CMA Midterm Study Guide PDF

Florence Nightingale - founder of modern nursing Hippocrates - the father of medicine SOAP -subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan Dorsal recumbent -position indicates that the knees are bent Supine - lying on back, used for examination and treatment of anterior portions of body, breasts, and a...

Florence Nightingale - founder of modern nursing Hippocrates - the father of medicine SOAP -subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan Dorsal recumbent -position indicates that the knees are bent Supine - lying on back, used for examination and treatment of anterior portions of body, breasts, and abdominal organs Lithotomy - knees are bent but has leg support and is mainly for vaginal or rectal exams Fowlers’s (45 and 90%) - is aka the sitting position, and is used for patients with respiratory or heart problems, examine head, neck and chest Knee chest - is where the chest and knees are placed flat on the table with knees separated, basically a person on all fours but they have their elbows and chest to the floor. Trendelenburg - is the supine position with the feet elevated slightly Rosacea - chronic skin eruption which makes the face, nose, and cheeks look flushed or look like their blushing Herpes zoster - acute infectious process, outbreak of painful rash or blisters on the skin, aka shingles Varicella - chicken pox, contagious viral infection, causes itchy, blister-like rash on the skin Myopia - nearsightedness, blurred distance Hyperopia - farsightedness, difficulty seeing close objects Erythrocyte - red blood cells Hemorrhage - abnormal discharge of blood. Internally/externally from venous, arterial, capillary vessels Eczema - skin disease. Dry, red, itchy and scaly skin Tendonitis - inflammation of the tendon AMT - AAMA - NHA - NCCT - AAPC - OSHA - CPC - Pulse sites - radial(wrist), apical(chest), brachial(upper arm), carotid(neck), femora(thigh)l, dorsal pedals(middle of the top foot), popliteal(back of the knee) Temperature methods - types: plastic disposable, digital, electronic probe, tympanic infrared, temporal artery routes: mouth (oral), underarm (axillary), rectum (rectal), ear (aural) (tympanic) Normal vital signs: Temperature = 97.6 -99.6, Pulse = 60 - 100, Respiratory = 12 - 20, BP = 120/80 or lower Scope of practice = diagnostic testing with physicians order, patient perspiration, patient history, screener, vital signs, CC// Also the supervision of a provider Medical office procedures - revie insurance card front and back, discuss in advance house payments will be made Practice of Ancient healers Egypt - cures by bloodletting and application of leeches Greece - hippocrates, founder of scientific medicine Types of learners Visual: seeing pictures or drawings auditory : by hearing Kinesthetic: sensation, physical, and verbally Responding to an emergency - determines the problem, gather information and facts, list decision, and prioritize Assessing injuries to muscle, bones and joints - treatment for a fracture: immobilization of affected part and prevention of shock, elevation, splinting, casting, surgical repair Importance of accurate medical record - eliminates incompatible therapies, duplication, unnecessary expenses, helps conduct research Name format on medical record- electronic health record, medical record, paper Retention and purging files - holding and cleaning our files Correcting medical records - put line through it, correct it, sign Cross cultures mode - keep in mind social values, customs, cultural context: and social manners of patients Medicare Parts Part A: hospital coverage Part B: medical expenses Part C: enables beneficiaries/supplemental Part D: Coverage for generic and name brands drugs, and prescription BP equipment, accuracy, rationale for rate of cuff deflation -​ stethoscope and sphygmomanometer -​ normal: 120/80-140/90 -​ systole: contraction -​ diastole: relaxation Injections sites and angles, and needle gauges and lengths ID: forearm, 10-15 degrees, 26/27 G, 3/8-5/8 in SQ: back arm, 45 degrees, 25-27 G, 1/2-5/8 in IM: shoulder, 90 degrees, 18-23 G, 1-3 in patient screening - process of obtaining info and determining best action to take medical specialist -​ MD: doctor of medicine -​ DO: doctor of osteopathic medicine -​ PhD: doctorate degree in particular medicine arterial: bright red blood in spurts venous: dark red blood in steady flow Cells Isotonis: normal Hypotonic: swollen Hypertonic: shrunken Nervous system divisions and meninges -​ Central: brain and spinal cord -​ Peripheral: every other organ -​ Meninges: pia mater(inner), arachnoid(mid), dura mater (outer), almost like the three layers of the skin, but the three layers of the head/skull area ​ Autonomic nervous system controls internal organs and self regulating functions Respiratory system ​ Nose - warms and filters the air ​ Pharynx(throat) passageway for food and air ​ larynx(voice box) - 9 separate cartilage tubes to maintain openness ​ trachea(windpipe) - held open by C-shapes rings ​ Bronchus and bronchiole - bronchus divides to become microscopic bronchioles and acts as tiny air passageways ​ Alveoli - tiny air sacs ​ Diaphragm - contracts, sucks in air//relaxes, air is forces out Musculoskeletal system Bones - supports body, protects organs, formes RBC, WBC, and platelets Muscles -performs duties by alternately contracting and relaxing Ligaments - flexible, fibrous tissue that supports organs Joints - found whenever 2 bones come together to permit movement Integumentary system Layers of the skin - Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous Pediculosis capitis - condition, found primarily among children, that is spread through shared combs, brushes, clothing, and hats Pediculosis corporis - skin condition caused by body lice that feed on human blood Pediculosis pubis - conditions commonly known as crabs, lice in the pubic area The lesions caused by chickenpox are vesicles ABCDE signs of melanoma - Asymmetry, border irregularity, Color, Diameter, and Evolving