Chapter 28 SAFETY HC(2).pptx

Chapter 28 Safety, Security, and Emergency Preparedness Factors Affecting Safety Developmen tal Social Lifestyle consideratio behavior ns Sensory Environment Mobility...

Chapter 28 Safety, Security, and Emergency Preparedness Factors Affecting Safety Developmen tal Social Lifestyle consideratio behavior ns Sensory Environment Mobility perception Ability to Physical and Knowledge communicat psychosocial e health state  Focus of Safety Assessments THE PERSON THE SPECIFIC RISK ENVIRONMEN FACTORS T  Nursing History ASSESS FOR NOTE BE ALERT TO OBTAIN HISTORY OF ASSISTIVE HISTORY OF KNOWLEDGE FALLS OR DEVICES. DRUG OR OF FAMILY ACCIDENTS. ALCOHOL SUPPORT ABUSE. SYSTEMS AND HOME ENVIRONMEN T.  Physical Examination Assess mobility status. Assess ability to communicate. Assess level of awareness or orientation. Assess sensory perception. Identify potential safety hazards. Recognize manifestations of domestic violence or neglect.  Factors That Contribute to Falls Lower body weakness Poor vision Gait and/or balance issues Problems with feet and/or shoes This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND Use of psychoactive medications Postural dizziness Hazards in the home  Risk Factor Assessments Falls Fires Poisoning Suffocation and choking Firearm injuries This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA  Patient Outcomes for Safety Identify real and potential unsafe environmental situations. Implement safety measures in the environment. Use available resources for safety information. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC Incorporate accident prevention practices into ADLs. Remain free of injury. Health Teaching in the Schools Monitor the child’s use of the Internet. Get involved in school activities and ask pertinent questions. Volunteer for safety committees that include staff and parents. Ensure that the school’s emergency preparedness plan is current. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC Nursing Responsibilities in Home Safety: Education and Counseling Safety Devices to Prevent Falls  Safety Considerations for Neonates Avoid behaviors that might harm the fetus. Never leave the infant unattended. Use crib rails. Monitor setting for objects that are choking hazards. Use car seats properly. Handle infant securely This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY while supporting the head. Place infant on back to sleep.  Considerations for Toddlers/Preschooler s Supervise child closely to prevent injury. Select toys appropriate for developmental level. Use appropriate safety equipment in the home. Never leave child alone in bathtub. Childproof home environment; prevent poisoning. Be alert to manifestations of This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND child maltreatment or abuse. Use car seats properly. Teach about fire safety/practice emergency evacuation measures.  for School-Aged Children Help to avoid activities that are potentially dangerous. Provide interventions for safety at home, school, and neighborhood. Reinforce teaching about symptoms the require immediate This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC attention. Continue immunizations as scheduled.  Indications of a Concussion Physical: headache, vomiting, problems with balance, fatigue, dazed or stunned appearance. Cognitive: mentally foggy, difficulty concentrating and remembering, confusion, forgets recent activities. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed Emotional: irritability, under CC BY-NC-ND nervousness, very emotional behavior. Sleep: drowsiness, difficulty falling asleep, sleeping more or less than usual.  Safety Considerations for Adolescents Teach safe driving skills and avoiding distracted driving. Teach avoidance of tobacco and alcohol. Emphasize gun safety. Follow healthy lifestyle. Teach about sexuality, STIs, and birth control. Get physical examination before participating in sports. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND Teach risk of infection with body piercing and tattoos. Teach about guns and violence. Discuss dangers associated with the Internet. Safety Consideration for Adults Remind them of effects of stress on lifestyle and health. Enroll in defensive driving course. Counsel about unsafe health habits (reliance on drugs and alcohol). Evaluate workplace for safety. Counsel about domestic violence.  Safety Plan for Victims of Domestic Abuse Safety while living with an abusive partner. Safety planning with children. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Safety planning for pets. Safety planning during pregnancy. Leaving a relationship.  Safety Considerations for Older Adults Identify safety hazards in the environment. Modify the environment as necessary. Attend defensive driving courses or courses designed for older drivers. Encourage regular vision and hearing tests. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY Ensure hearing aids and eyeglasses are available and functioning. Have operational smoke detectors in place. Objective document and report  Preventing Falls Targeted Solutions Tool® (TST®) Falls Toolkit Safety Falls Prevention Training Improvemen Program t Strategies Root Cause Analysis (RCA) This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND  Hendrich II Fall Risk Model Fall Scene Hourly Root Get Up Investigatio patient cause and Go ns (FSI) rounding analysis Test (RCA)  RACE R—RESCUE A—ACTIVATE C—CONFINE E—EVACUATE ANYONE IN THE FIRE THE FIRE BY PATIENTS IMMEDIATE CODE AND CLOSING AND OTHER DANGER. NOTIFY DOORS AND PEOPLE TO APPROPRIAT WINDOWS. SAFE AREA. E PERSON.  Procedure-Related Accidents/Possible Errors Administering medications or intravenous solutions. Transferring a patient. Changing a dressing. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC Applying external heat to a patient’s extremity  Safety Event Reports Must be completed after any accident or incident in a health care facility that compromises safety. Describes the circumstances of the accident or incident. Details the patient’s response to the examination and treatment of the patient after the incident. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND Completed by the nurse immediately after the incident. Is not part of the medical record and should not be mentioned in documentation.  Physiologic Hazards Associated With Restraints Increased possibility of serious injury due to fall Skin breakdown Contractures Incontinence Depression Delirium Anxiety This Photo Aspiration and respiratory Unknown by Author is difficulties licensed under CC BY-NC-N D Death. Types of Restraints Used for Adults and Children  Maintaining Emergency Preparedness Addressing biological threats. Addressing chemical threats. Addressing radiation threats. Addressing cyber terror Preparing for mass trauma terrorism. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Identifying disaster resources. Addressing psychological aspects of disasters.  Chemicals Used for Mass Destruction #1 Biotoxins Blister agents/vesicants Blood agents Choking/lung/ pulmonary agents Blood agents licensed under CC BY-SA Incapacitating agents This Photo by Unknown Author is Long-acting anticoagulants  Chemicals Used for Mass Destruction (CONT) Metals Nerve agents Organic solvents Riot control agents/tear gas Toxic alcohols This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC Vomiting agents  Disaster Triage Color Codes In Nursing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gotDtw5rXIc&t=20s (10:30) Triage Color Code Guide. ONE MINUTE NURSE ACTIVITI ES PREP U ACTIVITIES  Question #1 Tell whether the following statement is true or false. Among older adults, fires are the leading cause of injury fatality. A. True This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA B. False  Answer to Question #1 Answer: B. False Rationale: Among adults older, falls are the leading This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA cause of injury fatality.  Question #2 Tell whether the following statement is true or false. A nurse whose behavior is reasonable and prudent and similar to the behavior that would be expected of another nurse in similar circumstances is still likely to be found liable if a patient falls. A. True This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA B. False  Answer to Question #2 Answer: B. False Rationale: A nurse whose behavior is reasonable and prudent and similar to the behavior that would be expected of This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC another nurse in similar circumstances is unlikely to be found liable if a patient falls, even if injury occurs.  Question #3 Which action is a priority emphasized in the RACE acronym guide to fire safety? A. Run to the nearest fire alarm. B. Act in a calm manner to prevent panic. C. Confine the fire by opening doors and windows. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA D. Evacuate patients and other people to a safe area.  Answer to Question #3 Answer: D. Evacuate patients and other people to a safe area Rationale: The RACE acronym includes the following priorities: Rescue anyone in immediate danger. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND Activate the fire code and notify appropriate person. Confine the fire by closing doors and windows. Evacuate patients and other people to a safe area.  Question #4 Tell whether the following statement is true or false. A side rail is considered a restraint even if the patient asks for it to be raised to assist in getting into and out of bed. A. True B. False This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA  Answer to Question #4 Answer: B. False Rationale: A side rail is not considered a restraint if the patient requests that it be raised to aid in getting in or out of bed. Some patients may request that side rails be used at night This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND while they sleep so that they may feel more secure. The patient must be able to raise and lower the side rail on one’s own.