Catholic Schools in Ifugao Computer 9 Second Quarter Learning Package 2022-2023 PDF

**CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN IFUGAO** **COMPUTER 9 LEARNING PACKAGE** **SECOND QUARTER -- A.Y. 2022-2023** **LESSON 1: The Computer Storage Devices** **Storage Devices** There are many available removable storage devices that are commonly used due to their movability. One can simply bring this data or...

**CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN IFUGAO** **COMPUTER 9 LEARNING PACKAGE** **SECOND QUARTER -- A.Y. 2022-2023** **LESSON 1: The Computer Storage Devices** **Storage Devices** There are many available removable storage devices that are commonly used due to their movability. One can simply bring this data or information in the portable memory and work in another place, as long as there is an available computer with a software that is capable of reading data. **Hierarchy of Storage** 1. **RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)** Types of RAM: a. Types of DRAM: - - - - - - - - - b. - - - - - 2. - a. b. c. - I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. I. II. 3. 4. 1. 2. - - - - - - 3. 4. - - - a. b. c. d. e. f. Storage Characteristics 1. 2. 3. **[LESSON 2: How Computer System Works]** The computer needs Input, Process, and Output to work. Users encode input data to the computer to get processed information or output. The input, process, and output have corresponding devices that do the work. Users are usually familiar with the input and output associated with the computer. The process part which is done by the microprocessor or CPU is the unseen part of the computer system. The computer needs the following parts to function properly: 1. a. b. c. Parts of the CPU: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. **HOW CPU WORKS** The CPU executes a step-by-step instruction in its memory called the program. The microprocessor is an integrated circuit (IC) made of millions of transistors and capacitors. All actual computing starts with the CPU. There are four basic steps that the CPU does to process its operation and this is called the machine cycle. Step 1 **Fetch** is the process of getting instructions or data from program memory (cache or RAM). -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Step 2 **Decode** is the process of translating these instructions or data that the CPU can understand and execute upon. Step 3 **Execute** is the process of carrying out the command. The commands are executed or performed either in arithmetic logic unit (ALU) or floating point. Step 4 **Store or Writeback** is the process of writing the result to the memory. This memory is in the CPU itself and they are called **registers.** For the computer to get information, the CPU sends a request to the memory controller and gets a report back of when the information will be available. This cycle can vary in length according to memory speed as well as other factors, such as bus speed. 2. - - - 3. 4. 5. **[LESSON 3: EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL SYSTEM UNIT]** **SYSTEM CASE** The computer system case is the enclosure for all the interior components of a computer. The function of the system case is to hold all the components together and protect the sensitive electronic parts of the computer hardware. It has ports, drives and connection on the external part of the case to connect to other devices and peripherals. The computer case is also called the system case or computer chassis. Computer case may be made from steel, electrogalvanized, or aluminum and they are made in different sizes.  Components of a System Case 1. 2. 3. 4. COMPUTER CONNECTIONS AND POWER The computer system should be connected together for it to function properly. At the back of the system unit are the ports where the computer peripherals are connected using data cables. THE INTERNAL SYSTEM UNIT The computer is a collection of different devices connected to a central processing unit (CPU). The CPU houses and connects most of the components that make up a computer system. The microprocessor and the memory units are the two most important parts of the internal system. The microprocessor is the one that controls and processes data to information. It is usually placed in a support electronic board also known as the motherboard. The microprocessor is encased and shielded in order to be protected. It is also cooled because it tends to produce heat, therefore, in most cases a fan and a heat sink are attached to a microprocessor. Hard disk is one important memory component which is used to store most of the programs, data, and information in the computer. Inside the System Unit are the following:  **LESSON 4; MOTHERBOARD** The motherboard is the foundation of all components for the computer to run. It processes, stores, and connects to all parts of the computer system. It is also known as the main printed circuit board (PCB). It is where all the needed components are mounted, connected, and powered. Parts of the Motherboard: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.