CLO 6 - Lesson 6.1 - Quality Control (1)(1).pptx

Quality control procedure at cell pathology laboratory Slides designed by Noora Hashem Objective: • Define Quality Control (QC) • Define Quality Assurance (QA) • 3 phases of QC • To describe the process of QC • Guidelines to follow for quality control in cell pathology laboratory. Quality Contro...

Quality control procedure at cell pathology laboratory Slides designed by Noora Hashem Objective: • Define Quality Control (QC) • Define Quality Assurance (QA) • 3 phases of QC • To describe the process of QC • Guidelines to follow for quality control in cell pathology laboratory. Quality Control QC • Quality Control is defined as a system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in an individual test or process. Quality control activities span the testing process from the moment of specimen collection until the time the physician receives the report Quality Assurance QA • Quality Assurance (QA) is defined by the College of American Pathologists as systematic monitoring of quality control results and quality practice parameters to assure that all systems are functioning in a manner appropriate to excellence in health care delivery. • Quality assurance in pathology and laboratory medicine is the practice of assessing performance in all steps of the laboratory testing cycle including pre-analytic, analytic, and post-analytic phases to promote excellent outcomes in medical care 3 phases of quality control in cell pathology laboratory: PREANALYTICAL PHASE ANALYTICAL PHASE POSTANALYTICAL PHASE Pre-analytical phase: o Pre-analytic testing is the first step in the laboratory process, and it can include specimen handling issues that occur before the specimen is even received in the lab. o To avoid unintentionally allowing problems or errors to travel further "downstream,” o Pre-analytical testing must include stringent control measures. Pre-analytical phase: For the pre-analytical phase, the following requirements must be met: o Design of a laboratory o Personnel o Sampling o Form for submitting a request o Fixation o Transportation o Registration o Number of the laboratories o Reagents o ICT - Information Communication Technology Pre-analytical phase Laboratory design • There is sufficient room for accommodation. • Working benches with retained slides and block storage, as well as a complete set of tools and machinery. • The use of an air-conditioned room aids in the efficient and smooth flow of work. • Space for test Pre-analytical phase Personnel • Organize and manage diagnostic activities in a medical laboratory. • Courses for professional development. Equipment • To perform a diagnostic test, you'll need all the necessary equipment. • In a cell pathology laboratory, apparatus is critical for consistent results. Pre-analytical phase Sampling: • As a sample, cells are isolated from the body. • Insufficient and non-representative reports are due to sampling errors. Request form: • Well-designed to collect patient information. Pre-analytical phase Fixation • Use formol-saline at a concentration of 10% worldwide. • Buffered Neutral Formalin (Buffered Neutral Formalin) (Buffered Neutral Formalin • Fixed specimens should be transported in sealed, clearly labeled plastic containers of sufficient size. Registration: • The day register should be filled out with the patient's information from the request form. Reagents They're kept in the best possible conditions. • Taken in the proper amounts and kept in sterile containers. INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) Preanalytical requireme nts • Errors are reduced, and performance is improved. Analytic phase: • The analytic phases are the second phase. This phase includes what is commonly referred to as "actual" laboratory testing, as well as the diagnostic procedures, processes, and products that produce the results. Analytical phase Grossing: • The space should be well ventilated. • Samples should be taken with size and shape in mind. • Decalcification of stem tissue should be sent. Tissue processing: • Fully automated • Reagents of the highest quality • Timetable for processing CONTROLS: • Controls for reagents, positive controls, and negative controls. Analyti cal phase Screening of slides: Microscopically and macroscopically, it should be done properly. • It must be completed prior to sending the slide for reporting. Documentation: • All processes and procedures must be documented. Post analytical phase: • The laboratory process concludes with the post-analytic phase. This phase concludes with the generation of a final value, result, or diagnostic pathology report in the case of histology. Reporting Post analytical phase Reporting on multimedia imaging • Software that recognizes speech Interpretation Is the tissue cancerous? Is this typical? What is the nature and origin of the tumor if it is malignant? What grade does it fall into and how can it be graded? • Reports that are highly acceptable are recommended. Post analytical phase Typing of report: • The manual is in use. • With a solid foundation in medical and pathology jargon COMMUNICATION: • Meetings with surgeons and physicians to discuss clinic-pathology are highly recommended. Post analytical phase Auditing: • Comparing observations of actual conditions to requirements is a process. Dispatch of reports: • It's time to dispatch. • In the laboratory, a duplicate should be kept. • Reports should be sent electronically whenever possible. Post analytical phase TISSUE BANK Special cases and positive blocks should be stored in a well-ventilated, well-cooled apartment. Guidelines to follow for quality control in cell pathology laboratory • Establish quality bechmarks. • Examine the quality of the product or service. • Examine the differences between the control and experimental groups. • Check the statistical limits for variances. • Make the necessary adjustments. • Create a plan to improve quality. Reference: • Zaman, G. S. (2018, August 22). Chapter: Introductory chapter: History and scope of quality control in laboratories. IntechOpen. Retrieved April 15, 2022, from https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/61020 • Jegathesan M, Chin CS, Lim HH. Safety in pathology laboratories. Malays J Pathol. 1988;10:1–5.[PubMed] [Google Scholar] • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3927343/ • Wiwantikit V. Types and frequency of pre-analytical mistakes in the first Thai ISO 9002: 1994 certified clinical laboratory, a 6-month monitoring. BMC Clin Pathol. 2001;1:5. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [ Google Scholar]