Chapter 6: Human Skeleton and Tissue

# Chapter 6 * Adult human skeleton consist of 206 bones * Cartilage and bone tissues is a Dense Regular Connective Tissue * Cell of Bone is Osteocytes * Cartilage is Chrondocytes * The inside cavity is called Lacunae * Ligament is Bone to Bone * Tendon is Muscle to Bone The Three Type...

# Chapter 6 * Adult human skeleton consist of 206 bones * Cartilage and bone tissues is a Dense Regular Connective Tissue * Cell of Bone is Osteocytes * Cartilage is Chrondocytes * The inside cavity is called Lacunae * Ligament is Bone to Bone * Tendon is Muscle to Bone The Three Types of Cartilage is * HYALINE * ELATIC * FIBROUS Hyaline Cartilage * Most abundant type of cartilage * Forms the bulk of the SKELETON OF THE FETUS in-utero * Serve as supporting framework for the fetus Location * External nose * Tendons and ligaments that press on bone * Part of respiratory system (NASAL SEPTUM, LARYNX, TRACHEAL RINGS) Elastic Cartilage * More flexible than hyaline * Yellowish in fresh specimen * TYPE II COLLAGEN * The function is to Enable it to recoil to original shape when bent Location * Epiglottis * Auditory tube * Some parts of LARNYX Fibrocartilage * Can withstand greater stress than hyaline and elastic * White in fresh specimen * TYPE I COLLAGEN * The function is to Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock Location * Tendons and ligaments * Pubic symphysis * Glenoid and acetabular labra Growth of Cartilage * INTERSTITIAL GROWTH - Expands the cartilage WITHIN * ISOGENOUS CELLS - Heralded by the MITOSIS of young, the daughter cells APPOSITIONAL GROWTH * Function of perichondrium * Occurs when chondroblast in perichondrium, which differentiate from osteoprogenitor cells, lay down cartilage matrix on the outer surface of developing cartilage. * Growth in WIDTH Bone * comprise the bulk of the adult skeleton form a rigid framework for the body * Storehouse of calcium and phosphorus * house the bone marrow, where formed elements of blood are produced The function is to * Protect vital organ * Cranium protects the brain * Bony thorax protects the heart, lungs and other mediastinal structure. Types of Bone According to Shape * LONG BONES - Longer than they are wide and have a cylindrical shape * Example is DIAPHYSIS EPIPHYSIS MEDULLARY CAVITY * Short Bone * Cuboidal, with approximately equal length, width and thickness * Confined to the wrist and ankle * FLAT BONES * Seen in sternum, scapulae, many bones of the skul * IRREGULAR BONES * Vertebrae, hip bones, and the bones of the skull that are not flat * SESAMOID BONES * Those develop in tendons that rub bony structure Forms of Bone Tissue * Spongy Bone * Numerous spaces or cavities * 20-25% of body's total skeletal mass * Also known as CANCELLOUS or TRABECULAR BONE * Consists of numerous small interconnecting bone fragments * Compact Bone * Appears like solid mass * 75-80% of body's total skeletal mass.