NAIT Machinist Program - Basic Measuring Tools PDF

MACHINIST PROGRAM - FIRST PERIOD MEASUREMENT TOOLS - BASIC MEASURING TOOLS 150101g STEEL RULES  STEEL RULES MEASURE LENGTHS MEASURE DIAMETERS MEASURE SLOTS OR GROOVES USED FOR INSPECTION USED TO ASSIST IN LAYOUT WORK BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  STEEL RULES COMMON TYPES...

MACHINIST PROGRAM - FIRST PERIOD MEASUREMENT TOOLS - BASIC MEASURING TOOLS 150101g STEEL RULES  STEEL RULES MEASURE LENGTHS MEASURE DIAMETERS MEASURE SLOTS OR GROOVES USED FOR INSPECTION USED TO ASSIST IN LAYOUT WORK BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  STEEL RULES COMMON TYPES Figure 3 - NARROW RULE Figure 1 - SPRING-TEMPERED RULE GRADUATIONS ALONG ONE EDGE ONLY NARROWER THAN STANDARD RULE NOT DESIGNED TO BE BENT USED IN TIGHT SPACES EDGES GROUND FLAT TO PROVIDE A STRAIGHT EDGE Figure 4 - HOOK RULE Figure 2 - FLEXIBLE RULE HOOK ON ONE END MADE OF THINNER STOCK EASY TO LINE UP WITH END OF WORKPIECE CAN BE FLEXED AROUND CURVES CAN SET AN INSIDE CALIPER, MEASURE WORKPIECES WITH CHAMFERED EDGES, CHECK DEPTH OF BORED HOLES BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  STEEL RULES SPECIALTY RULES NARROW HOOK RULE SHORT SCALE RULE TAPER RULE HOOK ON ONE END USED FOR SLOT AND HOLE MEASUREMENT USED TO MEASURE GAPS AND DIAMETERS USED FOR SMALL BORE LENGTH MEASUREMENT BASIC MEASURING TOOLS RULE MEASUREMENT - TYPICAL GRADUATIONS IMPERIAL - INCH  IMPERIAL RULES GRADUATED SCALES SMALL ENGRAVED MARKINGS ON BOTH SIDES OF THE RULE USER MUST SELECT THE APPROPRIATE GRADUATION TO SUIT THE JOB BEING MEASURED 4R GRADUATIONS: 64ths, 32nds, 16ths, 8ths BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  IMPERIAL RULES GRADUATED SCALES 1/16” 1/64” 1/8” 1/32” BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  IMPERIAL RULES GRADUATED SCALES INTERACTIVE RULE - INCH - SELF ASSESSMENT BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  IMPERIAL RULES RULE READING EXERCISE a e f g h i j k b m n c l o d p REDUCE FRACTIONS TO THEIR LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  IMPERIAL RULES RULE READING EXERCISE a e f g h i j k b m n c l o d p a_________ e_________ i_________ m________ b_________ f_________ j_________ n_________ c_________ g_________ k_________ o_________ d_________ h_________ l_________ p_________ REDUCE FRACTIONS TO THEIR LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  IMPERIAL RULES RULE READING EXERCISE a e f g h i j k b m n c l o d p a_________ 3/8 e_________ 7/16 i_________ 7/16 m________ 1-5/8 b_________ 11/16 f_________ 5/16 5/16 j_________ 1-3/8 n_________ 3/4 c_________ g_________ 13/16 1/8 k_________ o_________ 3-1/16 d_________ 1-1/4 h_________ 3/8 l_________ 3/4 p_________ 3-3/8 REDUCE FRACTIONS TO THEIR LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR BASIC MEASURING TOOLS RULE MEASUREMENT - TYPICAL GRADUATIONS DECIMAL SCALE  DECIMAL RULES COMMON DISCRIMINATIONS 0.100” (1/10”) 0.010” (1/100”) BASIC MEASURING TOOLS RULE MEASUREMENT - TYPICAL GRADUATIONS METRIC - mm  METRIC RULES COMMON DISCRIMINATIONS 0.5 mm 1 mm BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  METRIC RULES GRADUATED SCALES INTERACTIVE RULE - METRIC - SELF ASSESSMENT BASIC MEASURING TOOLS RULE MEASUREMENT - TAPE MEASURE IMPERIAL / METRIC  TAPE MEASURE 1 2 HOW TO READ THE GRADUATIONS 1/2 1/4 3/4 WHEN USING A TAPE MEASURE, REDUCE 1/8 3/8 5/8 7/8 THE FRACTION TO THE LOWEST TERM. 1/16 3/16 5/16 7/16 9/16 11/16 13/16 15/16 1/32 3/32 5/32 7/32 9/32 11/32 13/32 15/32 17/32 19/32 21/32 23/32 25/32 27/32 29/32 31/32 LINE LENGTHS ex) 2/4 1/32nds 1/16ths 1/8ths 1/4s 4/8 1/2 1/2s inches 8/16 16/32 1 mm ex) 12 mm 1 cm 40 mm 53 mm 2/8 4 cm 5.3 cm 1/4 4/16 1.2 cm.012 m.04 m.053 m 8/32 BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  TAPE MEASURE HOW TO READ VIDEO: HOW TO READ A TAPE MEASURE VIDEO: READING A TAPE MEASURE BASIC MEASURING TOOLS RULE MEASUREMENT - USING A RULE  RULES METHODS OF MEASUREMENT MEASURING A RECTANGULAR PIECE MEASURING ROUND STOCK MEASURING A DIAMETER MEASURING THE DIAMETER OF A HOLE MEASURING A SLOT USING A HOOK RULE VIDEO: USING A 6" STEEL RULE BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  RULES READING ERRORS 3-1/16” 3.0” 2-15/16” TAKING MEASUREMENTS AT AN ANGLE It is important to keep the rule square with the workpiece at all times. PARALLAX READING ERROR An error in measurement caused by the viewer’s eyes not being inline or perpendicular to the rule or measuring device being read. WORN OUT RULE ENDS VIDEO: PARALLAX ERROR The ends of the rule must be kept in good condition to ensure accurate measurements. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS INDIRECT MEASURING TOOLS - TRANSFER MEASUREMENT  INDIRECT MEASURING TOOLS DEFINITION INDIRECT MEASURING TOOLS DO NOT HAVE A PHYSICAL SCALE TO MEASURE A COMPONENT. TRANSFER MEASUREMENT (or COMPARISON MEASUREMENT) IS THE PROCESS OF PHYSICALLY CHECKING A DIAMETER OR LINEAR DISTANCE WITH AN INDIRECT MEASURING TOOL, AND THEN TRANSFERRING IT TO A MEASURING TOOL TO OBTAIN THE PROPER VALUE. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS CALIPERS  SPRING CALIPERS VIDEO: USING INSIDE AND OUTSIDE SPRING-JOING CALIPERS TYPES and PARTS SPRING THREADED ROD PIVOT LEGS ADJUSTING NUT TIP OUTSIDE INSIDE ODD-LEG DIVIDER BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  SOLID CALIPERS FIRM JOINT LOCK JOINT INSIDE OUTSIDE INSIDE OUTSIDE BASIC MEASURING TOOLS TELESCOPIC GAUGES and SMALL BORE GAUGES  TELESCOPIC GAUGES SMALL BORE GAUGES TELESCOPIC GAUGES AND SMALL BORE GAUGES ARE INDIRECT MEASURING TOOLS (NO MEASUREMENT SCALE). THEY MUST BE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A DIRECT MEASURING TOOL, SUCH AS A MICROMETER OR A CALIPER. THEY ARE USED TO ACCURATELY TRANSFER THE DIMENSIONS OF BORES, HOLES, SLOTS, GROOVES, AND RECESSES. EACH GAUGE HAS A SPECIFIC RANGE GAUGE SETS ARE USED TO COVER A WIDE RANGE OF SIZES. THERE IS SOME OVERLAP BETWEEN GAUGES TO COVER ALL SIZES. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  TELESCOPIC GAUGES SMALL BORE GAUGES PARTS PARTS TELESCOPIC RODS WEDGE INTERNAL SPRING SPLIT SPHERE TUBE HANDLE SPINDLE LOCKING SCREW HANDLE LOCKING SCREW BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  TELESCOPIC GAUGES STYLES AND SETS A TYPICAL SET OF TELESCOPIC GAUGES WILL CONSIST OF 5 OR 6 INDIVIDUAL GAUGES. THESE GAUGES WILL USUALLY COVER A RANGE FROM 5/16” TO 6”. TELESCOPIC GAUGES CAN EITHER HAVE ONE OR TWO TELESCOPING RODS. ONE TELESCOPIC ROD TWO TELESCOPIC RODS BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  SMALL BORE GAUGES STYLES AND SETS A TYPICAL SET OF SMALL BORE GAUGES WILL CONSIST OF 4 OR 5 INDIVIDUAL GAUGES. THESE GAUGES WILL USUALLY COVER A RANGE FROM 1/8” TO 1/2” – SMALLER THAN THE CAPACITY OF THE TELESCOPIC GAUGES. THERE ARE TWO MAIN STYLES OF SMALL-BORE FULL-BALL STYLE HALF-BALL STYLE TWIN-BALL STYLE GAUGES: FULL-BALL: ANY DIAMETER BASED ON RANGE (MORE SURFACE AREA CONTACT) HALF-BALL: SHALLOW HOLE MEASUREMENT (LESS SURFACE AREA CONTACT) *A ‘TWIN-BALL’ STYLE IS AVAILABLE AS WELL, BUT USES MICROMETER-STYLE ADJUSTMENT (DIRECT-MEASUREMENT TOOL). BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  TELESCOPIC GAUGES PROCEDURE TO USE 1) PRE-MEASURE HOLE – SELECT PROPER GAUGE. 2) CLEAN THE HOLE AND THE GAUGE. 3) DEPRESS THE PLUNGERS UNTIL THEY ARE SLIGHTLY SMALLER THAN THE BORE. 4) INSERT INTO THE BORE AT A SLIGHT ANGLE. 5) RELEASE THE LOCK NUT SO THAT THE PLUNGERS CONTACT THE BORE. 6) LIGHTLY TIGHTEN THE LOCK NUT. 7) WITH THE BOTTOM PLUNGER HELD AGAINST THE WORK, PIVOT THE GAUGE THROUGH IN AN ARC. 8) THE PLUNGER WILL BE PUSHED INWARD UNTIL IT MATCHES THE BORE DIAMETER. 9) FULLY TIGHTEN THE LOCK NUT. Photos: Paul Oleson 10) REMOVE FROM BORE AND CHECK THE GAUGE WITH AN OUTSIDE MICROMETER. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  SMALL BORE GAUGES PROCEDURE TO USE 1) PRE-MEASURE HOLE – SELECT PROPER GAUGE. 2) CLEAN THE HOLE AND THE GAUGE. 3) ADJUST GAUGE UNTIL IT IS SLIGHTLY SMALLER THAN THE BORE. 4) INSERT INTO THE BORE. 5) ADJUST THE NUT SO THAT THE SPLIT SPHERE JUST CONTACTS THE BORE. 6) SWING THE HANDLE BACK AND FORTH UNTIL THE PROPER FEEL IS OBTAINED. (TIGHTENING THE SCREW EXPANDS THE GAUGE) 7) REMOVE FROM BORE AND CHECK THE GAUGE WITH AN OUTSIDE MICROMETER. VIDEO: THE ART OF USING A TELESCOPIC GAUGE AND A SMALL BORE GAUGE Photos: Paul Oleson BASIC MEASURING TOOLS DIAL INDICATORS  DIAL INDICATORS TYPES STANDARD LONG RANGE BACK PLUNGER METRIC DIAL TEST DIGITAL CONTINUOUS DIAL CONTINUOUS DIAL CONTINUOUS DIAL CONTINUOUS DIAL BALANCED DIAL METRIC / INCH 0 – 0.100” (0.001” DIVISIONS) 0 – 0.100” (0.100” DIVISIONS) 0 – 10mm (0.01mm DIVISIONS) 0 – 10mm (0.01mm DIVISIONS) 0 – 0.020” – 0 RANGE AND DIVISIONS (0.001” DIVISIONS) ARE ADJUSTABLE BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATORS PARTS 1. CONTACT POINT 2. SPINDLE/PLUNGER 3. GRADUATION MARKINGS 4. GRADUATION/RANGE MARKING 5. POINTER 6. REVOLUTION INDICATOR DIAL 7. LIMIT MARKERS 8. CAP 9. BEZEL CLAMP 10. BEZEL 11. STEM 12. COIL SPRING 13. IDLE GEAR AND HAIR SPRING 14. SPINDLE RACK 15. MAIN GEAR ASSEMBLY 16. JEWEL 17. INNER FRAME Photo: Measuring-Tools.Biz BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATORS READING THE DIAL INDICATOR – INCH AND METRIC INTERACTIVE DIAL INDICATOR - INCH- SIMULATOR INTERACTIVE DIAL INDICATOR - INCH - SELF ASSESSMENT INTERACTIVE DIAL INDICATOR - METRIC - SIMULATOR INTERACTIVE DIAL INDICATOR - METRIC - SELF ASSESSMENT PRECISION MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATORS READING A DIAL INDICATOR – CONTINUOUS DIAL CW DIAL MOVEMENT: SPINDLE/PLUNGER RETRACTS (PUSHED IN) CCW DIAL MOVEMENT: SPINDLE/PLUNGER EXTENDS TERMS: T.I.R. TOTAL INDICATOR READING/RUNOUT F.I.M. FULL INDICATOR MOVEMENT DIRECT READING BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATORS READING A DIAL INDICATOR – BALANCED DIAL CW DIAL MOVEMENT (+ VALUE) SPINDLE/PLUNGER RETRACTS (PUSHED IN) CCW DIAL MOVEMENT ( - VALUE) SPINDLE/PLUNGER EXTENDS READS THE DIFFERENCE FROM A SPECIFIC REFERENCE POINT BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATORS VIDEO: DIAL INDICATOR COSINE ERROR COSINE ERROR BEST READING: DIAL INDICATOR IS SET AS CLOSE TO PERPENDICULAR AS POSSIBLE IN RELATION TO ANGLE THE PART FACE. COS O = ADJACENT (ACTUAL READING) HYPOTENUSE (DIAL READING) AXIS OF MEASURING AXIS OF MEASUREMENT - INSTRUMENT ACTUAL READING AFTER RE-ARRANGING THE FORMULA: (HYPOTENUSE) (ADJACENT) DIAL INDICATOR CORRECTION FORMULA: ACTUAL READING = COS O X DIAL READING BASIC MEASURING TOOLS DIAL INDICATOR USAGE  DIAL INDICATOR USAGE VIDEO: DIALING IN A 4-JAW LATHE CHUCK WORKPIECE ALIGNMENT DIAL INDICATORS DO NOT DIRECTLY MEASURE - THEY PROVIDE A COMPARISON BETWEEN A MEASURED (OR KNOWN) FEATURE AND ANOTHER FEATURE. BY USING A DIAL INDICATOR ON A LATHE WITH A 4-JAW CHUCK, A COMPARISON IS MADE BETWEEN THE PROFILES ON ONE END OF THE PART AND THE PROFILES ON THE OTHER END OF THE PART. IF THE DIAL INDICATOR SHOWS NO MOVEMENT BETWEEN THE TWO ENDS, THEY SHARE A COMMON CENTERLINE AND THE PART IS CONSIDERED TO BE ALIGNED. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATOR USAGE VIDEO: DIALING IN A VISE ON A CNC MILL WORK HOLDING ALIGNMENT DIAL INDICATORS CAN BE USED TO ALIGN WORKHOLDING DEVICES (SUCH AS VISES OR FIXTURES) ON MILLING MACHINE TABLES. INDICATE THE FIXED JAW OF A VISE TO A ZERO READING ON BOTH ENDS WHEN THE VISE IS SECURED TO THE TABLE. THIS WILL ENSURE THAT ANY PART SECURED IN THE VISE WILL BE PARALLEL TO THE MACHINE AXES. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATOR USAGE VIDEO: MILLING MACHINE HEAD ALIGNMENT - TRAMMEL INDICATOR MACHINE ALIGNMENT DIAL INDICATORS CAN BE USED TO ALIGN MACHINES AS WELL. IN THE CASE OF MILLING MACHINES, THE HEAD CAN BE ALIGNED TO THE TABLE TO ENSURE IT IS PERPENDICULAR IN BOTH AXES. THIS WILL PREVENT THE MACHINED PARTS FROM BEING OUT-OF-SQUARE. Photo: VintageMachinery.com IN THE CASE OF LATHES, THE HEADSTOCK CAN BE ALIGNED TO THE BEDWAYS TO ENSURE THE MACHINED PARTS DO NOT HAVE ANY TAPER FROM ONE END TO THE OTHER END. Photo: modelengineeringwebsite.com BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATOR USAGE LOCATING A HOLE CENTERLINE VIDEO: PICKING UP A BORE/HOLE WITH AN INDICATOR DIAL INDICATORS CAN BE USED TO ALIGN THE MILLING MACHINE SPINDLE TO THE CENTER OF A HOLE IN A WORKPIECE. IN THE CASE OF A CNC MACHINE, THIS CENTERLINE CAN BE USED TO SET THE WORKPIECE CO-ORDINATES. (X AND Y) IN THE CASE OF A MANUAL MACHINE, THIS CENTERLINE CAN BE USED AS A DATUM FOR OTHER MEASUREMENTS. Photo: haas.com CO-AXIAL DIAL INDICATOR SHOWN (DIAL FACE DOES NOT REVOLVE) BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATOR USAGE VIDEO: SETTING UP A TAPER ATTACHMENT WITH TWO DIAL INDICATORS TAPER SET-UP DIAL INDICATORS ARE ESSENTIAL FOR SETTING UP TAPER ATTACHMENTS ON A MANUAL LATHE. Photo: abom79 ONCE A TAPER HAS BEEN CALCULATED, THE DIAL INDICATOR IS USED TO MAKE SURE THAT IN A SPECIFIED DISTANCE, THE CROSS-SLIDE MOVES A SPECIFIED AMOUNT BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATOR USAGE TESTING RUNOUT VIDEO: BENCH CENTER VIDEO: TOOL RUNOUT Photo: alpha-sys.com DIAL INDICATORS CAN BE USED TO CHECK THE RUN-OUT OF DIAL INDICATORS CAN ALSO BE USED TO DIAMETERS ON THE SAME PART, TO SEE IF THEY SHARE A INSPECT TOOLS FOR NON-INTENTIONAL COMMON CENTERLINE. THEY CAN ALSO CHECK THE RUN-OUT. STRAIGHTNESS OF A PART – THE AMOUNT OF BEND. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL INDICATOR USAGE INSPECTION PURPOSES Photo: rick.sparber.org VIDEO: SINE BAR SETUP WITH DIAL INDICATOR Collage: Basic Engineering / MK BASIC MEASURING TOOLS DIAL BORE GAUGES  DIAL BORE GAUGES LENGTH EXTENSIONS CAN BE ADDED THAT INCREASE THE DEPTH THAT A BORE CAN BE CHECKED. THESE GAUGES ARE COMPARISON TOOLS SIMILAR TO TELESCOPIC GAUGES – BUT WITH A DIAL READOUT. A DIAL BORE GAUGE MEASURE DIAMETERS, BUT IT CAN ALSO SHOW IF THERE IS ANY TAPER IN THE BORE, AS WELL AS IF THE BORE IS OUT-OF-ROUND. THE GAUGE HAS A CONTACT PLUNGER WHICH IS CONNECTED TO THE DIAL, AND INTERCHANGEABLE ENDS USED TO SET THE NOMINAL SIZE. THE GAUGE CAN ALSO HAVE REFERENCE CONTACTS THAT HELP WITH ALIGNMENT TO THE TRUE AXIS OF THE BORE BEING MEASURED (SLED OR WHEELS). THE GAUGE MUST BE SET TO THE NOMINAL VALUE OF THE BORE, AND WHEN A MEASUREMENT IS TAKEN, IT WILL SHOW THE AMOUNT OF VARIATION AND THE DIRECTION FROM THIS NOMINAL VALUE. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL BORE GAUGES SETTING/CALIBRATION - MICROMETER 1) ENSURE THE DIAL BORE GAUGE AND MICROMETER ARE CLEAN. 2) SET THE OUTSIDE MICROMETER TO THE REQUIRED SIZE OF THE BORE. LOCK IT IN POSITION. (USE A VERNIER MICROMETER FOR INCREASED ACCURACY) 3) POSITION THE DIAL BORE GAUGE PLUNGER AND ROD BETWEEN THE MICROMETER FACES. 4) ROCK THE DIAL BORE GAUGE BACK AND FORTH. 5) FIND THE LOWEST READING OF THE NEEDLE ON THE DIAL FACE. 6) ADJUST THE BEZEL OF THE DIAL SO THAT THE ZERO MARK LINES UP WITH THIS LOWEST READING. 7) CHECK THE GAUGE AGAIN TO ENSURE THE NEEDLE POINTS TO THE ZERO MARK. MAKE ANY ADJUSTMENTS, IF NECESSARY. VIDEO: DIAL BORE GAUGE CALIBRATION WITH MICROMETER (4:20) Photos: Paul Oleson BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL BORE GAUGES SETTING/CALIBRATION – MASTER RING 1) ENSURE THE DIAL BORE GAUGE AND MASTER RING ARE CLEAN. 2) INSERT THE DIAL BORE GAUGE INTO THE MASTER RING BORE. THE REFERENCE CONTACTS WILL ENSURE THAT THE GAUGE IS ALIGNED TO THE TRUE AXIS OF THE RING. 3) ROCK THE DIAL BORE GAUGE BACK AND FORTH. 4) FIND THE LOWEST READING OF THE NEEDLE ON THE DIAL FACE. 5) ADJUST THE BEZEL OF THE DIAL SO THAT THE ZERO MARK LINES UP WITH THIS LOWEST READING. 6) CHECK THE GAUGE AGAIN TO ENSURE THE NEEDLE POINTS TO THE ZERO MARK. MAKE ANY ADJUSTMENTS, IF NECESSARY. VIDEO: DIAL BORE GAUGE CALIBRATION WITH MASTER RING (7:38) BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL BORE GAUGES SETTING/CALIBRATION – GAUGE BLOCK SETTING FIXTURE 1) ENSURE THE DIAL BORE GAUGE AND THE SETTING FIXTURE ARE CLEAN. 2) CREATE A GAUGE BLOCK STACK UP THAT REPRESENTS THE NOMINAL DIAMETER OF THE BORE TO BE MEASURED. 3) PLACE THE GAUGE BLOCK STACK INTO THE SETTING FIXTURE. THIS TRANSFORMS THE GAUGE BLOCK DISTANCE FROM AN OUTSIDE DIMENSION TO AN INSIDE DIMENSION. 4) INSERT THE DIAL BORE GAUGE INTO THE SETTING FIXTURE. THE REFERENCE CONTACTS WILL ENSURE THAT THE GAUGE IS ALIGNED SQUARE TO THE FIXTURE. 5) ROCK THE DIAL BORE GAUGE BACK AND FORTH. 6) FIND THE LOWEST READING OF THE NEEDLE ON THE DIAL FACE. 7) ADJUST THE BEZEL OF THE DIAL SO THAT THE ZERO MARK LINES UP WITH THIS LOWEST READING. Photo: By Solaris2006 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1175333 8) CHECK THE GAUGE AGAIN TO ENSURE THE NEEDLE POINTS TO THE ZERO MARK. MAKE ANY ADJUSTMENTS, IF NECESSARY. VIDEO: DIAL BORE GAUGE CALIBRATION WITH SETTING FIXTURE BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL BORE GAUGES VIDEO: USING A DIAL BORE GAUGE TO CHECK A BORE PROCEDURE TO USE PLACE THE CALIBRATED BORE GAUGE INTO THE BORE AT AS THE GAUGE REACHES THE PERPENDICULAR POSITION AN ANGLE. IN THIS CASE, LET’S SAY THE NOMINAL AND THEN MOVES PAST, THE DIAL WILL MOVE IN AN ARC, DIAMETER OF THE BORE IS 3.0000”. REACHING A LOW POINT AND THEN IT WILL MOVE IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION. TAKE SEVERAL READINGS TO DETERMINE THE PLACE THE GAUGE AT THE DESIRED DEPTH. THIS LOW POINT ON THE DIAL IS THE READING WHEN THE FINAL DIAL READING. MAKE SURE TO USE GENTLE PRESSURE TO ENSURE THE PIVOT THE GAUGE THROUGH AN ARC GAUGE IS PERPENDICULAR TO THE BORE. IN THE IMAGE ABOVE, THE GRADUATIONS ON GAUGE DOES NOT DAMAGE THE BORE. SO THAT IT BECOMES PERPENDICULAR THE FACE ARE 0.0001”. THE DIAL IS POINTING TO THE BORE. RECORD THIS READING ON THE DIAL. TO THE 19TH MARK, WHICH IS 0.0019”. MONITOR THE DIAL INDICATOR AS THE REMEMBER: GAUGE MOVES CLOSER TO IF THE NOMINAL SIZE WERE 3.0000”, THE BORE THE ZERO ON THE DIAL REPRESENTS THE NOMINAL SIZE PERPENDICULAR. SIZE WOULD BE READ AS BEING 3.0019”. OF THE BORE. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  DIAL BORE GAUGES VIDEO: MEASURING CYLINDER BORE TAPER AND OUT OF ROUND APPLICATION CHECKING ENGINE CYLINDER BORES A CHART SUCH AS THE ONE ILLUSTRATED HAS AN AREA TO RECORD TWO MEASUREMENTS* (AT RIGHT ANGLES TO ONE ANOTHER – THRUST AND AXIAL) WHICH ARE TO BE TAKEN AT THE TOP, MIDDLE, AND BOTTOM LOCATIONS IN EACH CYLINDER. *sometimes these charts can show three measurements taken at 60 degree angles to one another. THE TAPER AND OUT-OF-ROUND VALUES ARE THEN CALCULATED TO SEE WHICH CYLINDERS ARE OUT-OF-TOLERANCE. Photo: spddm0n in cylinder bore – out of round BASIC MEASURING TOOLS ADJUSTABLE PARALLELS  ADJUSTABLE PARALLELS USED FOR LAYOUT, GAGING, INSPECTION WORK AND FOR SETUPS ON VARIOUS MACHINE TOOLS. THE PARALLEL SET IS JOINED BY A DOVETAIL SLIDE WHICH CAN BE TIGHTENED IN ANY POSITION. CAN BE ADJUSTED TO AN EXACT SIZE BY USING AN OUTSIDE MICROMETER. SETS AVAILABLE WITH 6 PARALLELS - 3/8 to 1/2, 1/2 to 11/16, 11/16 to 15/16, 15/16 to 1-5/16, 1-5/16 to 1-3/4, 1-3/4 to 2-1/4 BASIC MEASURING TOOLS  ADJUSTABLE PARALLELS USES USEFUL AS A GAGE IN CHECKING THE SIZE OF SLOTS, GROOVES, AND OPENINGS. 1) SELECT SET THAT WILL FIT INTO THE OPENING 2) PUSH ON THE WIDE ENDS TO EXPAND THE PARALLELS TO FIT TIGHTLY IN THE OPENING. 3) MEASURE THE DISTANCE ACROSS THE PARALLELS WITH A MICROMETER. (if the parallels must be removed from the slot, gently tighten the locking screw(s) prior to removal) CAN LEVEL OR ADJUST WORK ON SET-UPS. CAN BE USED IN PLACE OF SOLID-STYLE PARALLELS. CAN BE USED TO ADJUST THE END OF A SINE BAR UP OR DOWN TO DETERMINE THE ANGLE OF A MACHINED PART. BASIC MEASURING TOOLS END