Interpersonal Violence PDF

Interpersonal Violence NRSG3301 CRYSTAL TREIGE BSCN RN MN NP Concept(s) & Exemplar(s) Concept(s) Interpersonal violence Exemplar(s) Intimate partner violence Elder maltreatment Learning Objectives 1. Define and describe the concept. 2. Notice the risk factors for interpersonal violence. 3...

Interpersonal Violence NRSG3301 CRYSTAL TREIGE BSCN RN MN NP Concept(s) & Exemplar(s) Concept(s) Interpersonal violence Exemplar(s) Intimate partner violence Elder maltreatment Learning Objectives 1. Define and describe the concept. 2. Notice the risk factors for interpersonal violence. 3. Recognize when an individual has been a victim of interpersonal violence. 4. Provide appropriate nursing and collaborative interventions to minimize the impact of interpersonal violence. Definition Interpersonal violence is the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or a group or community that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation. Key Terms Neglect Physical abuse Psychological abuse Sexual abuse Scope of Concept Interpersonal violence (IPV) Interpersonal Violence (IPV) Interpersonal Violence (IPV) Child abuse and neglect Bullying Youth violence Sexual violence Psychological/emotional maltreatment Elder Maltreatment Elder abuse includes physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation, neglect, and abandonment. Offenders include youth, family members, and spouses—as well as staff at nursing homes, assisted living, and other facilities Additional risk factors include individuals who have low social support, suffered previous traumatic events (including IPV), have functional impairment and/or poor physical health, are living with a large number of household members other than the spouse, and have lower income or poverty. One of the most vulnerable populations are elders with disabilities, with an estimated 33% having ever experiencing IPV; however, prevalence estimates are influenced, and possibly underestimated by the fact that many people with dementia or other intellectual, psychological, or emotional disability, are unable, frightened, or embarrassed to report abuse. Ultimately, elders can become prisoners to their caregivers, and death is often the end result of the abusive cycle. Intimate Partner Violence Intimate partner violence is physical, sexual, emotional, or psychological abuse, threatened or actual, by a current or ex-spouse, current or ex-boyfriend or girlfriend, cohabiting partner, or date. Both women and men can be victims. It involves social isolation, emotional distress, and threats to personal safety The term sexual violence is an all-encompassing, non-legal term that refers to crimes like sexual assault, rape, and sexual abuse. Sexual assault can happen to anyone, regardless of age, gender identity, or sexual orientation Consequences of IPV Physical injury: Varies and is dependent on the physical nature of the trauma. Varying untoward physical manifestations can occur. Sexual trauma: Varies and is dependent on the age, relationships of the victim and perpetrator, severity, and environment (e.g., unintended pregnancy, bleeding, infections). Violence during pregnancy: Varies and may have detrimental effects on the mother and/or fetus. Consequences: IPV Mental health consequences: Vary and may include PTSD, depression, suicide attempts, and/or completed suicide. Consequences of child abuse or neglect and youth violence: Vary and depend on the type of neglect or abuse (e.g., developmental delays, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, eating disorders, substance abuse). ***Intentional or unintentional death from injury can occur in all populations. Risk Factors Populations at greatest risk ◦ All persons, regardless of age, gender, race, or ethnicity Individual risk factors ◦ Impaired physical and/or mental health ◦ Use or misuse of substances or alcohol abuse ◦ Migration, acculturation ◦ Unemployment ◦ Economic stress Recognizing Interpersonal Violence History ◦ May be incomplete or inconsistent with injuries observed. ◦ Victims may be afraid to provide events. ◦ Victims may not be able to recollect events. Recognizing Interpersonal Violence Examination ◦ Injuries range from obvious to severe. ◦ Injuries may manifest as old or new. ◦ Be alert to unusual patterns of cuts, bruises, burns, and fractures. ◦ Take note of injuries not typically seen in the context of day-to-day living. Common Co-Morbid Conditions and Injuries Traumatic brain injury in children