Chapter_4.pptx

Chapter 4 Animal Rights and Animal Welfare 4-1 Introduction • This chapter covers the history of animal rights and animal welfare in the United States • Important dates and acts of legislation associated with animal welfare will be discussed • You will be presented with current issues concerning...

Chapter 4 Animal Rights and Animal Welfare 4-1 Introduction • This chapter covers the history of animal rights and animal welfare in the United States • Important dates and acts of legislation associated with animal welfare will be discussed • You will be presented with current issues concerning animal rights and animal welfare 4-2 History DEFINITIONS • Animal welfare advocates • • • • • Animals should be treated humanely Proper housing Nutrition Responsible care Proper handling • Discomfort is kept to a minimum Cont. 4-3 History DEFINITIONS • Animal rights advocates • • • • • Animals should not be exploited Ethically, morally, and inherently wrong Against vivisection Against experiments with diseases Against various therapy methods being studied Cont. 4-4 History DEFINITIONS • Modern animal rights movement • • • • • Began in the early 1970s Philosophers and theologians Vegetarians and vegans Animal Liberation “March for the Animals” Cont. 4-5 History DEFINITIONS • Laws • • • • • • First laws to protect farm animals, 1641 First anticruelty law, 1828 ASPCA formed, 1866 Animal Transportation Act, 1906 Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act, 1990 Horse Protection Act, 1970 Cont. 4-6 History DEFINITIONS • Animal Liberation Front • Animal rights activist group • Laws to protect facilities and workers • Animal Enterprise Protection Act, 1992 • Animal fighting laws • Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 4-7 Current Issues DO ANIMALS HAVE RIGHTS? • Animal rights activists • • • • • Same rights as humans Reflects a bias Specieism Wrong to use animals for food or experimentation Humans are supposed to care for and protect Cont. 4-8 Current Issues DO ANIMALS HAVE RIGHTS? • Animal welfare advocates • • • • • Treated humanely Without cruelty Can be used in research Cared for humanely Used only when no other alternatives exist 4-9 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR FOOD? • Animal rights activists • • • • • • Farming is inhumane Eating meat is unhealthy “Factory farming” Physiological problems Behavioral problems Diseases and ailments Cont. 4-10 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR FOOD? • Changes in farming practices • • • • Turn-around stalls Free-range systems for sows Group housing for sows Alternatives to confinement cages for chickens 4-11 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR EXPERIMENTATION? • Three areas of experimentation • • • Research in biomedical and behavior sciences Testing of products for their safety Education in which animals are used for demonstrations and dissection Cont. 4-12 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR EXPERIMENTATION? • Areas attacked by activists Pound seizures Draize Eye Test Skin Irritancy Test Dissection of animals LD50 Test Psychological research Cont. • • • • • • 4-13 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR EXPERIMENTATION? • Medical advances • • • • • Organ transplants are now possible New drugs Vaccines Surgical techniques Insulin Cont. 4-14 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR EXPERIMENTATION? • Animals used in testing is declining • Animal Welfare Act • 3 Rs • • • Replacement Reduction Refinement • Alternatives 4-15 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR EXPERIMENTATION? • Biomedical research • • • • • • • HIV/AIDS Cancer Asthma Vaccines Antibiotics High blood pressure Organ transplants Cont. 4-16 Current Issues SHOULD ANIMALS BE USED FOR EXPERIMENTATION? • Animal agriculture and medical research • Cattle • • Epinephrine Thrombin • Swine • • Heart valves Thyroid extracts 4-17 Current Issues SHOULD HUNTING AND TRAPPING BE ALLOWED? • Animal rights activists • • • • • Recreational hunting and trapping is inhumane and unnatural Inflict suffering Joy of killing Stop the use of dogs for hunting Hunting for food no longer necessary 4-18 Current Issues SHOULD HUNTING AND TRAPPING BE ALLOWED? • Hunting advocates • • • • • • Finance game research and management Leaders in the concern for the welfare of wildlife Have identified problems such as pollution Protect rare and endangered species Establish and enforce wildlife laws Establish wildlife research 4-19 Summary • The terms animal rights and animal welfare are not synonymous • Animal rights advocates believe that animals should have the same rights as humans • Animal welfare is the position that animals should be treated humanely • More than 7,000 groups are involved in animal protection; 400 of these are considered animal rights groups 4-20