CHAPTER 1.pdf

CHAPTER 1. COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION APRIL RIVERA-AQUINO Communication in context What is communication for you? Think of an object that can best represent what communication is to you. Activity 1. Go over the definitions of communication which are presented in your module and...

CHAPTER 1. COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION APRIL RIVERA-AQUINO Communication in context What is communication for you? Think of an object that can best represent what communication is to you. Activity 1. Go over the definitions of communication which are presented in your module and identify the common or recurring elements across these definitions. There are common elements across definitions of communication: 1. Communication is the exchange of ideas between and among communicators. 2. Communication usually involves more than one person. 3. Communication is a continuous process. There were times when communication was modeled as one-way (Aristotle Model of Communication) but this failed to captured the dynamicity of communication. There are common elements across definitions of communication: 4. Communication happens when there is a mutual understanding between and among the communicators. When meaning has been understood as it was intended to, communication is deemed successful. 5. Communication uses words and symbols to communicate meaning. FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION 1. REGULATION/CONTROL -imperative actions like requests and commands -aimed at influencing the behavior of others. FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION 2. SOCIAL INTERACTION Communication functions as a medium of social interaction. It is used to navigate societal relationships, whether to strengthen or weaken it. FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION 3. MOTIVATION -expression of desires, wants, likes, dislikes, aspirations, interests, choices, and dreams of a person -can be intrapersonal FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION 4. INFORMATION -the giving and getting of information -giving information using declarative statements, rhetorical questions, and imperatives *It is important that the information relayed in this communication exchange is accurate and clear. Further, there is the principle of reciprocation. FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION 5. EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION -refers to the use of expressions such as love, fear, anger, joy, hope, or any other emotion FIVE TYPES OF COMMUNICATION Verbal Communication Non-verbal Communication Written Communication Listening Visual Communication Group work. Reflection. Think of the question posed below. In five sentences, share your answer to the question. In a visual society and with visual people, how do you communicate effectively? Make a list of the things you do to communicate effectively. Present it in class. Group work. Reflection. Think of the question posed below. In five sentences, share your answer to the question. In a visual society and with visual people, how do you communicate effectively? Make a list of the things you do to communicate effectively. Present it in class. Barriers of Communication Physical Barriers Cultural Barriers Physiological Language Barrier Barriers Perceptual Gender Barriers Barriers Interpersonal Emotional Barriers Barriers Case no. 4 Project Soar, a multinational company, is working on a new project that requires collaboration between teams from different countries. The project starts with a virtual meeting with USA, Japan, Brazil, and Germany team members. The team is diverse in culture, language, gender, and roles within the company. John (USA), Project Manager; Yumi (Japan), Software Developer; Carlos (Brazil), Marketing Specialist; and Anna (Germany), Financial Analyst meet for a virtual meeting. Case no. 4 John starts the meeting with a high-energy presentation, speaking quickly and using a lot of idioms. He perceives that everyone is as excited and comfortable with the fast pace as he is. Yumi, Carlos, and Anna find it hard to keep up. Yumi, in particular, struggles to understand the idioms, and Carlos feels that John is not considering the team’s different communication styles. During the meeting, John directly asks Yumi for her opinion on the project. Yumi hesitates, giving a vague response, which John misinterprets as a lack of knowledge or confidence. Carlos and Anna have had previous disagreements over budget allocations in past projects. This tension creates an atmosphere of mistrust, making it difficult for them to collaborate effectively. They avoid discussing budget concerns openly, leading to potential financial mismanagement. Case no. 4 Carlos is fluent in English but struggles with some technical jargon that John and Yumi use. Additionally, Anna’s strong German accent sometimes makes her difficult to understand. Carlos misses some key points about the technical requirements, leading to misunderstandings about the project’s needs. Anna feels frustrated when she has to repeat herself multiple times. Anna recently received criticism from her manager about her performance, making her feel insecure. She is now hesitant to voice her ideas during the meeting, fearing further criticism. Anna holds back valuable input that could help the project, limiting the team’s creativity and problem-solving potential. Case no. 4 During the meeting, John unintentionally talks over Anna and Yumi, focusing more on Carlos, whom he subconsciously views as more assertive. Anna and Yumi feel marginalized, leading to reduced participation and a sense of inequality within the team. The Internet connection quality is poor for Yumi in Japan. The video keeps freezing, and the audio is choppy, making it difficult for her to follow the conversation. Yumi misses critical information and feels disconnected from the discussion. The meeting ends without a clear consensus. The team members feel disconnected and frustrated, and the project’s progress is hindered. CASE no. 5 What is Ethical Communication? Ethical communication is defined as the practice of exchanging information in a manner that is truthful, accurate, and respectful of others. It encompasses a range of core principles including honesty, integrity, fairness, and respect. What is Ethical Communication? Ethical communication is defined as the practice of exchanging information in a manner that is truthful, accurate, and respectful of others. It encompasses a range of core principles including honesty, integrity, fairness, and respect. Case no. 6 Strategies for Navigating Ethical Dilemmas Honesty: Always aim for truthful communication, even when the information is unfavorable. This builds credibility and trust over time, forming a solid foundation for lasting stakeholder relationships. Respect: Acknowledge the autonomy and rights of all parties involved. This includes respecting privacy, confidentiality, and the right to informed decision-making. For instance, when dealing with sensitive employee data, utmost care should be taken to safeguard personal information, only sharing what is necessary and with consent. Strategies for Navigating Ethical Dilemmas Responsibility: Recognize the impact of your communication on others. Before disseminating information, consider the potential effects on employees, customers, and the wider community. For example, when faced with a product recall, prioritize the well- being of consumers in your communication strategy, focusing on immediate and transparent information sharing to mitigate risks. Case no. 7 You are part of the communications team at a mid-sized financial consulting firm. Recently, a major client discovered that the firm inadvertently provided inaccurate financial advice that led to minor losses. The mistake was due to a miscalculation by one of the junior analysts. The firm’s CEO has called a meeting with the communications team and proposes issuing a press release that downplays the error, focusing instead on the firm’s overall positive performance and long-standing reputation. The CEO believes that admitting to the mistake openly could harm the firm’s reputation and lead to a loss of clients. However, some team members argue that full transparency is necessary to maintain the firm’s credibility and trust with clients and the public. Others worry about the potential fallout and suggest a more measured approach, acknowledging the error only if it becomes public knowledge. Case no. 7 Tasks Analyze the situation considering the core values of ethical communication: honesty, respect, and responsibility. Develop a plan for how the communications team should handle this situation. Consider different perspectives and the potential short- and long-term consequences of each approach. Decide on the content of the press release and any other communication strategies the firm should employ. Case no. 8 Imagine you are part of a student organization at your university that actively uses social media to promote events and engage with the student body. Recently, a controversial post was shared on the organization’s official social media account. The post, which was intended to spark discussion on a sensitive social issue, has received mixed reactions. Some students support the post, while others are offended, accusing the organization of being insensitive. The post has gone viral, attracting attention both within and outside the university. The university administration has contacted your organization, expressing concerns about the negative publicity and urging you to address the situation immediately. Case no. 8 Tasks: Analyze the ethical implications of the situation, considering the principles of honesty, respect, and responsibility. Develop a strategy for how the organization should respond to the backlash. This includes deciding whether to delete the post, issue an apology, clarify the intent, or take other actions. Consider the potential short- and long-term consequences of each possible action on the organization’s reputation, relationships with students, and its standing within the university. Prepare a detailed response plan, including the content of any public statements, the method of communication, and how to engage with both supporters and critics. Communication and Culture  Culture is a defining feature of a person's identity, contributing to how they see themselves and the groups with which they identify. Culture refers to the patterns of behaviour and thinking that people living in social groups learn, create, and share.  Culture distinguishes one human group from others. It also distinguishes humans from other animals. A people’s culture includes their beliefs, rules of behaviour, language, rituals, art, technology, styles of dress, ways of producing and cooking food, religion, and political and economic systems. Culture is a defining feature of a person's identity, contributing to how they see themselves and the groups with which they identify. Individual Activity Cultural Identity Map Objective: The purpose of this activity is to help you explore and reflect on the various elements that contribute to your cultural identity. By mapping out these elements, you will gain a deeper understanding of how culture influences your perspectives, communication styles, and interactions with others. Instructions: Define Cultural Identity: Begin by reflecting on what "cultural identity" means to you. Consider the factors that shape who you are, how you view the world, and how you interact with others. Create Your Cultural Identity Map: Create a visual map of your cultural identity. Include various elements that you believe contribute to who you are. Some categories to consider: Language(s) Spoken, Ethnicity/Nationality, Religion/Spiritual Beliefs, Family Traditions, Values and Beliefs, Social Class, Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, Hobbies and Interests, Education, Geographical Location (where you grew up/live), Political Beliefs, Media Preferences (books, movies, music), Experiences Abroad/Travel, Community Involvement Draw Connections: Use lines, arrows, or other visual connectors to show how different aspects of your cultural identity are related or influence one another. Consider how these elements interact to form your overall identity. After creating your Cultural Identity Map, answer the following questions: Which elements of your cultural identity do you feel are most significant? Why? How do you think your cultural identity influences your communication style? Are there any aspects of your cultural identity that you feel are in conflict with one another? How do you navigate these conflicts? How does your cultural identity shape the way you view people from different cultures? How might understanding your own cultural identity help you communicate more effectively in a multicultural environment? Culture may be broadly defined as the sum total of ways of living built up by a group of human beings, which is transmitted from one generation to another. Culture may be broadly defined as the sum total of ways of living built up by a group of human beings, which is transmitted from one generation to another. Characteristics of Culture Culture is Culture is made of shared. symbols. Culture is Culture is learned. adaptive. Group Activity 3 Discuss the similarities and differences between your maps. Consider how different cultural identities can lead to diverse perspectives and communication styles. After your group discussion, what do you think are the components of your cultural identities that fall under the different characteristics of culture? Make a table or a diagram to capture the connection of your cultural identity markers with the four characteristics of culture. Cultural Misunderstanding (Always put [consider] culture in context) 1. Pepsi’s “Come Alive” Campaign in China Scenario: In the 1960s, Pepsi launched a campaign with the slogan “Come Alive! You’re in the Pepsi Generation.” However, when translated into Chinese, the slogan was interpreted as “Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the dead.” Miscommunication: The cultural difference in the perception of the afterlife and respect for ancestors led to confusion and offense among the Chinese audience. Cultural Misunderstanding (Always put [consider] culture in context) 2. The Chevy Nova in Latin America Scenario: Chevrolet introduced its car model "Nova" in Latin America without considering the linguistic implications. In Spanish, "No va" means "It doesn’t go.“ Miscommunication: Potential customers associated the name with a car that doesn’t run, leading to poor sales. Cultural Misunderstanding (Always put [consider] culture in context) 3. Gerber’s Packaging in Africa Scenario: Gerber, a baby food company, used its standard packaging with a picture of a baby on the label in Africa. However, in some African countries, it’s common to see pictures of the contents on the label because many people are illiterate. Miscommunication: Consumers mistakenly thought the jars contained baby food made from actual babies, leading to a drastic drop in sales. Cultural Misunderstanding (Always put [consider] culture in context) 4. The U.S. State Department's Social Media Blunder Scenario: In 2017, the U.S. State Department tweeted an image of a giant cheeseburger in honor of “National Cheeseburger Day.” The tweet received backlash from Muslim-majority countries where pork (often included in cheeseburgers) is forbidden, especially during religious periods like Ramadan. Miscommunication: The cultural insensitivity of the tweet led to widespread criticism, damaging diplomatic relations. Cultural Diversity Awareness Questionnaire Purpose 1. To identify your attitudes and perspectives regarding cultural diversity 2. To help you become aware of and understand your prejudices and biases 3. To help you understand the potential consequences of your approach to diversity in the workplace Directions 1. Read each statement and circle the number that best describes your belief or behavior. 2. Be as candid as possible with your responses; there are no right or wrong answers. Globalization What does globalization mean? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJ0nFD19eT8&t=30s  Globalization The increasing economic, political, and cultural integration and interdependence of diverse cultures (Gamble and Gamble, 2013)  Globalization The increasing economic, political, and cultural integration and interdependence of diverse cultures (Gamble and Gamble, 2013 ) What causes globalization? Improved Improved transport systems technology Growth of Growth multinational of global companies media Case 9 The Life Cycle of a T-Shirt https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BiSYoeqb_VY What is the impact of globalization and technology on communication?  Technology provides us with unlimited information. It creates opportunities for meeting new people. It helps us keep in touch with family and friends anywhere in the world. It brings new diversity to our culture and our lives. It fosters better cooperation among different cultural groups. It isolates us. It can make us create second lives.  Technology provides us with unlimited information. It creates opportunities for meeting new people. It helps us keep in touch with family and friends anywhere in the world. It brings new diversity to our culture and our lives. It fosters better cooperation among different cultural groups. It isolates us. It can make us create second lives. Issues/Concerns about Globalization and Communication 1. Cultural 7. Cultural Appropriation Misunderstandings 8. Language Barriers 2. Loss of Cultural Identity 3. Information Overload 4. Digital Divide 5. Privacy Concerns 6. Economic Disparities Group Activity 4. Panel Presentation. Research about the assigned issue to your group. Find its definition and examples. Brainstorm among your group members and come up with possible solutions to the issue. Keep in mind that your proposed solutions can address the issue, they are research-based, and concrete. Group Activity. Prepare a presentation for the class with the following parts: Definition of the Term Presentation of examples (at least 3) Proposed Solutions (at least 2) Group Activity. During the presentation, please refrain from simply reading the slides. Do not overload the slides with a sea of text. Use key words and phrases. The explanations must come from the presenters.  Diversity The recognition and valuing of difference, encompassing such factors such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, ability, religion, education, marital status, sexual orientation, and income  Diversity The recognition and valuing of DIFFERENCE, encompassing such factors such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, ability, religion, education, marital status, sexual orientation, and income End of lecture ☺