Class 7 English Sunday School Materials PDF

ORTHODOX SYRIAN SUNDAY SCHOOL ASSOCIATION OF THE EAST Galilee Division Class VII (English) Sunday School Central Office Devalokam, Kottayam-4 Ph: 2572890 1 AN OSSAE PUBLICATION Sunday School Lesson Series-VII First Edition: September 2014 Third Edition: February 2022 Copies: 2000 Price: ` 60.00 Printed at Alois Graphics, Kottayam. Tel: 2569847 [email protected] 2 FOREWORD Orthodox Sunday School Association of the East could successfully publish Sunday School text books, modifying those in use comprehensively, according to needs of the hour. The effort behind this deserves appreciation from all angles. This publication was the result of concerted hard work from a fellowship of clergy and laity well experienced in the area of education under the capable leadership and guidance of the then OSSAE President and educational wizard H. G. Dr. Yakob Mar Irenaios and the then Director General of OSSAE and reputed Psychologist Fr. Dr. O. Thomas. Now, it has become necessary for a re-publication of those books. Let us recall thankfully those who worked behind this: we submit them in the hands of our Almighty God. The Word of God, Church Liturgy, family prayers, life of Church Fathers and their exhortations, faith of our Church, Church History and social issues are integrated systematically and equitably developed from BALAPADOM to VEDA PRAVEEN DIPLOMA and different topics arranged in different textbooks most sensibly and in an orderly manner. There can be further modifications and corrections. All those going through these texts may note that they have the freedom and opportunity to make suggestions for improving this further. Let us not forget one thing. Along with the topics covered in the curriculum, children come across another open text, which is the presence of their teacher, which they experience and assimilate. In young minds, which is more influential, presence of teacher or textbooks? Both are important. However, what integrates more in a child mind is the presence of teacher, as we perceive. Facial expressions happen to enlighten a person. It is a direct perception rather than sense of hearing. Mother, father, priests, teachers, elder brothers and other elders are all masters, but the one standing on top of all is mother as the saying goes, “GURUNAM MATHA SHREYASI”. The very first open house of education is home followed by church and school. All these join to form a concept of GURUKULAM and an ongoing master – child relationship. It shall be in such a learning scenario, one has to perceive curricular and non-curricular topics with teachers and students. With this note of Foreword, the revised print of Sunday School texts are presented before Church. Devalokam Dr. Gabriel Mar Gregorios 01-12- 2019 President, OSSAE 3 INTRODUCTION ‘Spiritual education has been documented in the Holy Bible from the time of Moses as being of utmost importance. Through God’s spokesman, Moses, the Israelites were instructed to teach God’s commandments to their children, “Recite them to your children and talk about them when you are at home” (Deuteronomy 6:7). The Orthodox Syrian Sunday School Associa- tion of the East (OSSAE) is the significant movement in Malankara Orthodox Church for giving spiritual education to the children. The ministry of being a teacher of the Sunday School is not a job or Sunday routine. It is a privilege to be chosen and used by Jesus Christ. Hence the goal of OSSAE is to give the children the firm faith in Jesus Christ our Lord. The Sunday School education should inspire them to have faith in the Triune God, partake in all salvific acts of our Lord Jesus Christ as a member of the Holy Church and also to work for the glory of the Kingdom of God. Let the teacher be an encourager because the world has plenty of critics already. Let our method of teaching be ‘learner’ centred. Teacher shall in- spire the children and be a facilitator for them. Help the student to know God, to experience God and to walk in His ways. The parents also have a great evangelical role in moulding their children in Godliness. St. John Chrysostom opined that ‘Home Church is the cradle of Catechism’. Here St. John Chrysostom used the term “home Church’ to mean Church at home.The parents are the most influential teachers of children. They should teach their children without fail. OSSAE prepared and uploaded video classes from Balapadam to Class XII on ossaebodhanam.org. Parents should take care to teach children using these online resources along with regular classes of Sunday School. The value of our Sunday school children is immensely great. Their value doesn’t decrease based on someone’s inability to see their worth. What God knows about them is more important than others think. Ultimately to know the will of God is the greatest of all spiritual pursuits, to understand the will of God is the greatest spiritual discovery and using Christian education to do the will of God is the greatest of life’s achievements. Let God’s will shine on the lives of our children! Devalokam Fr. Dr. Varghese Varghese 16-09-2021 Director General 5 PREFACE The OSSAE curriculum was thoroughly revised during 2012-13. The revision was done considering child psychology and giving empha- sis to student centered teaching and learning. Intensive supervision of the then OSSAE President, H. G. Dr. Yakob Mar Irenaios and the lead- ership of the then Director General Fr. Dr. O. Thomas were the real assets in the revision process. Prof. Dr. Sam V. Daniel, Omalloor served as the Executive Editor of the Curriculum Committee. After Fr. Dr. O. Thomas, Fr. Dr. Reji Mathew became the Director General and he worked hard day and night to com- plete the revision. Many distinguished persons co-operated with him to complete the lessons. Let us express the gratitude to all of them. When Fr. Dr. Jacob Kurian took charge as the Director General, he initiated the correction of printing mistakes and other errors in the first edition. The process is still going on. It is now ten years since the new cur- riculum had been formulated. Present Curriculum Committee, under the leadership of OSSAE President H. G. Dr. Gabriel Mar Gregorios and Director General Fr. Dr. Varghese Varghese, is taking steps to include necessary revisions in the texts. The service of Fr. Job Sam Mathew, our Office Administrator in remodelling this book is to be mentioned with gratitude. There are thirteen classes at present under five sections – Bethlehem, Nazreth, Galilee, Jerusalem and Tabore. This text is for class seven of Galilee section, Here students are of the age 11-12. This means they are entering into their teenage. So teachers and parents shall take utmost care in handling them. We together shall help them to walk along with Jesus Christ. Give first priority to mould them, not marks. Let the Holy Spirit guide us to attain our goal. Devalokam Prof. Dr. Cherian Thomas 22-02-2022 Publication Officer 6 Contents Unit 1: Stories from the Holy Bible Chapter 1: Judges................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 2: Samuel, the Priest and Prophet...................................................... 14 Chapter 3: A King for Israel.............................................................................. 18 Chapter 4: David, the King and MellifluousSinger of Israel........................... 23 Chapter 5: Solomon, the Wisest of Kings......................................................... 28 Chapter 6: Resurrected Christ and Disciples................................................... 32 Chapter 7: Journey to Emmaus........................................................................ 35 Chapter 8: My Lord and My God..................................................................... 38 Chapter 9: Jesus Appears to St. Peter................................................................ 41 Chapter 10: Ascension of Jesus........................................................................... 45 Unit 2: Prayer Chapter 11: Mar Ephrem’s Teachings (Memra)................................................. 48 Chapter 12: The prayer ‘O our Father, who art in Heaven.....’ used in the prayers of the Canonical Hour of Terce..................... 54 Chapter 13: To learn to recite and understand the meaning of the prayer beginning “O Lord, who sittest in the secret place of the Most High...” used in the prayers for Compline........................... 58 Unit 3: Hymns of Eucharistic Devotion Chapter 14: Intercessory Hymns to Mother Mary............................................ 62 Chapter 15: Intercessory Hymns to Saints........................................................ 68 Unit 4: My Church Chapter 16: Marthoman Heritage: The Oral Tradition.................................... 73 Chapter 17: Stories connected with St. Thomas................................................ 76 Unit 5: The Holy Eucharist - A study Chapter 18: The promeyon and sedras used in the Holy Eucharist................ 79 Chapter 19: Blessing of the Censor during the Holy Eucharist....................... 84 Unit 6: Dogmas of our Faith Chapter 20: Fasts and Fasting............................................................................. 89 Chapter 21: Ascetic life......................................................................................... 94 Unit 7: Great Men of God Chapter 22: St. Basil the Great............................................................................ 99 Chapter 23: St. Gregory of Nyssa...................................................................... 103 Chapter 24: Holistic Health Care...................................................................... 107 Chapter 25: Love of Nature............................................................................... 112 7 STRUCTURE OF THE LESSONS (Prepared by Prof. Dr. Sam V. Daniel) 1. Message: The central idea that should be sensitised through each lesson is given here. 2. Verse to be Memorized: A biblical verse related to the central theme of the lesson is given for memorizing. The teacher should read out this verse from the Holy Bible at the end of the class and the students should say it aloud several times. 3. Teaching Aids: Information on pictures, books, etc. connected to the central theme are given to present lessons effectively. 4. Introduction: This section helps in making the presentation of the lesson attractive and enjoyable. 5. The Lesson or Text: This is the content of the lesson. We have tried our best to make it student-centred. The ideas should be presented by participating students. The teacher should take the Holy Bible to class and should readout the biblical passages. The descriptions made should have the quality of a narration. The students should be encouraged through interaction questions. When important ideas come let the students recite them in Chorus. 6. Song or Hymns: A song or hymn connected with the lesson is given here. The teacher should sing it aloud and the students should recite it in chorus. 7. Let Us Pray: A simple prayer connected with the theme of the lesson is given here. The teacher and the students can say this prayer in the class together. All should stand up and cross themselves before the prayer. 8. Our Decision or Resolution: An idea that can touch the students’ mind like a decision and that can be implemented in their lives is given in this section. Make the students say aloud this concept. 9. Let Us Think: These are evaluation questions given to examine how far the students have grasped the ideas in the text. 10. Activities: Most of the tasks given in the section are for enacting, drawing, physical action or narration. 11. Further Reading: Various biblical passages connected with the lesson are given for reading in the evening and in the morning of all days of a week. 8 Unit 1 Events from the Holy Bible Chapter 1 Judges Theme: Like the Judges who led the people of Israel according to God’s commandments, we too are called by God to do good for others and serve them. Verse to be memorized: “Mighty soldier, the Lord is with you!” (Judges 6:12) Learning Aids: 1. A chart containing the names of Judges 2. A picture of Samson 3. A Picture depicting the conversation between Gideon and God’s angel. Introduction The Judges were leaders of Israel during the period between Joshua and Saul, the first King of Israel. They were local chieftans. They were called and empowered by the Lord in order to save the people from their enemies (Judges 2:16). There were altogether fifteen Judges who led Israel during this period. You have already learned about one of the Judges namely Samson. Today we are going to get acquainted with Judges like him. Lesson Judges of Israel 1. Othniel (Judges 3:9-12) 2. Ehud (Judges 3:15-30) 3. Shamgar (Judges 3:31) 4. Deborah (Judges 4:4-5:31) 5. Gideon (Judges 6:11-8:29) 6. Abimelech (Judges 9:1-6, 22-52) 7. Tola (Judges 10:1-2) 8. Jair (Judges 10:3-5) 9. Jephthah (Judges 11:1-12:7) 9 10. Ibzan (Judges 12:8-10) 11. Elon (Judges 12:11-12) 12. Abdon (Judges 12:13-15) 13. Samson (Judges 13:2-16:31) 14. Eli (1 Samuel 1-4) 15. Samuel (1 Samuel 1-25) Mission and Responsibilities of Judges Moses could lead thousands of people of Israel because God called and authorized him for that. The Judges succeeded Moses and Joshua as leaders of Israel. Let us see what were the responsibilities assigned to them by God. What were the basic responsibilities of Judges? 1. They led God’s people as good shepherds (1 Chronicles 17:6). 2. They functioned as arbitrators to resolve disputes (1 Samuel 7:15, 8:3). 3. Saved the people from the enemies and from catastrophes (Judges 10:1-2). 4. Inspired by the Holy Spirit they protected the people when they were in trouble (Judges 6:34, 11:29, 13:25). Today let us learn more about three Judges of Israel. 1. Deborah (Judges 4:4-5:31) Deborah was the only woman to become a Judge of Israel. The name ‘Deborah’ means ‘bee.’ She was the wife of Lappidoth. It is interesting to note that this woman judge had a respectable place in that male-dominated society. There are two epithets attributed to her. She was known as prophetess and Judge (Judges 4:4, 5). Her tenure was quite long when compared with those of other Judges (Judges 4:5). Deborah served the people when the Canaanites were regularly attacking the Israelites. Can you identity a few qualities of a good leader? One notable quality of a good leader is the ability to inspire others to become good leaders. Deborah inspired Barak to become the leader and Judge of Israel at a time when the Israelites were being attacked by enemies and Israel lacked leadership, and the fear of God. She gave the message that God would intervene on behalf of those who were suffering (4:14). She taught the people to become reasonable enough to rely on God during persecutions (Judges 5:8, 4:6-9). 2. Gideon (Judges 6-8) Gideon was another judge of Israel. Later he got the name ‘Jerubbaal’ (meaning ‘breaker of idols’). He got this name because he destroyed the idols of Baal. The Lord called Gideon to be a judge when Israelites were suffering from the attacks of Midianites 10 and Amalekites (Judges 6:11, 33). The Book of Judges says that Gideon got his strength and the call to be the judge of Israel from the Lord (Judges 6:11 onwards). During a harvesting season Gideon was threshing wheat at the bottom of a grape press for fear of Midianites. Then the Angel of the Lord appeared to him (Judges 6:12). The angel appreciated his physical strength and intelligence (Judges 6:12-14). The Lord showed Gideon a sign to empower him personally (Judges 6:17-24) and another sign to strengthen his people who were afraid of the Midianites (Judges 6:36-40). Strengthened by God, Gideon saved Israelites from their enemies. 3. Jephthah (Judges 11:1-12:8) Jephthah was the son of a prostitute. He overcame the infamy/ignominy of his birth with his strength and goodness (11:1-12:8). God spoke to Jephthah at a place called Mizpah. Here Jephthah affirmed his relationship with God, and bowed before God’s presence after he was chosen to be a Judge in Israel. When he went to war with the Ammonites, Jephthah took an oath that if he returned victorious from the war, he would sacrifice the first thing he saw, to Yahweh. But the first person who came to greet him on his victorious return was his only daughter! Still Jephthah didn’t go back on his oath to God. The daughter who came to know about her father’s vow, did not resist. So Jephthah could fulfil his oath by sacrificing his daughter. Do you think that sad incident teaches us something? We should never be emotional and impulsive while taking up an oath or making an offering. We should check whether it is according to God’s will. But at the same time, we should fulfil the oaths we take. Here we learned that 1. God, for the Israelites, was always a living God. God knew about their needs and difficulties better than anyone else. 2. When the Israelites were in a crisis, God chose and appointed suitable people to rescue them from their troubles. God doesn’t show any discrimination between man and woman while selecting His representative. He leads them by giving blessings and strength. 3. God punishes His chosen representatives when they drift away into sin. The life of the mighty wrestler Samson is an example. Hymn (Nyayadhipa Nyayadhipathe) Judge of judges above all! - at Thy judgement Confound me not, I angered Thee in - sinfulness Forgiveness I deserve not, - but show mercy! 11 Thy holy body and blood are - treasured in me I love Thee, and adore Thy Cross+ Thy body and blood cleansed me, Lord! Grant me remission of sins and be - reconciled! OR O Lord and Judge of Judges, spare my sins from Wrath and disgrace on the day of my Last judgment E.....ven though I don’t have any claim of remission Reckon Thy flesh, and blood in me - for - Thy mercy I revered Thy cross for love of Thee Thy flesh and blood have absolved me of sins Assent O merciful Lord, and liberate me.................................................. Let Us Pray O omniscient and omnipotent Lord who takes care of us, we praise You for Your blessings and protection. Enable us to lead our lives doing as much good to others as possible. Bless us to execute the decisions we have taken before You. We praise and worship the Holy Trinity now and for ever. Amen.................................................. Resolution We will make use of every opportunity to do good to our brothers and sisters in this world.................................................. Let us think 1. Read the verses Ecclesiastes 8:5 and Proverbs 31:9, 15:14 in class and discuss the qualities you find in Deborah. 2. What were the responsibilities of the Judges of Israel? …………………………………………………………………….. 3. Deborah held two responsibilities simultaneously. What were they? 4. Who were the greatest enemies of Israel during Deborah’s period? 5. Gideon was also known by another name, what was it?....................................................................................................................... 12 6. Do you think Gideon felt that the people of Israel were suffering because God was not with them? What message do you get from this?....................................................................................................................... 7. List a few good qualities you see in Gideon.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8. What is your opinion about taking oaths? Is it a means to influence God? 9. Who came to receive Jephthah when he returned victorious from war with the Ammonites?....................................................................................................................... 10. How many days did the virgins of Israel go annually to praise the daughter of Jephthah? (Judges 11:40)........................................................................................................................ Activities 1. Prepare a chart showing the periods and succession of Judges. 2. Write a short note on the role of Judges in Israel. Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * Judges 3 Monday Judges 4 Judges 5 Tuesday Judges 6 Judges 7 Wednesday Judges 8 Judges 9 Thursday Judges 10 Judges 11 Friday Judges 13 Judges 14 Saturday Judges 15 * 13 Chapter 2 Samuel, the Priest and Prophet Theme: All of us have received God’s call and He has assigned responsibilities for us. We should listen to God, obey His commandments and do our duties given to us according to His will. We need to learn that neglecting such duties would cause danger to us and to others as well. Verse to be memorized: “As Samuel grew, the Lord was with him and people listened carefully to his advice” (1 Samuel 3:19). Learning Aids: 1. A picture of boy Samuel 2. Letters of the name ‘Samuel’ written on different cards so that the students can arrange them to read the name. Introduction Samuel is a notable person among the judges, priests and prophets of Israel. He can be considered as the pioneer in the fields of worship, ethical doctrines and instructive interventions. He is the last Judge, the first high priest outside the priestly clan of Aaron, the one who anointed the first two kings of Israel, a great defender of faith, and a great leader of Israel after Moses. We learn about this great man in this lesson. Lesson Birth and Childhood Elkanah and his wife Hannah were married for long, but they had no children. They had to suffer a lot of taunts and anguish because of this. But they comforted each other and went regularly to the Tabernacle to worship the Lord. Eli the priest saw Hannah’s lips trembling silently when she prayed at the Tabernacle. He thought that she had been drunk and he scolded her. But when Eli realized the truth, he blessed her saying that her prayers would be granted (1 Samuel 1:10-17). After one year Hannah gave birth to a son. She named him Samuel (meaning ‘asked of God’) because she said that she had asked the Lord for him. When Samuel was weaned, the parents went to the Tabernacle with the child and worshipped the Lord with the priest. Then boy Samuel was presented to the Tabernacle to be brought up there. We have already learned about Samuel’s calling and vision in Class I. 14 Samuel and Kingship During the period of Samuel, Israelites were at war with the Philistines. Philistines defeated Israel in the war. The Israelites brought the Ark of the Lord from Shiloh to their military camp. When they saw the Lord’s Ark coming, their shout of joy was so loud that the ground shook. The Philistines heard the shout and panicked. But they fought desperately and defeated Israel. They captured the Ark of the God. Hearing this bad news, Eli the priest fell down from his seat and died. Since it was no longer safe in Shiloh, Samuel shifted to Ramah (1 Samuel 4:18, 8:4). The elders of Israel approached Samuel and asked to give them a king like all other nations had (1 Samuel 8:5). Samuel told them regarding the hardships they would face under a king. But the people refused to listen to Samuel. So on Yahweh’s direction, Samuel anointed Saul from the tribe of Benjamin as King of Israel (1 Samuel 10:1). But when Saul defied God’s commandments, he was removed from Kingship (1 Samuel 15:23 on wards). In the place of Saul, Samuel anointed David, son of Jesse of Bethlehem as the King of Israel (1 Samuel 16:12). Samuel and Priesthood Samuel was a seer, prophet and priest. He made sacrifices and offerings to the Lord for the sake of Israel, blessed their offerings and gave them admonitions. Thus he executed the priestly duties as well. The people who were afraid of the attack of the Philistines pleaded with the Lord to save them from the enemies (1 Samuel 7:8). Their prayer was heard. The lord was pleased with Samuel’s offering and helped Israel defeat the Philistines. The stone Ebenezer, meaning ‘stone of help’, (1 Samuel 7:12) is a memorial of the Lord’s help. People used to wait for Samuel to come and bless them (1 Samuel 9:13, 22:24) Samuel used to gather the Lord’s people together at a place called Mizpah to worship the Lord (1 Samuel 7:6). The theological tradition of the later ages praises Samuel’s intercession (Jeremiah 15:1, Psalms 99:6). Samuel himself thought that it was a sin against the Lord to stop interceding on behalf of the people of God (1 Samuel 12:23). What does Samuel teach us? 1. Samuel exhorted people to give up idol worship and worship of foreign gods and return to the only true God Yahweh (1 Samuel 7:3-4). Let us think how we can submit ourselves completely to the Lord. 2. Obedience to the Lord: King Saul showed laxity in obeying God. Samuel gave Saul the message that “Obedience is better than sacrifice and listening to the Lord 15 is better than offering the fat of rams” (1 Samuel 15:22) NRSV. How does this message of obedience influence us today? Religious activities like making offerings, conducting religious services, pilgrimages, doing charity work, prayer and worship are so common today. All these become useless if we do not really obey God’s commandments. 3. Listen to the ‘call’ of God and always act according to this ‘call.’ While Eli, the Priest, his sons and King Saul disregarded their ‘calling’, Samuel obeyed God’s call and His commandments faithfully. Hymn [Tune: Thoobaic Etho (N’beeyanmarum)] Remember we Those prophets and apostles Who preached the Christ to Gentiles; Those crowned ones just and righteous; Those martyrs and confessors; Who bore torements and distress; God’s Mother, saintly heroes; Those faithful departed ones, Their entreaties be for us, At all times a strong fortress.................................................. Let Us Pray O Lord Jesus Christ, we praise You because You hear our prayers. Help us to listen to Your voice through the scriptures; and lead our lives as You will. Teach us to obey our parents, elders and teachers.Amen.................................................. Resolution We would obey God and elders, as Samuel did. We would speak the truth and stand for truth in all circumstances.................................................. Let Us Think 1. Hannah was inspired to dedicate her son to the service of the Lord.why?....................................................................................................................... 16 2. Who was the priest at the Tabernacle where Samuel lived?....................................................................................................................... 3. How do we know that Samuel was ‘called’ to be God’s prophet and priest?....................................................................................................................... 4. What is the meaning of the name, ‘Samuel’?....................................................................................................................... 5. Why did the Israelites bring Ark of the Lord to the battlefront?....................................................................................................................... 6. Name the kings anointed by Samuel........................................................................................................................ 7. Do you find similarities between the ministry of Moses and of Samuel?....................................................................................................................... 8. What is the meaning of the word ‘Ebenezer’?....................................................................................................................... 9. What do you mean by ‘intercessory prayer’?....................................................................................................................... Activities 1. Identify the differences in the ministry of Samuel, and the ministry of Eli and his sons. 2. Write down one to two statements made by Samuel, which you like most, on a chart. 3. Conduct a self examination to find out if you have the sins mentioned in the Book of Samuel (Eg: Disobedience). 4. Enact an episode from Samuel’s life in the form of a play. Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * 1 Samuel 1:1-28 Monday 1 Samuel 2:15-26 1 Samuel 3:1-21, 4:1 Tuesday 1 Samuel 8:21 1 Samuel 9:1-27 Wednesday 1 Samuel 10:1-25 1 Samuel 11:1-15 Thursday 1 Samuel 12:1-25 1 Samuel 13:1-15 Friday 1 Samuel 14:1-25 1 Samuel 14:26-52 Saturday 1 Samuel 15:1-35 * 17 Chapter 3 A King for Israel Theme: Those who are assigned positions of responsibility should faithfully discharge them. God who examines our lives shall bless us with appropriate rewards. Verse to be memorized: “Obedience is far better than sacrifice. He is much more interested in your listening to Him than in your offering the fat of rams to Him” (1 Samuel 15:22) NRSV. Learning Aids: A picture of Samuel anointing Saul as King. Introduction In the previous lesson we learned about the Prophet-Priest Samuel. He anointed the first two kings of Israel. When Israel adopted Kingship, the first king to be selected by God, and anointed by Samuel upon God’s commandment, was Saul. Even though God chose Saul as king of Israel, He later rejected Saul who disobeyed Him. Let us learn about king Saul and his tragic end. Lesson Saul was born as the son of Kish, a rich, influential man from the tribe of Benjamin. He was born when Israel was facing several enemies and very hard situations. There was lack of strong leadership to protect the people from enemies. Samuel who was the Judge of Israel had grown quite old. His sons who too were judges were greedy and corrupt. The nations around Israel like the Ammonites and Philistines had grown strong. Saul was handsome, strong and agile (1 Samuel 9:2). Saul anointed King Saul was anointed king when the people of Israel started asking for a king. There are three descriptions about this in the Book of Prophet Samuel. People were clamouring for a king for themselves. This demand was not liked by God and Samuel; for God Himself was their king (1 Samuel 12:12-16). The first description (1 Samuel 9:1-10:16): When Saul went in search of the lost donkeys of his father (1 Samuel 9:3 onwards) he went to Ramah and visited Prophet Samuel in order to seek his advice. At that time Samuel received God’s commandments regarding Saul. The prophet anointed Saul as the King of Israel (1 18 Samuel 10:1). The practice of assigning a person to a particular position by pouring blessed olive oil on his head was prevalent in those days. This was done secretly. A public function was to follow. The second description is given in 1 Samuel 10:17-24. As directed by God, Samuel drew lots and selected Saul, son of Kish of the tribe of Benjamin. The third description (1 Samuel 11:1-13) gives an account of the formal installation of Saul as King. Meanwhile Saul had saved Israel from Ammonites; and people were convinced about his God-given power and authority. Saul is rejected as King Saul disobeyed God and acted against His will. He did not pay heed to the prophet. Saul’s reluctance to listen to Prophet Samuel, disobedience and jealousy estranged him from Prophet Samuel and his successor David. 1 Samuel 13 describes his faults in making burnt offerings to the Lord during the two years he reigned as King. He disobeyed God’s commandments and committed follies which led to he being rejected from kingship (1 Samuel 13:8-14). He disobeyed the Lord by not fulfilling the vows; so he was rejected as King (1 Samuel 15:1-23). Saul and David One great challenge during Saul’s reign was the Philistines. David killed Goliath, the Philistine giant (1 Samuel 17) NRSV. People of Israel praised David on his victory. They sang “Saul has slain thousands and David ten thousands!” (1 Samuel 18:7). Thus Saul became jealous of David. God had decided to take away kingship from Saul and raise David as the king. He hated David, who had saved him and the people from the Philistines and tried to kill him. On the other hand, David remained loyal to Saul, God’s anointed king. Saul and his soldiers chased David to capture him from his hideout. Twice, David had the opportunity to kill Saul, But he did not harm the king. The life of Saul and David teaches us the following: 1. One has to act and behave according to one’s ‘call’. God selected Saul and elevated him as king. But he pursued his own interests and estranged himself from the will of God. This caused his downfall. 2. God may elevate or reject a person according to the conduct of that person. However great a person is, he is subject to God’s decisions. What we have acquired is not due to our merit but by the grace of God. In adversities we should seek refuge in the Lord. 19 3. We should live in fellowship with the people. David was Saul’s son-in-law. He used to play the harp to soothe the evil spirit that tormented Saul. He spared Saul’s life despite having opportunities to harm and kill him. Yet Saul tried to destroy David several times. Saul could not digest women praising and cheering David for his spoils in the war. He became jealous of David. It is useless to rise up against those who are blessed by the Lord. Hymn (From Compline of Tuesday in Canonical Offices or Shihmo prayer) Oh.... Lord, who by His Death Killed death And the, Evil One who killed Adam.... Kindly, kill the sin that oppress me O Good Shepherd who... Went in, search of the lost sheep Search for, my doom like for the Lost gold, coin of the maid You are, the One who seeks the cursed Kindly protect me as You........... defended David Halleluiah - from King Saul.................................................. Let us Pray O loving God, You have given us the good fortune to lead our lives in your presence. Help us to realize Your blessings and lead a virtuous life. Forbid us from taking evil ways. We praise and worship God the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen.................................................. Resolution We won’t become proud and arrogant like Saul who forgot God’s blessings in his life. We would lead our lives by understanding God’s will through prayer, fasting and humility. We would behave with love and care towards all people who are God’s creation. 20 Let Us Think 1. What was the tribe that Saul belonged to?....................................................................................................................... 2. Name Saul’s father........................................................................................................................ 3. What difference do you see between Samuel and his sons, as judges?....................................................................................................................... 4. Describe the selection and coronation accounts of King Saul............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5. God did not like the people’s demand for a king, Why?..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6. Where did Saul make his offering?....................................................................................................................... 7. What was Saul’s justification for making the offering himself?....................................................................................................................... 8. Why was Saul jealous of and angry with David?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9. Identify the reasons for Saul’s downfall and discuss them in the class............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10. What was David’s attitude to Saul?....................................................................................................................... Activities 1. Prepare a chart showing the virtuous and evil deeds of King Saul in adjacent columns. 2. Enact a short play based on an incident in Saul’s life. 3. Compare the virtues and vices of Saul’s life with those of your life and make an evaluation. 21 Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * 1 Samuel 18 Monday 1 Samuel 9 1 Samuel 10 Tuesday 1 Samuel 11, 13 1 Samuel 14 Wednesday 1 Samuel 15, 16 1 Samuel 17 Thursday 1 Samuel 18 1 Samuel 19 Friday 1 Samuel 21 1 Samuel 22 Saturday 1 Samuel 24 * 22 Chapter 4 David, the King and Mellifluous Singer of Israel Theme: Those who are chosen by God for His purposes need not be ‘great’ people. They may be poor, or may have shortcomings. They should realize this and become humble and penitent before the Lord. The Lord will uplift such persons. Verse to be memorized: “As for God, his way is perfect; The word of the Lord is true. He shields all who hide behind him” (2 Samuel 22:31) NRSV Learning Aids: Five cobbles (cobbles used in war), The Holy Bible Introduction King David who was a mellifluous singer succeeded Saul as king. David’s family looked upon him as a stupid shepherd. But he was chosen by God to be king and he reigned successfully for forty eventful years over Israel. Let us learn about this great king today. Lesson The Bible first presents David as a young shepherd looking after the sheep of his father, Jesse (1 Samuel 16:11). The Lord had decided to reject Saul from Kingship (1 Samuel 16:1). The Lord commanded Prophet Samuel to invite Jesse and his sons from Bethlehem for a sacrifice and a personal meeting. Prophet Samuel did so (1 Samuel 16:5). He then anointed Jesse’s youngest son David as the King of Israel (1 Samuel 16:12). Later David was appointed the harp player at the palace (1 Samuel 16:18). King Saul liked David very much. David stayed in the royal palace. When an evil spirit tormented Saul, David would play the harp, and Saul would get relief and comfort (1 Samuel 16:23). Samuel had anointed David king of Israel without the knowledge of the reigning king and the people. It was his matchless victory over Goliath make him a popular leader (1 Samuel 17). The Philistines used to attack Israel. But David relying on God defeated their giant leader Goliath using his sling and stones. 23 David flees from Saul David achieved greater victories in war than King Saul. He earned the love and affection of Jonathan and others. Saul’s life and reign were much turbulent. Saul out of jealousy turned against David, but Saul’s son Jonathan came to his aid (1 Samuel 20:17). David had to flee from the palace (1 Samuel 20:24). David lived in caves and the desert for fear of Saul. David and Absalom After becoming King, David had to suffer a lot due to the rebellion of his son Absalom. Absalom destroyed the grain fields of general Joab who was the faithful aide of his father and King, David (2 Samuel 14:30). He also stole the hearts of those who came for judgement before the King and made them prejudiced against the King (2 Samuel 15:1-6). Moreover he also directly tried to attack and kill the King (2 Samuel 15:14). David went into hiding for fear of the prince and often faced poverty and misery (2 Samuel 15:30). He suffered taunts and humiliation (16:4-14) and had to pass through a period of distress (16:22). We should look upon the period of adversity in life as a period which teaches us how to encounter it (Compare John 16:33, Hebrews 11:29-39, 1 Peter 3:14). Psalm 51: The Song of Penitence of David Yet David had his own shortcomings and faults. 2 Samuel Chapters 10-12 tells us about David’s selfishness and sensuality. The murder of Uriah, the strong warrior was accomplished by David, only for the sake of taking Uriah’s wife for himself. This led to his downfall. However, David repented and returned to God in tears. Psalm 51, which is a psalm of penitence, is the expression of David’s repentance and cry before the Lord. David was the author of Psalms which have greatly influenced the spiritual life of a great many people. The Lord’s Promise David had earned the promise of succession to kingship from God through Prophet Nathan (2 Samuel 7:8-17). The fulfilment of this covenant is in Jesus Christ (Isaiah 11:1-16, St. Mathew 1:1). Martyr St. Stephen, in his long discourse, says that God blessed David greatly (Acts 7:46). The Greatness of David David was a neglected person among his brothers. But the Lord anointed him as the second King of Israel. His reign for forty years was a golden age for Israel. He 24 became the King of a vast empire which stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to the Euphrates River. He made Jerusalem the royal capital. He brought the Ark of the Lord to Jerusalem. Jesus Christ was called ‘Son of David’ because of the greatness of David’s Kingship. Lessons to be learnt from the life of David 1. The Lord might choose for his own purpose even those who are neglected by people. 2. The Lord accepts true penitence (ps. 51, St. Luke 15) David committed a very heinous crime. But God forgave and accepted him when he truly repented. The Lord loves both the just and the sinners. 3. The Lord is faithful in His promises. Jesus Christ was born in the irrevocable royal lineage of David and was called ‘Son of David’ due to the great promises which the Lord had given David. The birth of Jesus was the fulfilment of all promises that were scheduled to spring up through David, including the promise that the leader of God’s chosen people will be born in Bethlehem. We should remember all the promises that the Lord has given us through the Holy Bible. Hymn (This is part of the prefatory hymn beginning ‘O Blessed Mother…’ sung before the public celebration of the Holy Eucharist and given in the Matins for Tuesday in Sheema Prayer) When it dawned in East, full of rejoice… David went to pray, at the Lord’s Temple O Lord who redeems, this world full of sins Accept Thou my verse, prayers and tears Halleluiah-vu-Halleluiah O grant in kindness, pardon for my sins. 25 Let Us Pray O Jesus Christ, Son of David, have mercy on us. Help us to be grateful for Your blessings. Teach us to use our talents and possessions for the good of others. Enable us to glorify Your Name through our deeds. We shall praise You, Father and the Holy Spirit. Amen.................................................. Resolution We will believe in and rely on God in our lives. We would do good even to those who do us harm. We would faithfully execute the duties which the Lord gives us.................................................. Let Us Think 1. Name David’s father........................................................................................................................ 2. Name the musical instrument used by David........................................................................................................................ 3. What was David doing, when he was ‘called’ by God to be the leader of Israel?....................................................................................................................... 4. Name Saul’s son who was the best friend of David........................................................................................................................ 5. Whose grain fields did Absalom destroy?....................................................................................................................... 6. Who was Absalom who tried to kill David?....................................................................................................................... 7. The capital of King David........................................................................................................................ 26 8. The soldier killed treacherously by David........................................................................................................................ 9. How long did David reign as King?....................................................................................................................... Activities 1. Write a script of the battle between David and Goliath and enact it in the class. 2. Write a note on the administrative achievements of David and present it in the class. Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * 1 Samuel 16 Monday 2 Samuel 5 2 Samuel 1 Tuesday 2 Samuel 9 2 Samuel 11 Wednesday 2 Samuel 12 2 Samuel 15 Thursday 2 Samuel 18 2 Samuel 19 Friday 2 Samuel 24 1 Kings 1 Saturday 1 Kings 2 * 27 Chapter 5 Solomon, the Wisest of Kings Theme: Wisdom is a gift of the Lord. God fearing people attain it. Human being should not eschew justice and righteousness whatever his earthly stature might be. Verse to be memorized: “A wise teacher makes learning a joy; a rebellious teacher spouts foolishness” (Proverbs 15:2) NRSV. Learning Aids: 1. A picture of the incident which reveals Solomon’s wisdom. 2. Picture of the Jerusalem Temple. Introduction Solomon was the third king of Israel. He was the son of David and Bathsheba. The name means ‘One who is peaceful.’ Solomon was also called Jedidiah which meant ‘Beloved of Yahweh’ (2 Samuel 12:24). Today let us learn about king Solomon, the wisest of all kings. Lesson Birth and Childhood Solomon was born to King David while the latter was ruling over Israel with Jerusalem as his capital. The Lord loved Solomon. He grew up under the care of Prophet Nathan (2 Samuel 12:25). Absalom was David’s favourite for the throne. But Absalom’s rebellion and death improved Solomon’s chance of succession. Bathsheba had obtained a promise from King David that her son Solomon would be made the successor to the throne of Israel (1 Kings 1:3). The Wise Administrator The young prince who was anointed as King of Israel was not satisfied with his administrative heritage. He longed for true wisdom (1 Kings 3:9). He believed that ‘Fear of the Lord is true wisdom’ (Job 28:28) and prayed to the Lord only for wisdom rather than for material possessions, honour, massacre of enemies or health and longevity. “Give me an understanding mind so that I can govern Your people well and know the difference between what is right and what is wrong” (1 Kings 3:9) NRSV. The Lord was pleased with Solomon and gave him not only wisdom but also riches and honour in plenty (1 Kings 3:12-13). Solomon’s wisdom became well known in and around the country. He was an able administrator, and kings, queens and wise men from far away places (1 Kings 4:34 and 1 Kings 10:1) came to him to listen to his words of wisdom. 28 Solomon’s Ascendancy to Kingship David’s promise to Bathsheba and the interventions of Prophet Nathan made Solomon king. The reasons for Solomon’s ascendancy were: 1. Solomon feared the Lord and worshipped him. 2. He built the Lord’s temple (1 Chronicles 28:9, 10). During Absalom’s plotting, David was in exile. So Solomon too might have grown up in the hardships of his father’s exile (2 Samuel 15:16). Later Adonijah, another son of David, tried to usurp the throne. Then king David and prophet Nathan sent Solomon to Gihon, and Priest Zadok anointed him as king of Israel (1 Kings 1:13-34). A Wise and Judicious King Real leaders should have the ability to discriminate between good and evil. The incident of two women approaching Solomon with a child for justice is described in 1 Kings Chapter 3. Solomon was wise enough to sit in judgment and administer justice (Verse 28). Solomon’s wisdom was well known (4:29). The arrangements for food in the royal palace, the construction of the Lord’s temple (5:1-6:38) and the royal palace with its adjoining living quarters (7:1-12), description of gifts received from neighbouring countries (7:13 onwards), dedication of the Lord’s temple (8:1 onwards), the prayer and preaching of Solomon (8:14 onwards) and the description of Queen Sheba’s visit (10:1 onwards) reveal Solomon’s greatness as the wisest king in history. Spirituality and Righteousness Solomon, the beloved of the Lord, constructed and dedicated the Lord’s temple. He could lead his people in the path of righteousness. Solomon also received the promise of the Lord’s companionship and succession to the royal throne from the Lord. Solomon’s righteous life enabled him to excel in the administration of his land. His books of wisdom describes the righteous way of life. The Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, The Wisdom of Solomon and Ecclesiastes which uphold the values of daily life and the Song of Songs which describe the relationship between the Lord’s people and God reveal Solomon’s wisdom to us. But there were weaknesses too! Idol worship In later times, Solomon transgressed from the path of the Lord and sinned. He compromised in matters of faith and ethics, worshipped idols like Ashtoreth and Milcom (1 Kings 11:5) and adopted ritualistic practices of idolatry. These were the result of his association with the infidels. As an administrator, he expanded his territory and brought riches to his nation. Yet his excessive fondness for Jerusalem 29 and Judea and his neglect of Northern Israel are dark chapters of his reign (1 Kings 5:13-16, 2 Chronicles 2:17-18). By the end of Solomon’s rule, the kingdom was divided into two - Israel and Judea. Hymn (From the sacrament of Holy Matrimony) (Upamakalal Shlemon) Through similes, said King.... Solomon.... Your master.... would ever.... Love your ravishing beauty My Master; ideal than ten thousand ones... Israel is His orchard. He resides God - like in the... Tender sprouts of Jacob pure.... In the fragrant red - oil and Cedars soft - of Lebanon We all should praise Him who is renowned.................................................. Let us Pray O Lord, give us the wisdom to discriminate between good and evil and to choose the good. Don’t let our heart lean towards idolatry of any kind and destroy our faith. We praise and worship to Father, Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen.................................................. Resolution We will attend church services regularly and remain steadfast in the true faith of the Orthodox Church.................................................. Let Us Think 1. Who was the mentor of Solomon ?....................................................................................................................... 2. Solomon became king of Israel because of the death of David’s favourite son. Who was this son?....................................................................................................................... 30 3. Describe an incident which reveals Solomon’s wisdom........................................................................................................................ 4. Name the queen who came to test Solomon’s wisdom........................................................................................................................ 5. How did Solomon find out the real mother of the living child when two women came to him for justice?....................................................................................................................... 6. Who anointed Solomon as King? Where?....................................................................................................................... 7. Who built the first temple of the Lord?....................................................................................................................... 8. Which are the wisdom writings of Solomon?....................................................................................................................... 9. Name the book which reveals the relationship between God and His people........................................................................................................................ 10. What were the evil effects of the ‘transgression of Solomon?’....................................................................................................................... Activities 1. Write and enact the script of the incident which reveals Solomon’s wisdom. 2. Read 1 Kings 8 and list the directions given by Yahweh in building the Temple. 3. Read the wisdom writings of Solomon and identify the verses that appeal to you most. Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * 1 Kings 2 Monday 1 Kings 3 1 Kings 4 Tuesday 1 Kings 5 1 Kings 6 Wednesday 1 Kings 7 1 Kings 8 Thursday 1 Kings 9 1 Kings 10 Friday 1 Kings 11 Ecclesiastus 1 Saturday 1 Kings 12 * 31 Chapter 6 Resurrected Jesus Christ and Disciples Theme: Our Lord Jesus Christ got resurrected from the dead. The Resurrection of Jesus Christ is the foundation of Christian faith. His Resurrection forebodes the resurrection of all people. Verse to be memorized: So Jesus said to them again. “Peace to you! As the Father has sent Me, I also send you” (St. John 20:21) NRSV. Learning Aids: 1. The picture of Resurrected Jesus Christ and the disciples who witness his Resurrection. 2. A plain cross and a cross with the figure of crucified Christ. Introduction Jesus Christ coming back to life was a great miracle. Jesus Christ broke himself free from the shackles of death and resurrected. This is a historical truth. Today let us learn about the Resurrection of Jesus Christ and its impact on the disciples. Lesson The Crucifixion of Jesus Christ made his disciples fearful, panicky and insecure. They hid themselves from the public and assembled together at a secret place. Jesus came into their midst and greeted them “Peace be with you.” Then He showed them His hands and His side. The disciples became glad when they saw the Lord again. Then Jesus said to them again “Peace to You! As the Father has sent Me, I also send you.” Following this, Jesus Christ breathed on them and said: “Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven to them; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained” (St. John 20:23). What is recorded here is the first instance when the resurrected Jesus Christ appeared to His disciples. Those who were disappointed, sad and forlorn could experience the healing touch of Jesus Christ. The lack of faith, withdrawal and distress of His disciples slowly dissipated. Jesus breathed on the disciples who had lost their self confidence in the wake of fear and failure. Then he authorized them to forgive the sins of people and carry on the ministry of God the Father. Jesus was magnanimous enough to trust those who had disappointed him earlier. But the disciples could feel the Lord’s strengthening presence even in their uncertainties. The Gospels were written in the second half of the first century when the early Christians were going through tough times. But Christians were certain about 32 Resurrection. Even though we are witnesses to Christ’s Resurrection, we cannot do away with the cross. Jesus Christ invites us to experience Resurrection passing through the experience of the cross. Our Lord encourages us to rely on Him and live with the hope of eternal life. Let us sum up what we have learnt 1. If Jesus Christ had not resurrected from the dead, then we would have no hope of our Resurrection and life after life. 2. The Resurrection of Jesus Christ wiped out the power of death and Satan. 3. The basis of Christian life is the hope given by Christ’s Resurrection. 4. The Resurrection of Jesus Christ is for the sake of all. 5. Jesus Christ passed through death and came back to life, that is the Good News after death. 6. The real message of Resurrection is the redemption of creation in Jesus Christ. Hymn Re-joice O Holy Church that our Lord Jesus Arose alive on the third day from His tomb Killed all sin and death by His death on the Cross Removed the spear of angels by His Wound of Spear By His tomb – wiped the tomb’s rot off, Through Resurrection – gave us all, our lives Redeemed all our waywardness as He bore them up................................................. Let us Pray O Lord Jesus Christ who has resurrected for our sake, keep us steadfast in Your love. Increase our devotion for You. By virtue of our good deeds, let people come to believe in Your Resurrection and confess it. We would ever praise and worship You and Your Father and Your Holy Spirit. Amen.................................................. Resolution We believe that Jesus Christ has resurrected and is seated at the right of God the Father in heaven. So, we would ever remember the selfless love of Lord Jesus for us all. Also, would attend the liturgy of Resurrection at the Easter Sunday Service. 33 Let Us Think 1. What was the response of the disciples after the crucifixion and death of Jesus Christ?....................................................................................................................... 2. What was the first message given by the resurrected Jesus Christ?....................................................................................................................... 3. What was the initial reaction of the disciples when they saw the resurrected Jesus Christ?....................................................................................................................... 4. How did Jesus Christ give the Holy Spirit to His disciples?....................................................................................................................... 5. What agency represents the continuation of the mission of the resurrected Jesus Christ........................................................................................................................ 6. St. Paul asserts that faith and teachings do not make sense without Resurrection of Jesus Christ. Explain this statement........................................................................................................................ Activities 1. Let the children say to each other ‘He is risen’ and ‘Indeed He has risen’ as words of greeting and response. 2. Learn the proclamation of Resurrection and its response made during the liturgy on Easter. 3. Say “Jesus Christ died, but got resurrected and is alive” to your friends. Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * St. John 28:1-20 Monday St. John 15:11-19 St. John 16:1-8 Tuesday St. Luke 24:21-12 St. John 20:1-8 Wednesday 1 Peter 5:5-14 Romans 16:1-16 Thursday Acts 2:22-36 1 Corinthians 15:1-19 Friday St. Luke 24:13-35 St. John 2:18-25 Saturday St. Mark 15:37-47 * 34 Chapter 7 Journey to Emmaus (St. Luke 24:13-35) Theme: Lord Jesus Christ is always our fellow traveller. He is near to those who are broken hearted and in pain. Verse to be memorized: “I am with you always even to the end of the age” (St. Matthew 28:20) NRSV Learning Aids: 1. A map of Palestine (with Emmaus marked) 2. A picture of Jerusalem and its suburbs Introduction Imagine someone quite close to you dies unexpectedly. How will you react? Tragic situations generate sorrow and pain, disappointment and lack of security. Don’t they? What if any dead person comes back to life? Can you imagine the jubilation such an incident would bring? The crucifixion and death of Jesus Christ generated sorrow, fear and disappointment among the disciples. However Jesus Christ rose from the dead and appeared to them. Gradually, their fear left them. Lesson The incident which we learn today took place three days after the death of Jesus Christ. Several stories about Christ’s Resurrection had spread by then. The women who came with incense to apply on Christ’s body were the first to know about Christ’s Resurrection. When the disciples heard this news they were all the more frightened. On the same day two of the disciples travelled from Jerusalem to Emmaus. Emmaus was a village seven miles from Jerusalem. One of the two disciples was Cleopas. Actually, they were “running away” from Jerusalem, dejected, hopeless and fearful. They conversed and argued as they were walking. Jesus drew Himself near and walked with them. But their eyes were restrained so that they did not know Him (St. Luke 24:16). Jesus Christ enquired what the cause of their grief was? They told Him about Jesus. Cleopas said that Jesus Christ had been a Prophet mighty in his deed and word. However the chief priests and rulers condemned him to death and crucified Him. Cleopas also said that certain women of their company who had visited the tomb surprised them saying that they learnt from the angels that Jesus was alive. 35 Return to Jerusalem When the disciples talked to Jesus Christ, He scolded them for their ignorance and hard-heartedness. He expounded to them from the Scriptures about His Passion and Resurrection. However they did not realize that it was Jesus. In the evening they requested Him to abide with them. Jesus went with them. When they sat at the table for dinner, Jesus took bread, blessed and broke it and gave it to them. Then their eyes were ‘opened’ and they recognized Him. But Jesus vanished from their sight. They remembered how their heart ‘burned’ when Jesus had expounded the Scriptures to them while they were walking. They forgot where they had been heading to. They got up and returned to Jerusalem immediately. Now they had a different understanding about the Lord. Our lives will be transformed if we discover and listen to Christ in life. Those who discover Christ should live in virtue, goodness and say ‘No’ to sin. He walks along with us and protects us even if we don’t recognize him in our life situations. He knows what we need and is pleased to bless us with good things. Our Lord Jesus Christ won’t forsake us in adversities and failures of life. Holy Qurbana shall enable us to see and receive Christ. We should learn and meditate on the scriptures every day. We become true disciples of Christ only when we share what we have, with others. Hymn (The tune is same as that of ‘Blessed are those servants good…’) When two disciples through Jeru-salem travelled Jesus stood in their midst and asked – the question “How your teacher – lost His life and died” They replied that – He has Resurrected At the end of the trip He blessed, and broke bread For their sake – and they knew who He – really was Halleluiah – Halleluiah................................................. Let us Pray O Loving God, we adore You. You have revealed Yourself to us, lived with us and provided us with all we need in life. Even when we forget You, You continue to love us. Enable us to live in Your love, doing Your will and witnessing You before the world. Amen.................................................. Resolution So, we will seek God in situations of joys and sorrows in our lives. We truly believe that Jesus comes into us every time we partake in the Holy Body and Bread of Jesus Christ. 36 Let Us Think 1. Do you think the two disciples were fleeing from Jerusalem? If yes, why did they flee?....................................................................................................................... 2. How far is Emmaus from Jerusalem?....................................................................................................................... 3. What was the two disciples talking and arguing about, as they were travelling?....................................................................................................................... 4. Why did they not recognize Jesus?....................................................................................................................... 5. What did Jesus teach them to remove their confusion and doubts?....................................................................................................................... 6. What did Jesus do before giving bread to the disciples?....................................................................................................................... 7. According to you what did this blessed bread signify?....................................................................................................................... 8. What did the disciples do when they recognized Jesus Christ that evening?....................................................................................................................... Activities 1. Present a skit on the “Journey to Emmaus.” 2. Share your experiences in life, like the one that happened to the disciples on their journey. 3. Write in a note on what Jesus Christ did during his encounter with the two disciples. (Eg. He walked along with the disciples.) Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * St. Luke 24:13-35 Monday St. Luke 5:27-39 St. John 6:47-58 Tuesday 1 John 5:13-21 Hebrews 11:1-6 Wednesday St. Luke 24:36-53 Ephesians 4:1-16 Thursday Acts 1:1-11 St. Mark 16:1-20 Friday St. Mark 10:13-31 Acts 21:1-16 Saturday St. Matthew 10:17-22 * 37 Chapter 8 My Lord and My God (St. John 20:24-29) Theme: To understand the significance of the confession of faith by Apostle Thomas. Verse to be Memorized: Jesus said to him, “I am the way, the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me” (St. John 14:16) NRSV. Learning Aids: 1. A chart showing the names of apostles. 2. A picture of St. Thomas (placing his hand on the side of Jesus Christ) 3. Another chart containing 3 famous statements of St. Thomas Introduction Have you heard people talking about ‘doubting Thomas’? Science always demands proof for any phenomenon. But scientific convictions are liable to be revised. There is a fundamental difference between science and faith. Faith is based on one’s own convictions, which are strengthened by the spirit of God. In that way, scientific affirmations do not have a finality. Lesson Apostle Thomas was not with the other disciples when Jesus Christ appeared to them after His Resurrection (John 20:19-24). When the other disciples told Thomas about it, he said that he would not believe unless he could touch and feel the wounds of Jesus Christ (John 20:25). Unlike other disciples he wanted not only to see Christ but also to touch His wounds. This desire was caused by the intimacy he developed with Jesus Christ. Jesus appeared again to the disciples after eight days and fulfilled the special desire of his dear disciple Thomas. Since Resurrection of the dead was incomprehensible to ordinary intellect, the disciples needed to be convinced about it. Apostle Thomas was an ordinary person. Jesus showed His wounds to Thomas and confirmed his faith. St. Thomas is seen as a disciple with a difference. He had been ready to die along with Jesus Christ (St. John 11:16). He was also in the habit of raising his doubts openly (St. John 14:5). The curiosity shown by St. Thomas is a mark of his mature personality. Hence Jesus Christ allowed him to touch the wounds on His hands and side. The sincerity of Thomas endeared him to Jesus Christ. His touch on the Holy 38 One gave him a new vision of faith and led him to proclaim: “My Lord and my God.” It seems Thomas had a mystical experience. He was filled with the Holy Spirit. His declaration is acknowledged as an important dogma of faith of the Church. This proclamation states that Jesus was human and God at the same time. This was the defining moment in the life of Thomas. Earlier, Peter had declared that Jesus was Christ, the Son of the Most High. The proclamation of St. Thomas is inscribed on the emblem of the Malankara Orthodox Church. Finally Jesus calmly told Thomas that he believed because he saw the Master. But blessed are those who believe in Him, without ever having seen Him. He also advised Thomas to be a believer, and not an unbeliever. Hymn (This hymn is sung on the Sunday that comes after Easter. It’s sung after the Readings from the Gospels during the Holy Eucharist) Since he doubted, St. Thomas… dispelled all… doubts. Let his memory, ever be…cele-brated. Kneeling down he – confessed openly “You are doubtless – the Only… Son You are my God and my Lord, I confess” See that his memory is – observed in the church Halleluiah – Let his prayer guard us.................................................. Let Us Pray Lord Jesus Christ, bless us to touch Your wounds in faith as our Father St. Thomas did. Give us the wisdom to accept You as our God and our Lord. Amen.................................................. Resolution Jesus Christ is our God and the Lord of our life. We believe in God, even though we don’t see Him with our physical eyes; but we do really feel His presence with us. We would live as the children of St. Thomas and the witnesses of God. 39 Let Us Think 1. St. Thomas is the apostle of India. 2. The Christian Church was founded in India by St. Thomas 3. Jesus Christ respects our own desires provided they are sincere and legitimate. 4. We could be filled with the Spirit of God and speak about the mysteries of God. 5. The life of witness led by St. Thomas should be continued by us today. 6. St. Thomas is not an unbeliever but one whose love for his Master was great and tremendous. 7. Thomas was not present with the other ten disciples when the Resurrected Jesus first appeared. What do you think about his absence? Why did he go out? What do you think about the personality of Thomas?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8. What is the alternate name of St. Thomas? What does the name mean?.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9. Explain the meaning of Thomas’ declaration in your own words........................................................................................................................ Activities 1. St. Thomas declared that Jesus was human – God; ie. God incarnate. What could happen if God comes in His great glory? 3. Explain the meaning of Jesus’ statement. “Blessed are those who have believed, without having seen Him.” 4. Here are two categories: those who saw and believe, and others who never saw, yet believe. To which category do you belong. 5. Jesus wants us all to be believers, and not unbelievers. Why? How do we relate your answer with the mission of the church. Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * John 11:5-16 Monday John 14:1-11 John 20:1-23 Tuesday John 20:23-31 Acts 1:1-14 Wednesday John 12:28-13:10 Matthew 9:36-10:10 Thursday Matthew 19:16-30 Luke 6:12-23 Friday John 4:31-38 Hebrews 10:12-39 Saturday 1 Peter 2:19-25 * 40 Chapter 9 Jesus Appears to St. Peter (St. John 21: 15-23) Theme: A true disciple is one who follows and bears witness to Jesus Christ with his life and activities. Verse to be memorized: “Not everyone who says to Me “Lord, Lord’’ shall enter the kingdom of heaven but he who does the will of My Father in heaven’’ (St. Matthew 7:21) NRSV. Learning Aids: 1. A chart listing the instructions given to Peter by Jesus. 2. A picture of Jesus Christ talking to Peter. 3. A Picture of a shepherd tending his flock. Introduction Lack of steadiness is a weakness in one’s personality. Inability to reconcile words and actions is rather a serious defect in leaders. Steadfastness, hardwork, faithfulness as well as deep reliance on God are the usual characteristics of a mature personality. Lesson Jesus Christ had selected a fisherman named Simon of Galilee as one of his disciples. Simon was the brother of Andrew. Simon Peter tried to assert himself wherever he could. But he was a weak and unreliable man, while confronting critical situations (Mathew 16). Though Peter was the eldest among the twelve disciples, he had a vacillating nature. He had vowed that he would not deny his Master even if he were to die. However, he denied Christ three times at the most critical moment. Once he tried to dissuade Christ from taking the way of the Cross, (Matthew 16:22) and Jesus called him ‘Satan.’ After denying his Master, he realized his folly and cried bitterly (Matthew 26:75). However the resurrected Christ came in search of Peter! Here we have a moving description of Peter’s grief and repentance. After denying Jesus Christ Peter thought that he was “far away’’ from God. So he decided to return to his former profession of fishing. He encouraged the other disciples to join him, and they went to Lake Tiberias. They worked hard all night but could not catch even a single fish. At the break of dawn, Jesus was standing 41 on the seashore. But they did not recognize him. He asked them if they had got anything. But they said that they had caught no fish at all. Then Jesus asked them to cast the net on the right side of the boat, and lo! the net was full of fish! They could not even draw the net because of their big catch. John was the first to recognize Jesus (John 21:1-11). There were 153 big fishes in their net. When they reached the shore with their catch and the unbroken net, they saw their breakfast ready. They were too amazed to say anything. After they had eaten, Jesus asked Simon Peter “ Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me more than these?’’ Peter replied “Yes Lord, You know that I love You.’’ Then Jesus told him to feed His lambs. After that, Jesus asked, “Peter, son of Jonah, do you love me?” and Peter gave the same reply. Then Jesus told him to tend His sheep. Jesus asked the same question for a third time and Peter was grieved and was in tears. He replied “Lord, you know all things, You know that I love You’’. Then Jesus told him to feed his sheep. Thus Jesus reinstated Peter who had denied him thrice. Jesus readmitted him to the fold of apostles and restored to him the assigned work. Jesus asked Peter thrice whether he loved Him. It is obvious here that “love is the measure”. The resurrected Christ is always ready to touch our hearts and minds with His love and reclaim us from withdrawals and sins. Hymn (Vespers of Thursday - Canonical Offices) (Kripathan arayil) O Lord promote us like / the thief into Thy chamber of Mercy Accept our penitence,/ like that of the;/ tax collector/ and the sinner woman. Redeem sins as You/ forgave Simon who/had rejected thee. O merciful Christ / who pleases in the / contrite who comes with/ repentance to You.................................................. Let Us Pray O loving God, we praise You, as You have called and elected us to be part of Your Holy Church. Enable us to love You above everything and fulfil the responsibilities You have entrusted us with. Enable us to live as the faithful witness to Your love. We praise and thank You, Father and Holy Spirit. Amen 42 Resolution We would never reject the love of God. We would be faithful in executing the responsibilities God has entrusted us with. If we go wrong we would repent and beg forgiveness from God.................................................. Let Us Think 1. God’s love doesn’t deny us eventhough we deny Him. 2. God in His love will bring us back even if we drift into sin and selfishness. 3. God wants us to repent and return to Him. 4. God knows us, our needs and our desires completely. 5. Lord Jesus Christ provides for us even without our asking for it. 6. We are valuable in the eyes of God. That is why He has saved us. 7. God has sent us to this earth with a mission similar to the one He had given to Peter. We should try to discover what this mission is. 8. We have become members of God’s church through the sacrament of Holy Baptism and hence we cannot withdraw from this honourable condition. 9. Where did Peter come from?....................................................................................................................... 10. Simon was given the name Peter, by Jesus. Do you see a ‘message to Peter’ in this?....................................................................................................................... 11. Who brought Simon to Jesus?....................................................................................................................... 12. Name Peter’s Father........................................................................................................................ 43 13. Jesus asked the same question thrice. What do you think was the reason behind it?....................................................................................................................... 3. What did Jesus command Peter when he declared his love for Jesus the second time?....................................................................................................................... Activities 1. Reflect about the mission God has entrusted you with and write a note on it. 2. Prepare a skit based on the incident described in this lesson. 3. Write a chart of evidences of God’s love for you and your love for God. Further Reading Day Morning Evening Sunday * John 21:15-25 Monday John 9:1-16 John 15:1-19 Tuesday Luke 13:1-17 Matthew 16:1-20 Wednesday Matthew 20:1-16 Acts 1:1-14 Thursday Matthew 9:36-10:10 Luke 10:1-16 Friday 1 Peter 1:1-25 1 Peter 5:1-14 Saturday 2 Peter 3:1-18 * 44 Chapter 10 Ascension of Jesus (Luke 24:44-53, Matthew 28:16-20, Mark 16:19-20, Acts 1:1-11) Theme: Ascension marks the end of the period when Jesus Christ was physically present with His disciples before entering into heavenly glory. Hence Christ’s disciples and the Church was to live in expectation of His Second Coming. Verse to be memorized: “Men of Galilee, why do you stand gazing up into heaven? This same Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in like manner as you saw Him go into heaven’’ (Acts 1:11) NRSV. Learning Aids: 1. A picture of Israel with the mountain of Olive marked on it. 2. A Picture of Ascension of Jesus Introduction The resurrected Christ remained (seen and unseen) with the disciples for forty days. He appeared to them several times, dispelled their doubts and reclaimed the truants back to their mission. Jesus readmitted Peter who had denied Him and made confess his love for the Master. He let Thomas touch his wounds thereby confirming him in faith and mission. Thus the disciples were confirmed in their mission. They were freed from fear and disappointment and got strengthened in faith. Let us learn about Jesus’ ascension to His Father in heaven after promising to send the Holy Spirit on his disciples. Lesson Jesus Christ gathered his disciples on Mount Olivet which was a day’s journey away from Jerusalem. He commanded them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for the Promise of the Father and that they would be baptized with the Holy Spirit. After receiving the power of the Holy Spirit they were to bear witness of Christ in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria and to the end of the earth. As the disciples were looking on, Jesus Christ ascended to heaven and a cloud made Him out of sight for the disciples. While the disciples were looking up towards heaven as Jesus ascended, two men (angels) in white apparel came and stood beside them. They promised that Jesus who ascended to heaven would come again in glory. Thereafter the apostles returned to Jerusalem with great joy (Acts 1:6-12). Jesus Christ who ascended to heaven commands us to wait for getting 45 strengthened with power from God. The Holy Spirit empowers us. This strength which gives us fullness in virtues is provided in the Holy Church through anointment with Holy Chrism. While Jesus blessed His disciples, He departed from them (Luke 24:51). By blessing the disciples, Jesus was fulfilling a priestly function. Jesus Christ directed his disciples to wait for getting strengthened by the Sprit of God. He also promised them that He would be with them everyday till the end of the world. The Ascension of Jesus Christ did not disappoint the disciples. Instead, they returned to Jerusalem to wait for the promise of Jesus. The appearance and presence of Christ who had blessed them at the time of ascension strengthened the disciples to witness Christ; they were even joyful to suffer for the sake of the Master. Hymn (Galilee thannil melichu...) Gathered up in Galilee... Disciples... all eleven They saw the Resurrected Groom At- that- place... Climbing up Mount of Olives, Christ Blessed and ascended to skies And, send them the Holy Ghost For- their- aid.................................................. Let Us Pray O loving God, we praise You. You died on the cross, resurrected, ascended to heaven and lives eternally. You have given us the Holy Spirit as You had promised. Give us the strength to live filled with the Holy Spirit. Give us the wisdom to fulfil the responsibilities You have entrusted us with. We await your Second Coming. Amen................................................. Resolution We would execute the mission entrusted to us by Jesus Christ. We would participate in church services on the great day of the Feast of Ascension and live by the renewal of the Holy Spirit received through Holy Baptism. 46 Let Us Think 1. How far is the mount of Olivet from Jerusalem?....................................................................................................................... 2. What kind of ‘baptism’ did God the Father promise?....................................................................................................................... 3. How did the angels address the disciples?....................................................................................................................... 4. How many days after the Resurrection was Christ’s Ascension?....................................................................................................................... 5. What did the resurrected Christ command His disciples to do?....................................................................................................................... 6. We have received the anointment of the Holy S

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