Chapter 5. IP Addressing and Subnetting PDF

Chapter 5 IP Addressing and Subnetting  Outlines  IP Addressing  Types of IP Addresses  Portion of IP Address  Classes of IP Address  Special IP addresses  Subnetting  Variable length subnet mask 2  Supernetting  What is an IP Address?...

Chapter 5 IP Addressing and Subnetting  Outlines  IP Addressing  Types of IP Addresses  Portion of IP Address  Classes of IP Address  Special IP addresses  Subnetting  Variable length subnet mask 2  Supernetting  What is an IP Address?  An IP address is an address used in order to uniquely identify a device on an IP network.  The address is made up of 32 binary bits, which can be divisible into a network portion and host portion with the help of a subnet mask.  The 32 binary bits are broken into four octets (1 octet=1 byte = 8 bits).  The IP addresses are unique. 3  What is an IP Address?  IP Address works similar to the home address by the identification of that anything reaches to your house.  To communicate in the network each electronic device uses IP address.  To identify the network size these IP address is categorized into various classes.  All these types of IP address is assigned to the organizations, businesses or government 4 operations.  Versions of IP Addresses  IPV4 (Internet Protocol Version 4)  IPv4 address is structured as 32 bits  IPV4 is the most popular protocol in use today  we are nearly out of the four billion addresses available in IPv4  IPV6 (Internet Protocol Version 6)  IPv6 addresses are 128 bits in length and are made up of hexadecimal characters.  IPv6 could be the solution to many problems posed by IPv4 5  Versions of IP Addresses 6  IP Configuration of an Interface 7  IP Addressing 8  IP Addressing Schemes. There are two ways to represent the IP Addresses:  Binary Notation: Base 2  Dotted-Decimal Notation: Base 10 9  IP Addressing Schemes. Binary Notation: Base 2  In binary notation, an IPv4 address is displayed as 32 bits.  An IPv4 address referred to as a 32-bit address, a 4-octet address (8 bits in each).  Example of an IPv4 address in binary notation 01110101 10010101 00011101 11101010 10  IP Addressing Schemes Dotted-Decimal Notation: Base 10  For us in the human network, a string of 32 bits is difficult to interpret and even more difficult to remember.  Therefore, IPv4 addresses are represented using dotted decimal format. 11  IP Addressing Schemes Because each byte (octet) is only 8 bits, each number in the dotted- decimal notation is between 0 and 255. 12  IP Addressing Schemes  Change the following IP address from binary notation to dotted-decimal notation. 10000001 00001011 00001011 11101111  Solution 129.11.11.239 13  IP Addressing Schemes  Change the following IP address from dotted-decimal notation to binary notation: 111.56.45.78  Solution 01101111 00111000 00101101 01001110 14  IP Addressing Schemes  Find the error in the following IP Address 111.56.045.78  Solution There are no leading zeroes in Dotted- decimal notation (045) 15  IP Addressing Schemes  Find the error in the following IP Address 75.45.301.14  Solution In decimal notation each number is