Chem 103 Exam 1 Study Guide PDF

CHE103 - Study Guide Exam 1 The “Things to Memorize” for the exam is given in the Class Notebook. Unit 1: Matter and Measurement At the end of unit 1, students should be able to: 1. Define chemistry and describe the three (common) states of matter....

CHE103 - Study Guide Exam 1 The “Things to Memorize” for the exam is given in the Class Notebook. Unit 1: Matter and Measurement At the end of unit 1, students should be able to: 1. Define chemistry and describe the three (common) states of matter. a. Define chemistry. b. Classify molecular art or a word description as a solid, liquid, or gas. 2. Classify matter by composition and classify a process as a physical or chemical change. a. Classify molecular art or a word description as a pure element, pure compounds, or mixture. b. Classify molecular art or a word description as depicting a chemical or physical change/property. 3. Report measurements using the metric units of length, mass, and volume and convert between metric prefix units. a. Memorize the metric prefix multipliers. b. Perform calculations using metric prefix multipliers. 4. Define significant figures and identify the number of significant figures in a measurement. a. Memorize the rules for what determines a significant figure in a measurement. b. Determine the number of significant figures in a value/measurement. 5. Determine the number of significant figures reported in addition/subtraction and multiplication/division problems. a. Apply the addition/subtraction rule to determine the number of significant figures reported in an addition/subtraction calculation. b. Apply the multiplication/division rule to determine the number of significant figures reported in a multiplication/division calculation. 6. Convert very large and very small numbers into scientific notation and vice versa. a. Convert a number in standard notation to scientific notation. b. Convert a number in scientific notation to standard notation. 7. Use conversion factors to convert one unit to another. a. Arrange conversion factors to convert an original quantity to a desired quantity. b. Perform conversion factor calculations. 8. Convert temperatures from one scale to another. a. Interconvert temperatures between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. 9. Define density and use density to calculate the mass or volume of a substance. a. Use the mass and volume of a substance to determine its density. b. Use the density of a substance to calculate mass and volume. Unit 2: Atoms and the Periodic Table At the end of unit 2, students should be able to: 1. Identify an element by its symbol and classify it as a metal, non-metal, or metalloid. a. Classify the elements in the periodic table as metals, non-metals, and metalloids. b. Know the names of the shaded elements in the “Things to Memorize” in the Class Notebook. 2. Describe the basic parts of an atom. a. Memorize the charge and location of protons, electrons, and neutrons. 3. Distinguish between isotopes. a. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons given an isotopic symbol. 4. Calculate the atomic weight of an element. a. Define atomic weight and calculate the atomic weight of an element given isotopic abundance and/or isotopic mass. 5. Describe the basic features of the periodic table. a. Locate elements given the period and group name/number. 6. Draw an electron-dot symbol for a Main Group Element atom. a. Determine the number of valence electrons for main group elements. b. Determine the typical number of covalent bonds formed by an element in a covalent/molecular compound. Unit 3: Ionic and Covalent Compounds At the end of unit 3, students should be able to: 1. Describe the basic features of ionic and covalent bonds. a. Determine if a compound contains ionic, covalent, or both types of bonds. b. Polyatomic ions possess covalent bonds and a charge. 2. Describe the octet rule. a. Define the octet rule and describe how it predicts chemical activity. 3. Define the octet rule and describe how it predicts chemical activity. a. Define cation and ion. b. Determine the ion symbol if given the number of protons and electrons. c. Determine the number of protons and electrons given an ion symbol. 4. Determine the charge of an ion using the group number and determine the charge of metals with variable oxidation states. a. Determine the ion symbol if given the number of protons and electrons. b. Determine the number of protons and electrons given an ion symbol of a transition metal. 5. Write formulas for ionic compounds. a. Determine the formula for an ionic compound given ion symbols. b. Determine the ion symbols given an ionic compound formula. c. Determine the formula for an ionic compound given ion symbols with polyatomic ions. d. Determine the ion symbols given an ionic compound formula with polyatomic ions. 6. Describe the properties of ionic compounds. a. Compare the physical properties of ionic compounds with covalent compounds. 7. Recognize the bonding characteristics of covalent compounds. a. Determine the typical number of covalent bonds formed by an element in a covalent/molecular compound.