Chapter 1-5 Badminton PDF

Chapter 1 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT BADMINTON Introduction Badminton first originated in India during the 18th century where it was called “Poona”. It was played by that name until the 1870’s. Our modern day version of the game came from England. Records describe the game with wooden paddles and sh...

Chapter 1 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT BADMINTON Introduction Badminton first originated in India during the 18th century where it was called “Poona”. It was played by that name until the 1870’s. Our modern day version of the game came from England. Records describe the game with wooden paddles and shuttlecock being played in ancient China, on the royal court of England Specific Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: - Trace the history of badminton. - Discuss the nature of the game. - Analyze the development of the game badminton. - Appreciate the contribution of different countries to the development of the game - Duration = 2 hours Chapter 1: General Information about Badminton (1 and 30 minutes discussion; 30 minutes assessment) Lesson Proper Lesson 1: Brief History of the Game  The earliest form of the game was played in China about 2,000 years ago.  The modern form was derived from India known as “Poona”” which flourished the city of the same name.  In England had their own version known as the “Battledore” a game involving a racket or paddle and shuttlecock that was played in 14th century?  The game was played in an hour glass shaped court which remained unchanged until in 1901, which was converted to rectangular shape.  The first National Badminton Association was founded in 1893, which is the English Badminton Association (EBA) followed by the adaption of the rules in 1905. In the same year was the New York Badminton Club exists.  The Badminton World Federation (BWF) is the body for the international event.   The premier International Men’s Team event was the “Thomas Cup” established in 1984 and for the women’s event was the “Uber Cup” founded in 1956.  The governing body of badminton is IBF (International Badminton Federation) as it was originally called, was established in London, on 5 July 1934 with nine founding member associations.  The Laws of Badminton was published by the IBF on July 01, 1994. Lesson 2 Nature of the game Badminton is played as a singles or doubles game with one or two players on a side. The objective of the game is to hit the shuttlecock or “bird” back and forth with a racket across a net five feet high at its center. The bird should be hit with such speed and accuracy that the opponent is unable to return the shot successfully. The game can either be fast or slow paced, depending on the skill level of the players. Lesson 3 Recent Development The Badminton World Federation (formerly International Badminton Federation) was established in 1934 with Canada, Denmark, England, France, Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland and Wales as its founding members, the BWF now governs international badminton and develops the sport globally. As of 1993, the BWF has grown to 120 national organizations in as many countries. Major IBF sanctioned events are the Men’s World Team Badminton Championship for Thomas Cup, the ladies World Team Championships for Uber Cup. The World Individual Championships; World Mixed Doubles for the Suderman Cup and the World Grand Prix Finals. Currently the best players in the world come from China, Europe, and Malaysia, Indonesia and South Korea and Dominate competitions on the international level with China domination in recent years. Indonesian players won both men’s and women’s single at the 1922 Olympic. Indonesia also won four in the five events in the 1994 World Championships. Badminton is presently the numbers one sports in Great Britain. The immediate future for both professional and amateur badminton players appear to be very bright. The Philippines participates in various tournaments and send a badminton team to Asian Games. Badminton is becoming increasingly popular in the Philippines both for seriously and casual recreation. Chapter 2 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT Introduction Badminton is a sports racket that is played with a shuttlecock or birdie as a projectile and where the players are separated by a net that divides the court into two equal parts. Points are scored by landing the shuttle on your opponent’s side of the court. Badminton is played as an outdoor sport in several parts of the world. However, to fully enjoy its potential, badminton should be played indoors where the wind cannot compromise the flight of the shuttle. Specific Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: - Illustrate/ draw the correct dimension of the badminton court. - Identify the facilities and equipment needed in playing badminton. - Familiarize the specifications of the different equipment in playing badminton. Duration Chapter 2:: Facilities and Equipment = 2 hours (1 and 30 minutes discussion; 30 minutes assessment) Lesson Proper 1. Racket – Badminton racket is quite light and can be made of steel, aluminum, graphite or carbon. A synthetic racket is quite popular now because of its extreme lightness and strength. The overall dimension of rackets cannot exceed 26 ¾ inches in length by 9 inches in width and length of the head (the part of the frame holding the string in place) cannot exceed 11 ½ inches. Badminton racket weighs roughly 98-100 grams (3 ½ to 5 ½ oz.). PARTS OF THE RACKET Stringed Area – is extended to hit the shuttle. It is of uniform pattern and does not exceed 280 mm. (11 in.) in length and 220 mm. in width. Head– bounds the stringed area. Throat – connects the shaft to the head. Shaft – connects the handle to the head. Handle – is intended for a player’s grip Frame – includes the head, the throat, the shaft and the handle. It is no more than 680 mm. or wider than 230 mm. 2. Shuttlecock – is the official name given to the shuttle or bird. It is made up of 16 goose feathers and is firmly fixed in a leather covered cork head. It weighs from 4.74-5.50 grams. It may be made of feathers, plastic or nylon. TYPES OF SHUTTLECOCK Feathered Shuttle – consists of 16 goose feathers. Its length is 62-70 mm. It must be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable materials. Synthetic shuttlecock - simply refers to a shuttlecock that is made of artificial or man- made materials. Synthetic shuttlecocks are the counterparts to feathered shuttles, which are made of natural feathers from the left wings of ducks or geese. Cork or Base – shall be 25-28 mm. in diameter, and is rounded on the bottom. 3. Court –courts can also set outdoors, competitive badminton is generally played in door where the wind will not affect the shuttle. The official badminton court is 44feet long by 20 ft. wide, while the singles court is 44 feet long by 17 ft. wide. The ceiling height should be 30 feet for official game and 24feet for instructional game. The floor surface have traditionally wood, but many synthetic and plastic court have been developed. 1. The court shall be a rectangle and laid out with lines 40mm wide 2. The line shall be easily distinguishable and preferably be colored white or yellow. 4. Posts – the posts should stand 1.55 m. (5 ft., 1 in.) in height from the surface of the court. They must be placed on the doubles sidelines. For singles as well as for doubles, they must also be firm to take the necessary tension when the net is strained across to its full height. There should be no gap between the post and the net through which a shuttle could pass. This can be ensured by the use of hooks down the inside of the ports and a draw-cord along the bottom of the net. 5. Net – At all times, this should be strained tightly so that its height from the floor is 1.524 (5 ft.) long at the post. A measuring rod should be kept by the umpires chair to facilitate regular testing to ensure the net is still and its correct central height and has not sagged. It made of fine cord of dark color and even thickness with a mesh not less than 15mm and not more than 20mm. Chapter 3 RULES, REGULATIONS AND TERMINOLOGIES OF THE GAME Introduction According to badminton rules and regulations for doubles, the side of doubles that win a rally adds a point to its score. When both sides reach 20 all, the side which gains a 2-point lead first, wins that game. When both sides reach 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game. Specific Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: - Familiarize oneself with the basic rules and regulations in playing badminton. - Apply the basic rules in different game situations. - Duration Chapter 3: Rules, regulations and Terminologies of = 2 hours the Game (1 and 30 minutes discussion; 3 minutes assessment) Lesson Proper RULES AND REGULATIONS  Court and Net – The official court measures 44 feet long by 20 feet wide for doubles game and 44 feet long by 17 feet wide for singles game.  Net: The net is the barrier tied across the center of the court dividing it into two equal halves, each measuring 22ft by 20ft. The net is 5ft high at its center.  Baseline: It is the back boundary line, which is parallel to the net and farthest from it.  Short service line: It is a line 6ft 6in from the net, which the serve must reach to be legal. This line marks the non- volley zone or fore- court of the playing area.  Long service line: The line, which the serve should not cross, to be legal is called the long service line. The base line or the back boundary line serves as the long service line for the singles play. A line two and a half feet inside the baseline serves as the long service line for doubles.  Center line: It is a line running perpendicular to the net from the short service line to the baseline dividing the court into equal left and right service courts.   Side line: It is the outer boundary line beyond which the shuttle should not fall to be considered legal. The side line for doubles is one and a half feet outer to the singles side line.  Players – the players are those persons or individual taking part of the game: one player on each side of the court for singles and two for doubles game.  Tossing for Serve - before the game begins a player from each end or side shall “toss for serve”. A coin or a shuttle can be toss to determine the first serve and the receiver. The side winning the toss will have the option to choose from service or receive.  Scoring – the rally point system is used in scoring the badminton game. This means any fault committed by the serving or receiving team gain point. a. Love – designate a score of zero b. Love-all – is called when both opponent’s o teams have a score of zero c. In Side – is called for the serving player or team d. Out Side – is called for the receiving player or team e. Game point – is the point that a server result won for winning the game f. Match point – All double games, as well as singles, a player will win 21 points.  Setting the Score – if the score tied at 20 all, the side that first scored shall have the choice of “setting” or “not setting” the game.  Change of Ends – Players change ends of the court at the beginning of the second game and at the beginning of the third game if the third game is necessary, in the third game, players change ends when either player first reaches in a game 21 point game. If the players forget to change ends as prescribe by the rule, they should do so as soon as the mistake is discovered.  Service  The server and the receiver must stand with both feet inside diagonally opposite service courts.  A serve must be an underhand stroke with shuttle below the server’s waist at the moment of the contact.  The movement of the server’s racket must continue forward after the start of the service until shuttle is contacted.  Faking or feinting is not permitted and such illegal motion is called balk.  The shuttle must pass over the net and land in the receiver’s service court, which includes all lines bounding the court. Officials and Appeals: 1. The Referee is in overall in charge of the tournament or event of which a match forms part. 2. The umpire, where appointed, is in charge of the match, the court and its immediate surrounds. The umpire shall report to the referee. 3. The service judge shall call service fault made by the server should they occur 4. A line judge shall indicate whether a shuttle is ‘in’ or ‘out’ on the line(s) assigned 5. An official’s decision is final on all points of fact for which that official is responsible TERMINOLOGIES:  Backcourt – area of the court between the doubles long service line and the singles long service line.  Baseline – the back boundary line at each end of the court.  Bird – a commonly used name for the shuttlecock.  Block – the process of placing the racket in front of the shuttle so the shuttle simply rebounds into the opponent’s court.  Carry – the momentary, and illegal, holding of the shuttle on the racket during a stroke.  Center line – the line from the baseline to the short service line dividing the court into sides.  Doubles - A match where there is two players on each of the opposing side.  Double hit – an illegal action in which a shuttle is hit twice in succession on the same stroke.  Drive – a fast, low shot that travels parallel to the floor and to the sideline, passing over the net close to the net cord.  Drop shot - a soft, finesse stroke hit with very little speed with passes over the net close to the net to the net cord and falls into the opponent’s forecourt.  Flick – the speeding up of the shuttle with a quick action of the wrist.  IBF – the International Badminton Federation, established in July, 1934; the governing body for badminton worldwide.  Kill - a fast downward shot that usually cannot be returned.  Let – the legitimate cessation of play which allows an exchange or rally to be replayed.  Love, Love-all - A term indicating no score. Used at the beginning of a game and after a game has been set.  Match – The basic contest in the badminton between a opposing side each of 1 or 2 players  Mid-court – The area of the court from the short service line to the doubles long service line.  Player - any person playing badminton.  Point - the smallest unit of scoring can be scored through faults.  Rally - two or more players hitting a shuttle back and forth across the net during practice or play.  Receiver - The player in the court diagonally opposite from the server whom the service will be made.  Server - the player who puts the shuttle into play.  Short service - A service attempt that fails to reach the short service line. A fault.  Singles – A match where there is one player on each of the opposing sides.  Smash - A hard shot hit with an overhead stroke and directed downward sharply; the games chief attacking stroke. Chapter 4 PREPARING YOUR BODY FOR BADMINTON ACTIVITY Introduction A warm up generally consists of a gradual increase in intensity in physical activity (a "pulse raiser"), joint mobility exercise, and stretching, followed by the activity. For example, before running or playing an intensive sport, athletes might slowly jog to warm their muscles and increase their heart rate. It is important that warm ups be specific to the activity, so that the muscles to be used are activated. The risks and benefits of combining stretching with warming up are disputable, although it is generally believed that warming up prepares the athlete both mentally and physically. In a meta-study of 32 high quality studies, about four-fifths of the studies showed improvements in performance. Warm-up programs can improve the strength of the knee muscle, which, in turn, may decrease injuries. Specific Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: - Explain the importance of warm-up and stretching exercise; - Demonstrate the proper procedure for warm-up and stretching exercise; and, - Appreciate the contribution of warm-up and stretching exercises in preventing muscle injury while playing badminton. Duration Chapter 4: Preparing your Body for Badminton = 2 hours Activity (1 hours discussion; 1 hours assessment) Lesson Proper LESSON 1 THE WARM-UP ACTIVITIES For any type of sports, it is very important to always warm up before engaging fully into the activity. This is because of the muscle of the body are a lot more elastic and durable when they are gradually heated rather than when they are immediately thrust into intense work. This makes the muscles more resistant to injury. Furthermore, warmed up muscle can react to changes more quickly, such as contracting and relaxing when needed, thus, overall performance of the body is enhanced.  Cooper (1990) and Le Beouf (2009) recommends that the first goal is to select and complete a set of exercise that gets your muscles warmed-up and ready for the game. Your warm-up exercises might include the use of some exercise machines. STRETCHING EXERCISES Stretching When you playing sports or doing exercises you must do warm up properly. Stretching prepares the body for exercise, increases your range of motion and prevents muscle imbalances that can lead to serious injury. It is also important to cool down after practice to recover your body quickly. WARM-UP ROUTINES A. Warm up 1. Jogging in place for 30 sec. 2. High knee jog for 10 sec. 3. Forward and Backward step for 10 sec. 4. Step sideward back and forth 10 sec. B. For safety, follow the stretching guide. * Stretch and hold it for 10 seconds * Select stretching exercise that work on your muscle groups. * Slowly stretch to the point of tension, and should not feel pain * Focus on your breathing while stretching * Don’t bounce while doing stretching C. Dynamic Warm-up It is defined as a series of movement drills performed in a progressive, deliberate sequence from low to moderate intensity. * Marching in place while swinging your arms (20 reps) * Jumping Jacks (10 reps) * Walking jacks (10 reps) * Arm circles and shoulder shrugs (10 reps) * Swinging toe touch (10 reps) * Leg swing (forward and side to side) 10 reps) * Hip Rotation (like stepping over a fence) (10 reps) * Hip circle (like you’re hula hooping) (10 reps) * Bodyweight squats (10 reps Chapter 5 BASIC SKILLS OF BADMINTON Introduction Badminton is sport in which it is easy to learn some basic skills nut is very difficult to master. It can be fun for all ages, simply hitting the bird in a high arc back and forth over the net. To develop a high degree of skills, however, you must be prepared to practice as much as for golf and tennis. A skilled player has not only learned the strategy of the game, but has improved his/her hand-eye coordination, agility, balance, kinesthetic awareness, muscular strength, and aerobic fitness. Specific Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: - Identify the different basic skills in badminton. - Demonstrate the proper way of executing the badminton skills. - Appreciate the benefits derived from using the appropriate skills in badminton game Duration Chapter 5: Badminton Basic Skills = 2 hours (1 and 30 minutes discussion; 30 minutes assessment) Lesson Proper Lesson 1 GRIPPING THE RACKET GRIP– It is a proper or correct way of handling of the racket. TYPES OF GRIP  Forehand Grip (handshake) - hold the racket by the shaft with the non-racket hand, keeping the racket face perpendicular to the court and pointing away the body.   Backhand Grip- Known as the “thumb-up” grip. From the forehand grip, turn the racket slightly to the right, for a right- handed player, and place the thumb along the parallel to the back side of the handle. Lesson 2 FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS STROKE The term stroke and shot are sometimes used interchangeably, but authority in the game use the word stroke to refer striking patterns. TYPE OF STROKE Forehand Stroke - Refer to any shot stuck on the racket side of the body. Underhand Underhand Backhand Stroke – are shot struck on the side Forehand Backhand away from the racket/left side for right-handed, right side for left-handed. Mechanical Action in Forehanded and Backhand Stroke in Badminton. Backswing – involves all movement of the racket away from the target. Hitting Action – includes all forward motion until the racket contacts the shuffle. Follow-Through - involves all movement from control contact until the player is back in a position to wait the opponent’s next shot. Underhand Stroke - When the approaching shuttle is low in front of the player or below net level. Overhand Stroke – Use to return the shuttle with a high trajectory coming from the opponent’s court when the shuttle gets behind you. Sidearm Stroke – if the opponent’s uses a drive (fast low shot with flat trajectory) to hit the shuttle parallel to either sidelines or you reach it at a height between your waist and your shoulder, return it with a sidearm stride. Lesson 3 FOOTWORK Footwork includes the stance you assume while waiting for the opponent.  Ready Position, -the steps you take in getting into position to stroke the shuttle.  Moving into Hitting Position, - the relationship of the feet during the hitting action.  Footwork during the Hitting Action - and returning to base before your opponent hits again (footwork during recovery). Moving position of badminton ( footworks step pattern ) Side Step (Chasse) https://youtu.be/3E1Ac8z71M8 This type of step formation can be used to move to any corner of the court, and does allow players to move further and faster, especially towards the net. The next phase is to move the non-dominant foot up behind and slightly closer to the corner, so the back leg is slightly crossed behind the front leg. Then once again move the racket leg forward in the direction of the shuttle, and extend the racket arm out in front of the body. Moving back: If a player wants to move back towards the backhand side then the first stage is to take the dominant foot back towards the corner they want to move to. The next stage is to bring the non-dominant foot back and behind the dominant, so that the non-dominant foot is closest to the net and the side that they are traveling. The dominant foot should then take another step back towards the corner and because players can travel further with each step this should take them into the corner, so no extra steps have to be made. Lunge https://youtu.be/Q2TVTvMixis The lunge is frequently used in badminton. For the purpose of the drill start in the ready position and then stretch the racket foot out. Making sure that the heel touches the floor first place the racket foot on the ground, then move to the toes. Bend the knee of the racket foot taking care to keep the shoulders back and balanced above the hips. Use the non- racket arm behind the body to balance the move. During game play the player may need to incorporate a sidestep or a Cross -Over Step to move across the court. Scissor kick Part 1https://youtu.be/WnbUuke_yz8 Part 2 https://youtu.be/K8tVISxjBrw This type of step formation can be used to deliver a powerful shot from the back of the court. In this shot the legs switch position in mid-air resembling the closing and then opening of scissors. It is often preceded by a chasses step, so the player will find they are still moving backwards when the jump is started. Stage one is to jump straight off the ground, then swap your dominant foot with your non dominant foot in mid-air with the non-dominant foot landing momentarily before the other. Service  The server and the receiver must stand with both feet inside diagonally opposite service courts.  A serve must be an underhand stroke with shuttle below the server’s waist at the moment of the contact.  The movement of the server’s racket must continue forward after the start of the service until shuttle is contacted.  Faking or feinting is not permitted and such illegal motion is called balk.  The shuttle must pass over the net and land in the receiver’s service court, which includes all lines bounding the court. Chapter 6 BADMINTON DRILLS Introduction Doing some simple Badminton Drills will have a great bearing in you becoming a better player. Just by playing games alone will not be enough. Spend some time and effort in your Badminton Training. You'll become a better Badminton Player. A feeder drill is when someone feeds you shuttles to improve your skills and speed. A feeder can serve to you the shuttle or throw to you shuttle. Specific Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: - Identify the different badminton drills; - Demonstrate the different badminton drills; and - Appreciate the importance of the different badminton drills. Duration Chapter 5: Badminton Dills = 2 hours (1 and 30 minutes discussion; 30 minutes assessment) LESSON PROPER Lesson 1 DIFFERENT SUGGESTED BADMINTON DRILLS 1. WALL RALLY DRILL  The wall rally drill or wall practice, as popularly called among badminton players. It is a drill where a player should stand in front of the wall and continuously hit the shuttle on the wall.  A player can start with their forehand and aim to hit the shuttle as many times as possible on the wall.  The wall being a hard surface offers a lot of resistance and no bounce at all. Due to this, you have to hit the shuttle hard enough and even with some direction in mind. Ensure that it actually comes back towards you.  The shuttle needs to be guided by you correctly. Hit on the wall in such a manner that you can keep on going 20 to 30 to 50 times without stopping.  The wall rally drill can be performed anywhere and you do not need to depend on other players to be present. You do not even need to go to the badminton court, you can perform this rally anywhere.   Take an old shuttle and hit it against the wall. Hit the shuttle with your forehand and backhand, straight or diagonal. It can be used for practicing almost every stroke. It is a good way to improve footwork, strengthen the arm and wrist muscles used in badminton.  The wall should be at least 20 feet high to accommodate clears. The practice will be more effective if you can show the height of the net with a chalk line or a string, 5 feet above the ground. 2. SHADOW BADMINTON DRILL  Shadow badminton is one of the most effective badminton exercises that most players seems to have overlooked. It is very beneficial in a lot aspects in the game if it’s done properly. It’ll improve your court endurance, speed, and anticipation, timing and physical condition. Here are a few tips to keep in mind before you begin. - All you need to do these drills is an open area and your badminton racket. - Shadow badminton drills are footwork-focused, so don’t worry about your shot motions too much. Just focus on using your racket to simulate the general motions you’d use in-game. - As a guideline, practice these drills three times per week for 30 minutes. You can adjust this recommendation to fit your current fitness level. - Remember to keep your center of gravity low. You want to be standing with your knees slightly bent, keeping yourself at a comfortable level so you can react quickly. - Don’t lean back on your heels. You should be slightly on your toes most of the time. - Focus on your landings after each footwork motion. Acing your landings means you can return to the starting position as fast as possible. Footwork: -Shadow Badminton  This is a drill which is used to improve on moving around the court. The person on the right side will point to a corner which the other must follow. 3. MULTIPLE SHUTTLES – OVERHEAD STROKES  The feeder plays the shuttle into different areas of your backcourt. You will the use your forehand, backhand or around the head to play the clears, drop shots or smashes.  Return to your base position after each shot. Footwork + Shot: Overhead Stroke (multi shuttle)   There will be a feeder who will lift the shuttlecock to the back of the court and the person returning the shot will need to return with any shots.  This drill is for increasing speed and accuracy of getting from one side of the court to the other and at the same time play a shot. It will help with a real game situation, for example this drill can help when the opponent can lift from the back right side to the back left side. 4. MULTIPLE SHUTTLES – NET PLAY  Again, you will need a lot of shuttles for this routine.  The feeder throws the shuttles to your net area. You will then decide whether to play a net shot, a net kill or a net lift with your forehand or backhand.  Return to your base position after each shot. Footwork + Shot: - Net Play (multi shuttle)  This drill works the same way as the overhead stroke (multi shuttle) drill, there will be a feeder and another person who will work on their net play footwork at the same time as they are practicing the net shot. Lesson 2 IMPORTANCE OF DIFFERENT BADMINTON DRILLS Wall Rally Drill  Wall practice plays a big role in strengthening one’s arm and forearm. Continuously hitting the shuttle on the wall will load the muscles that are used in sending the shuttle across the net. Shadow Badminton  This is a drill helps to improve on moving around the court  It is very beneficial in a lot aspects in the game if it’s done properly. It’ll improve your court endurance, speed, and anticipation, timing and physical condition. Multiple Shuttles- Overhead strokes  This drill helps in increasing speed and accuracy of getting from one side of the court to the other and at the same time play a shot. It will help with a real game situation, for example this drill can help when the opponent can lift from the back right side to the back left side Multiple Shuttles-Net play  This drill involves practicing different net shots and interceptions, which helps in improving a player's net play skills and strategy.  It also helps in developing their ability to read and anticipate their opponent's shots.