Civil 3811 Lecture Slides - Week 9 PDF

Bamboo in construction ( Green Construction and Humanitarian Engineering) CIVL3811 Engineering Design and Construction School of Civil Engineering| Faculty of Engineering THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY Introduction Bamboo is emerging as a lightweigh...

Bamboo in construction ( Green Construction and Humanitarian Engineering) CIVL3811 Engineering Design and Construction School of Civil Engineering| Faculty of Engineering THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY Introduction Bamboo is emerging as a lightweight, versatile and renewable material that is projected to realise new methods of construction. There is a growing demand for using bamboo in different regions across the world. However, there are no specific design standards or guidelines that capitalise on the unique circular hollow cross section and internal nodal support of bamboo. Furthermore, there has been no strict analysis into how the curvature of bamboo members can help to better distribute stress through a structure. Bamboo is known as a more environmentally sustainable material than standard timber; however, due to the naturally occurring diaphragm nodal structure, it is less orthotropic in mechanical behaviour, with more out of plane stiffness than timber. https://architizer.com/blog/inspiration/collections/bamboo-pavilions/ Bamboo Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms Bamboo is a renewable sustainable material and its mechanical properties has some similarities to timber. It is a cost-effective and recommended material for ecology. The increased interest in bamboo as a structural material is driven from the perspective of sustainability. The material is fast growing and renewable, with strong structural properties. The material is not commonly used due to the non-homogenous cross-sectional shape and common irregularities. There are numerous characteristics which impact the structural properties of bamboo, including climate, topography, soil, altitude, cutting, treatment, age, stem and humidity. The variance of bamboo properties creates uncertainty in the applicable properties for analysis of a bamboo structure. https://www.glassonweb.com/article/structural-analysis-bending-bamboo-and-thin-glass Bamboo Compared to Sawn Timber The use of bamboo in construction presents some challenges in design, due to its flammable nature and material defects. However, due to its light weight and flexibility, the material is proven to be highly resistant to earthquakes and structurally strong, despite inconsistencies. The mechanical properties of bamboo vary along the length of the stems and radially in diameter, making it an anisotropic material and making it varied from usual timber applications. A comparison of material properties for specific species of timber and bamboo are compared in Table A to demonstrate the applicability of bamboo as a structural material. Table A indicates the relatively high capacity of bamboo compared to other sawn timber types relative to its density. This is a result of the natural structure of bamboo providing additional support perpendicular to the grain by way of diaphragms. Table A. Material properties for structural timber comparison https://ecofriend.com/20-stunning-examples-of-bamboo-architecture.html Design of Grid Shells Bamboo grid shells formed the design inspiration for the structural analysis and design research. A grid shell is composed of individual members connected to create a structural form which is light and strong, through a curved form-active structure. This type of structural form reduces the cost and complexity of frameworks associated with alternative shell structures. The designs of the bamboo structural systems are combined with thin glass as a cladding material between the bamboo members. This thin glass is cold bent on site and integrated with the structural form to overcome the inconsistencies in the bamboo structure. This material combination also allows for a waterproof sheltered structure with natural ventilation from the side openings. https://viejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40327-017-0051-4 Connection Type The connection between bamboo members in a grid shell is required to prevent the sliding or torquing of members, enabling a fixed joint. This connection also allows the transfer of forces between members. The crossing of members provides an inherent lateral support system, in effect distributing loads more effectively through the structure than conventional lateral restraint, such as bracing. The round hollow section of bamboo prevents the use of similar joints as other wooden structures. There are two optional solutions for the connection between bamboo members, including binding and bolted connections. https://www.giantgrass.com/2021/03/31/the-challenge-of-connecting-bamboo/  Structural Design Development of Preliminary Curved Bamboo Member Design Guidelines through Finite Element Analysis https://ecofriend.com/20-stunning-examples-of-bamboo-architecture.html Case Study - Structural System Design 1 Case Study - Structural System Design 2 Case Study - Structural System Design 3 The proposed research method Durable and environmentally friendly https://ecofriend.com/20-stunning-examples-of-bamboo-architecture.html Minimal waste production References