cannot be practically used for data that you need often. They are mainly used for taking backup of hard disk. The tape capacity varies from few hundred kilobytes to several gigabytes. 4. Optical Disks The need for ever greater storage capacities has driven hardware manufacturers to use optical storage technology as the main alternative to magnetic storage. Optical storage techniques make use of the pinpoint precision possible with laser beams. Types of popular Optical disks are as follows: 1. CDROM 2. WORM 3. CD-R 4. DVD 2) Peripherals Peripheral devices are devices connected to the computer externally. If a peripheral device is disconnected, the computer will still be able to work; only functions performed by this peripheral device will not be available. __________________________________________________________________________ 17 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Mainly there are following types of peripheral devices: 1. Input Devices 2. Output Devices 3. Other Peripherals 1. Input Devices Input devices accept data and instructions from the user. Following are the examples of various input devices, which are connected to the computer to provide input. There are many input devices. Some important input devices are as follows: a. Keyboard b. Mouse c. Joystick d. Light Pen e. Optical/magnetic Scanner f. Touch Screen g. Microphone for voice as input h. Track Ball a. Key Board Keyboard A keyboard (as shown in Figure) is the most common input device now. Several kinds of keyboards are available, but they resemble each other with minor variations. The keyboard in most common use is the QWERTY board (from keys Q, W, E, R, T, Y in the top left corner of the keyboard). IBM and IBM compatible PCs or microcomputers use 104 keyboards; so called, since it has 104 keys. In these keyboards, the cursor control keys are duplicated to allow easier use of the numeric pad. __________________________________________________________________________ 18 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- b. Mouse A mouse is an electro-mechanical, hand-held device (as shown in figure). It is used as a pointer. It can perform functions like select menu commands, Move icons, resize windows, start programs, and choose options The most common mouse uses an internal, magnetically coated ball, to detect the movement of the mouse across a flat surface, usually a desktop. All windows based applications today are designed to work with a mouse. A mouse is used to replace hard-to-remember key combinations with easier “Point and Click” actions. However, it cannot substitute all keyboard operations. It can be alternative for commands based operations. Types of mouse: 1. Mechanical: It has a rubber or metal ball on its underside that can roll in all directions. Mechanical sensors within the mouse detect the direction in which the ball is rolling and move the screen pointer accordingly. 2. Opto mechanical: It is same as mechanical mouse, but uses optical sensors to detect the motion of the ball. 3. Optical or Laser: It uses a laser to detect the mouse’s movement. Optical mouse has no mechanical moving parts. They respond more quickly and precisely than mechanical and opto mechanical mouse but they are also more expensive. Another very famous variation is “Wireless Mouse” This is a mouse without any wire. c. Joystick A joystick is a pointing device (as shown in figure). It is basically a lever that moves in all directions and controls the movement of a pointer. A joystick is similar to a mouse, except that with a mouse the cursor stops moving as soon as you stop moving the mouse. With a joystick, the pointer continues moving in the direction the joystick is pointing. To stop the pointer, you must return the joystick to its upright position. Most joysticks include two buttons called triggers. Joysticks are used mostly for computer games, but they are also used occasionally for CAD/CAM systems and other applications. It provides more realistic control than a mouse or a keyboard for many games (e.g., flight simulators). The joystick is attached to the computer through a cable connected to the “Games port”. Most computers come with one game port. Joysticks are not used for business applications such as word- processing, data analysis (using Spreadsheet) or data management d. Light Pen An input device that utilizes a light-sensitive detector to select objects on a display screen. A light pen is similar to a mouse (as shown in figure), except that with a light pen you can move the pointer and select objects on the display screen by directly pointing to the objects with the pen. __________________________________________________________________________ 19 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- e. Optical Scanner These devices are used for automatic data collection. The devices of this category completely eliminate manual input of data. For example, the bar code reader is actually just a special type of image scanner. An image scanner translates printed images into an electronic format that can be stored in a computer’s memory, and with the right kind of software, one can alter a stored image. Another example of scanner is optical character recognition (OCR) device, used by banks to convert the scanned image of a typed or printed page into text that can be edited on the computer. f. Touch Screen Touch panel displays and pads are now being offered as alternatives to keyboard input. Here the input can be given through the computer screen, that accepts the input through monitor; users touch electronic buttons displayed on the screen or they may use light pen g. Microphone Microphone is an input device, which takes voice as input. The voice communication is, more error prone than keyboarded information. h. Track ball Trackball, a pointing device, is a mouse lying on its back (as shown in figure). To move the pointer, you rotate the ball with your thumb, your fingers, or the palm of your hand. There are usually one to three buttons next to the ball, which you use just like mouse buttons. The advantage of trackballs over mouse is that the trackball is stationary so it does not require much space to use it. In addition, you can place a trackball on any type of surface, including your lap. For both these reasons, trackballs are popular pointing devices for portable computers 2. Out Put Device Output devices return processed data that is information, back to the user. Some of the commonly used output devices are a. Monitor (Visual Display Unit) b. Printers c. Speakers a. Monitor (Visual Display Unit) Out of all the output devices, monitor (as shown in figure) is perhaps the most important, because it is the output device that people interact with most intensively. Computer information is displayed, visually with a video adapter card and monitor. Information processed within the CPU, that needs to be visually displayed, is sent to video adapter. The video adapter converts information from the format used, in the same manner as a television displays information sent to it by a cable service b. Printer After a document is created on the computer, it can be sent to a printer for a hard copy (printout). Some printers offer special features such as coloured and large page formats. Some of the most commonly used printers are: __________________________________________________________________________ 20 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- 1. Laser Printer 2. Dot Matrix Printer 3. Ink Jet Printer 4. Line Printer c. Speakers Speakers (as shown in figure) are output device, which allow you to listen to voice like music, even conversation with people. (www.training.nic.in , n.d) 3) Commonly used computer terms 1. Abort: To stop a program or function before it has finished. 2. Algorithm: A set of instructions that provides a solution to a given problem. 3. Animation: A simulation of movement created by displaying a series of pictures, or frames. For example, cartoons on television. 4. Antivirus Program: A utility that searches a hard disk for viruses and removes any, that is found. 5. Bandwidth: The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. It is usually expressed in bits per second (bps) or bytes per second 6. Bit: The smallest unit of information in computer system. Bit is short for binary digit; either a “1” or a “0”. 7. Boot: The process of getting the computer started 8. Byte: A byte is made up of 8 bits. The amount of memory it takes to store a single character. 9. Cache: A separate area of Primary Memory (RAM) where the computer stores a copy of frequently used information for quick access. This is meant for operation of the hard disk. 10. CD-ROM: Compact Disk-Read Only Memory. This is a permanent storage device used to store large quantities of information that need not be changed 11. Character: A number, letter, symbol, or punctuation mark. 12. Compatible: The ability of one device or program to work with another device or program. For example, a printer and a computer are said to be compatible if they can be connected to each other 13. Icon: A graphical screen element that executes one or more commands when selected with a mouse or other pointing device 14. Mother Board: The main circuit board of a computer, which carries electrical signals to and from various parts of the computer 15. Numeric Keypad: A part of key board that looks like an adding machine, with 10digits and mathematical operators; usually located on the right side of key board. __________________________________________________________________________ 21 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Exercise 1. Explain the difference between hardware and software ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. Write a short note on CPU and its parts ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3. What are output devices? Give 2 examples of output devices ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 22 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- 4. Explain the following terms i) Bit ii) Icon iii) Motherboard iv) Numeric keypad v) CD-ROM ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Match the following 1. 1 byte a. Output device 2. Speaker b. Input device 3. Mouse c. non-removable enclosed magnetic disk 4. Hard disk d. Stop a program or function 5. Abort e. 8 bits Self-assessment Fill in the blanks control unit 1. The keyboard and sound settings can be changed using the ____________________. hardware 2. The physical units of a computer are called _____________. hybrid 3. __________ Computer combines the features of both analog and digital computer. power 4. Super computer is also known as ______________ computer Match the following 1 Mainframe computer c A Counting device 2 Analog computer e B Used by scientists 3 Digital computer a C Largest computer 4 Super computer b D Micro computer 5 PC d E Low accuracy 1 Single Microchip c A Hardware 2 CPU a B Output device 3 Printer b C Micro processor 4 Mouse e D System Software 5 Operating system (OS) d E Input device __________________________________________________________________________ 23 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Choose the correct alternative 1. Laptop is a type of a. Notebook b. Personal Computer c. Desktop d. Minicomputer 2. Which of the following is not a secondary storage device? a. Floppy disk b. Tape c. Optical disk d. CPU 3. CDROM stands for a. Compact drive – read only memory b. Compact disk – read only memory c. Compact disk – random only memory d. Compact drive – random only memory 4. Which of the following is not an input device? a. Keyboard b. Mouse c. Monitor d. Microphone __________________________________________________________________________ 24 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 3 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS Confirmation of practical’s Task done in the lab Tick whichever applicable Yes No 1. All physical parts of computer 2. How to start computer 3. Distinction between hardware and software Signature of teacher: Signature of student: __________________________________________________________________________ 25 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 4 INTRODUCTION TO WIDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM Session objective  Introduction to Operating System  Windows Operating System 1) Introduction to Operating System a. Difference between Software & Program Generate responses & explain the following  Program is a set of instruction - Example: C++, HTML  Software is a set of interlinked programs - Example: Ms. Office Software can be broadly classified in to  System software  Application software 1. System software provides basic function to the computer. For example: windows 7 is system software. It is an operating system 2. Application software is employed by users, such as teachers, students and professionals to accomplish specific tasks. For example: Paint is an application software b. Introduction to operating System Methodology An operating system is like a manager. Its job is to make sure that all of the programs on the computer are doing their job. So, Linux and Windows are just like different managers. They do the same thing, but have different styles of management. The applications are then the workers that the managers are charged with keeping in line. You, the computer user, are then the owner of the company who directs the manager in how to coordinate the workers. Sometimes, you need to fire a bad manager if things aren’t working out. However, some of the workers might not work well with the new manager if you do... Operating system (OS) is system software.  It manages and controls the working of a computer  Checks that all the computer’s internal devices, such as RAM, ROM and peripheral devices, such as printer and monitor are functioning properly  It loads only after these checks are successful  Example of operating systems are Unix, MAC and windows Functions of operating system:  Receives inputs, Translates and processes  The processed results are converted into a form that the user can understand  Acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware  Handles data transfer  Manages storage space  Ensures that the system resources are utilized by authorized users only __________________________________________________________________________ 26 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- 2) Operating System User interface User interface is provided by operating system. It is the means of communication between a computer and a person or other device user interface is of two types a. Text based: These are less intuitive, depends on text commands made up of words and symbols which the user has to memorize. b. Graphic based: Uses visual components rather than text, provides menu and toolbar that contains commands to perform specific tasks. Example: Windows 7 Windows 10 is friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) which uses Windows, Icons, a Mouse and Pointer (often referred to as WIMP). Windows is the most popular operating system. There are other operating systems such as Linux, Ubuntu, Mac OS X, Unix. Functions of operating system:  Receives inputs, Translates and processes  The processed results are converted into a form that the user can understand  Acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware  Handles data transfer  Manages storage space  Ensures that the system resources are utilized by authorized users only __________________________________________________________________________ 27 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Introduction to Microsoft Windows 10 Desktop The Windows Desktop is simply your operating system main screen. Here you have access to an array of tools like the Start Menu, Taskbar, and other icons. Windows 10 also introduces a search box in the Taskbar, which facilitates browsing both your computer and the Web. START SEARCH AREA TASKBAR NOTIFICATION AREA BUTTON One of the most important parts of your Desktop is the Taskbar. By default, it sits at the bottom of your screen giving you access to the Start Menu, several application icons, and the Notification Area. In Windows 10, if an application is active or opened, you will see a green line below its icon. Clicking the icon will bring the application window up. Every open window features three buttons in the 1 2 upper-right corner. These are used to minimize, maximize, or close the window: __________________________________________________________________________ 28 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE --------------------------------------------------  Minimizing means that the window will hide in the Taskbar.  Maximizing will bring the window to a full-screen size. Windows can be moved around or resized as you please:  To move a window, just click on its Title Bar on the upper side of the window and drag it.  To resize a window, move your mouse to any corner until you see a double-sided arrow. Then click and drag until you reach the desired size. Icons Most Windows versions will feature different icons on the background. An icon is simply a graphic representation of an application or a file. To open or access an icon, just double click on it. __________________________________________________________________________ 29 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Although the amount and type of icons will vary, depending on the computer, you can add more icons by following these steps: Step 1: Right-click on the Desktop Background Step 2: Choose “New” and “Shortcut”. Step 3: Browse for the application or file you want to create a shortcut to. Step 4: Assign a name to the shortcut and click “Finish”. Icons can also be moved around by clicking on them and dragging them to another place in the screen. Desktop Background Desktop is the Background i.e. an image that appears at the back of your screen. Most computers come with a pre-selected background, but you can change it to any image you want. To change the background, follow these steps: Step 1: Right-click on the background and choose “Personalize” Step 2: From the Personalization window, choose from a series of pre-selected pictures or browse for your own. After choosing a picture, the Background will change automatically. __________________________________________________________________________ 30 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Start Menu If you are looking for a specific application, you can also open the Start Menu and click “All Applications”. This will open an alphabetical list of all the applications installed on your computer. __________________________________________________________________________ 31 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- The Start Menu is the main point of access to your applications. There are two main ways to open it: Step 1: Use your mouse to click Windows icon in the lower-left corner of the taskbar. Step 2: Press the Windows key on your keyboard. The Windows 10 Start Menu features two panes. __________________________________________________________________________ 32 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- The left pane resembles the traditional Start Menu from Windows 7 and earlier, while the right pane features live tiles that were used in Windows 8. Left Pane Among the things you can do in the left pane are: 1. Click the username at the top of the menu to change account settings or log in with another user. 2. Access the applications you use more frequently. 3. A small arrow next to an application will open a sub-menu with a list of recent documents opened with that application. 4. Open the “File Explorer” to navigate your folders and files. 5. Change the settings of your computer like your Internet connection or changing your background. 6. See different options to shut down your computer. 7. See a list of all the applications installed in your computer. __________________________________________________________________________ 33 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Search Box The “Search box” on the Taskbar will allow you to search within your documents and files or on the Web for anything you write. The initial results will appear within the Start Menu itself. The results will be grouped according to the closest match (or matches) labeled “Best match” at the top of the list __________________________________________________________________________ 34 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- The remaining results will be grouped according to what they are or their location:  Web results  Documents or folders  Apps  System settings The icons on the left side of the menu do the following: The Gear icon will allow you to configure the settings of your Search. This icon will let you send Feedback to Microsoft on what you like or dislike about Windows. The Cortana icon will activate Windows’ new personal assistant. Clicking “My stuff” or “Web” at the bottom will expand the Start Menu and limit your results to the location you choose, as well as streamlining the search. __________________________________________________________________________ 35 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Right Pane The right pane features a varied array of tiles, similar to the ones that were seen on the Start Screen of Windows 8. These tiles can be moved and dragged to different places by holding the mouse button. You can also configure them by right-clicking on them to see options to resize them or “unpin” them (remove them) from the Menu. The whole Start Menu can also be resized by dragging the borders with the mouse to the desired size. __________________________________________________________________________ 36 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Taskbar The Windows 10 taskbar sits at the bottom of the screen giving the user access to the Start Menu, as well as the icons of frequently used applications. On the right-side, the Taskbar features the Notification Area which informs the user of different things like the state of the Internet connection or the charge of the laptop battery. START Pinned NOTIFICATION Applications AREA The icons in the middle of the Taskbar are “pinned” applications, which is a way to have a quick access to applications you use frequently. “Pinned” applications will stay in the Taskbar until you “unpin” them. Pin an Application to the Taskbar Step 1: Search for the application you want to pin in the Start Menu. Step 2: Right-click on the application. Step 3: Select “More” option at the top of the menu. Step 4: Select the “Pin to taskbar” option. __________________________________________________________________________ 37 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- This will attach or “pin” the application icon to your Windows Taskbar. Unpin an Application from the Taskbar To “unpin” it, just right-click the icon in the Taskbar and select “Unpin from taskbar”. You can “pin” it back again any time you want. Notification Area The Notification Area is located at the right side of the Taskbar. It shows different types of notifications from your computer like your Internet connection, or the volume level. At first, the Notification Area shows a limited amount of icons. But you can click the upward arrow on its left-side to see other icons as well. __________________________________________________________________________ 38 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Exercise 1. What is the difference between a system software and an application software ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Write a short note on task bar. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ _____________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 39 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 5 INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM Session objective  To familiarize with the following features of Windows 10 o File explorer o Notifications o Quick actions o Cloud o Universal Apps o Security and control File Explorer If you are looking for a specific document, another alternative is to use the File Explorer by clicking on the Folder icon on the Taskbar. In the File Explorer window, you can browse all your folders and documents. __________________________________________________________________________ 40 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- File Explorer is the file management application used by Windows operating systems to browse folders and files. It provides a graphical interface for the user To navigate and access the files stored in the computer. The main way to access the File Explorer is by clicking the folder icon in the Taskbar. After clicking the icon, the File Explorer window will open. 1 3 2 4 The initial File Explorer window is comprised of the following sections: The File Explorer ribbon, which resembles the ribbon featured in Microsoft Office. The ribbon contains buttons for common tasks to perform with your files and folders. The Navigation Pane gives you access to your libraries of documents and pictures, as well as your storage devices. It also features frequently used folders and network devices. The Frequent folders section on the right features the folders you’ve worked with recently to allow for quick access to them. The Recent files section in the lower part of the window features files and documents that you’ve opened recently. __________________________________________________________________________ 41 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- The File Explorer Ribbon In Windows 10, the File Explorer features a new ribbon toolbar, similar to the one featured in the recent versions of Microsoft Office. This ribbon contains buttons and commands for the most common tasks. The Ribbon features four tabs, each with different commands. Among the tasks you can perform from the Home tab are:  Copying and pasting files and folders from one place to another.  Moving files and folders to another location.  Copying files and folders to another location.  Deleting a file or folder permanently or sending it to the Recycle Bin.  Renaming a file or folder.  Creating a new folder or other new items.  Verifying or modifying the Properties of a document or folder.  Opening a file or folder.  Different options to select one or various files and folders. The Share ribbon gives you different options to share your files and folders. For example:  E-mailing or messaging a file.  Compressing (“Zip”) a folder to take less space.  Printing or faxing documents.  Sharing with other users or networks. The View ribbon allows you to change the way Windows displays your files and folders. Some of the changes you can make here are: __________________________________________________________________________ 42 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE --------------------------------------------------  Adding additional panes to show a preview or details of your files.  Changing the layout of the files and folders from icons to list, and others.  Sorting and arranging the contents of your folder.  Hiding selected folders or files. The File tab opens a menu with different options like: Opening an additional File Explorer window. Opening command windows for advanced users. Changing or configuring options about how File Explorer behaves. NOTIFICATIONS Windows 10 features a new way to present notifications. You can see them in the Notification Area in the lower-right corner of your screen. __________________________________________________________________________ 43 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Clicking the Notification icon will bring up a sidebar called the ACTION CENTER. The upper part of the sidebar features Tips and App notifications, while the lower part of the sidebar presents a series of Quick Action buttons. power __________________________________________________________________________ 44 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Customizing Notifications You can customize what notifications Windows 10 presents you in the sidebar by following these steps: Step 1: Go to the SETTINGS window and choose System. Step 2: In the SYSTEM window, select Notifications & actions. The screen will then show you different settings where you can customize what notifications Windows 10 will show. __________________________________________________________________________ 45 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Quick Actions Quick Actions are a set of tiles that give you access to frequently used settings and tasks (like Wi-Fi connection, or screen brightness). Most of the actions can be configured simply by clicking or tapping on the tile. Additional settings and options can be accessed if you right-click the tile. Selecting the All settings tile will take you directly to the SETTINGS window. Customizing Quick Actions With these Notifications, you can customize the Quick Actions tiles by going to the SETTINGS window. __________________________________________________________________________ 46 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- After opening Settings, you can choose SYSTEM and then select Notifications & actions. CLOUD Windows 10 allows you to sign in using an Outlook account. By doing this, Windows synchronizes your documents, contacts, and other things to the cloud. To sign in with Outlook, follow these steps: Step 1: Go to SETTINGS and choose Accounts. __________________________________________________________________________ 47 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 2: In the ACCOUNTS window, choose “Sign in with a Microsoft account instead”. Step 3: After that, Windows will ask for your username and password. If you don’t have a Microsoft or Outlook account, it will also provide a link to create one. Using a Microsoft account will allow you to sync your documents and personal files to any compatible device, where you use that account. __________________________________________________________________________ 48 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Using One Drive By signing in with a Microsoft or Outlook account, you have access to One Drive from your Windows 10. One Drive is a free storage space in the Cloud given to every user of a Microsoft account. To access your One Drive from Windows, simply click on the File Explorer icon in the Taskbar. When the File Explorer window opens, you will see the link to One Drive on the left side of the screen. You can move documents from your local folders into OneDrive by dragging them with your mouse or your finger. OneDrive uses different icons to show you the status of your files and folders: A green checkmark means that the document or folder is in sync with the online version. A blue double-arrow means that the document or folder is currently syncing. A red X means that there was some issue or problem syncing the document or folder. __________________________________________________________________________ 49 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- UNIVERSAL APPS With Windows 10, Microsoft has launched an initiative for applications to be “universal” across their different platforms. This means that an application designed for your computer can also work in a Windows Phone, an Xbox, or any other Windows-compatible devices. To achieve this, Windows developed the Universal Windows Platform (UWP) and improved the Windows Store to serve as the unified storefront for all Windows apps. To access the Windows Store, users can click the icon on the Taskbar. This will open the Windows Store allowing the user to browse for any app he wants. Windows also allows “cross-buys”, which means that buying the license for an application on one device, also applies to any other compatible device the user has. __________________________________________________________________________ 50 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- SECURITY Windows 10 features a series of tools to help you protect your computer from threats like viruses and other malware. The three main security tools are: User Account Control Windows Defender Windows Firewall User Account Control The Windows User Account Control is a tool that warns you when someone or something attempts to change your computer system settings. When this happens, the screen will alert you until an Administrator can confirm the change. This helps protect your computer against accidental changes or malicious software altering your settings. Initially, this User Account Control is set at a moderate to high level, which means it will notify you only when an application tries to make changes to your computer. However, you can change this setting to your desired level by following these steps: Step 1: Open the Control Panel by searching for it in the Search bar. __________________________________________________________________________ 51 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 2: After the Control Panel is open, choose User Accounts. After choosing User Accounts, click on “Change User Account Control settings”. __________________________________________________________________________ 52 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- In the User Account Control Settings, you can move the slider to the desired position. Windows 10 will give you a summary of how your system will behave under that level. Windows Defender Windows Defender is an antivirus and malware protection included in your operating system. It allows you to scan your computer for malicious software, while also checking each file or program you open. To configure Windows Defender, follow these steps: Step 1: Go to SETTINGS and select Update & security. __________________________________________________________________________ 53 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 2: In the UPDATE & SECURITY window, select Windows Defender. Here you can customize settings like turning off real-time protection or activating cloud- based protection, which allows Defender to send Microsoft information about security threats it finds. Windows Firewall Windows Firewall prevents unauthorized access from outside to get into your computer. By default, it is turned on to protect your computer and your network. If you want to customize your Firewall, follow these steps: Step 1: Open the Control Panel by searching for it in the Search bar. __________________________________________________________________________ 54 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 2: When the Control Panel is open, choose Windows Firewall. Step 3: In the Windows Firewall window, you can customize the settings of it by turning it on or off or choosing when to protect your computer. __________________________________________________________________________ 55 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Exercise 1. Explain file explorer ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. How are notifications presented in Windows 10? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. Write about the security features in Windows 10 ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 56 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Session 6 INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM Session plan Cover the following for Windows 10 BACKUP AND RECOVERY Windows 10 features several tools to help you perform backups of your documents. Here are some of these tools. File History File History will perform a back-up of the files located in your libraries (Documents, Pictures, Music, etc.) It allows you to choose a drive, where you can back-up your files and then asks you when to do it. To configure the File History backup, follow these steps: Step 1: Go to SETTINGS and select Update & security. __________________________________________________________________________ 57 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 2: In the UPDATE & SECURITY window, select Backup Step 3: Click “Add a drive” to choose where to store your backup. __________________________________________________________________________ 58 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Backup & Restore (Windows 7) This tool helps to restore data from old Windows 7 backups. However, it also lets to back-up your regular documents on Windows 10. To open the Back-up & Restore, follow these steps: Step 1: Open the Control Panel by searching for it in the Search bar. Step 2: After the Control Panel is open, choose Backup and Restore (Windows 7) __________________________________________________________________________ 59 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 3: In the Backup and Restore window, you can choose to “Set up backup”. Step 4: In the Set up backup window, choose where you want to store your backup. __________________________________________________________________________ 60 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- When choosing any of the listed storage devices, Windows 10 will give you information about that specific device. After choosing the desired destination, click Next. Step 5: In the next window, you can choose what files you want to backup. Windows default is to store everything in your libraries (Documents, Pictures, etc.) and in your Desktop, but you can also choose specific files and folders to backup. After making your selection, click Next. Step 6: In the last window, you can review the settings of your backup and establish the schedule in which you want to perform it. __________________________________________________________________________ 61 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 7: In the end, click Save settings and run backup. The backup will perform at the scheduled time. Creating a System Image In case your computer failing, Windows 10 offers you some alternatives to restore it to a specific state. One of these alternatives is creating what is called a system image. A system image is a copy of all your system and program files needed for your computer to run properly. You can use this option to store an image of your computer at a specific moment, and use it to restore your computer to that state later. The option to create a system image is in the same Backup and Restore window we discussed before. Step 1: Open the Backup and Restore window from the Control Panel. __________________________________________________________________________ 62 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 2: On the Backup and Restore window, choose the “Create a system image” option on the left. Step 3: On the Create a system image window, you can choose where to store the backup from among three places: your hard disk, on DVD’s, or in the network. __________________________________________________________________________ 63 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- After choosing where to store the backup, click Next. Step 4: In the next window, just confirm your image settings and click Start backup. Resetting the PC Another alternative Windows 10 offers you for system recovery is simply called “Reset this PC”. This option will allow you to return your computer to its default factory settings. It will also give you the option of keeping your files or removing everything. To reset your PC, follow these steps: Step 1: Go to SETTINGS and select Update & security. __________________________________________________________________________ 64 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Step 2: On the UPDATE & SECURITY window, select Recovery. Step 3: On the Recovery window, you can click the “Get started” button under Reset this PC. Step 4: The next window, will ask you whether you want to reset your settings and applications, but still keep your personal files, or just remove everything and return your computer to its default state. __________________________________________________________________________ 65 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS Most of the new Windows shortcuts use the Windows key ( ) combined with other keys to perform several actions. The following are some of the most common or useful shortcuts used in Windows 10. SHORTCUT ACTION Windows key Open the Start menu Windows key +S Open the Windows Search Windows key +C Open Cortana Windows key + Tab Open Task View Windows key +D Show or Hide the Desktop Windows key +L Lock your account Windows key +A Open the Action Center sidebar Windows key +I Open the Settings window Windows key +E Open the File Explorer window Windows key + Takes a screenshot of your whole display and stores it in Print Screen Pictures > Screenshots __________________________________________________________________________ 66 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- Window Snapping Other useful shortcuts introduced in Windows 10 are the ones used for Windows snapping. Snapping windows was introduced in Windows 7 and allows you to automatically arrange your windows making it easier to work with multiple applications at the same time. Although you can do this with your mouse by dragging the windows to each side of the screen, Windows 10 introduced shortcuts to perform this task. __________________________________________________________________________ 67 | Computing Skills – I | PW ------------------------------------------------------- TISS – SVE -------------------------------------------------- SHORTCUT ACTION Windows key + Left arrow Snap the active window on the left side of the screen Windows key + Right arrow Snap the active window on the right side