Chapter-01.pdf

Course Code: CC101 (Introduction to Computing) Prepared by: JACKILYN B. BACCAY, LPT, MIT Discovering Computers 2012 Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Ob...

Course Code: CC101 (Introduction to Computing) Prepared by: JACKILYN B. BACCAY, LPT, MIT Discovering Computers 2012 Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Objectives Overview Define the term, Explain why computer computer, and describe Describe the five literacy is vital to the relationship components of a success in today’s world between data and computer information Discuss the advantages Define the term, and disadvantages that Discuss the uses of the network, and identify users experience when Internet and World benefits of sharing working with Wide Web resources on a network computers See Page 3 2 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 for Detailed Objectives Objectives Overview Distinguish between system Differentiate among types, Describe the role of each software and application sizes, and functions of element in an information software computers in each category system Explain how home users, Discuss how society uses small office/home office computers in education, users, mobile users, power finance, government, users, and enterprise users health care, science, each interact with publishing, travel, and computers manufacturing See Page 3 3 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 for Detailed Objectives A World of Computers Computers are everywhere Pages 4 - 5 4 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-1 What Is a Computer? A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory Collects Produces data Processing information (input) (output) Information Processing Cycle Page 6 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 5 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 6 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 7 Input Process Output Give me a real life situations or daily-life chores in your home that exemplify the Input-Process-Output cycel Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 8 A brief History of Computers Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 9 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 10 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 11 Generation Inclusive Year Characteristics and Description First Generation Second Generation Third Generation Fourth Generation Fifth Generation Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 12 The Components of a Computer A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware Input Device Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer Output Device Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that System Unit are used to process data Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage Storage Device media Communications Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and Device information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices Pages 6 - 8 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 13 The Components of a Computer Page 7 14 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers Advantages of Disadvantages of Using Computers Using Computers Speed Health Risks Reliability Violation of Privacy Consistency Public Safety Storage Impact on Labor Force Communications Impact on Environment Pages 9 - 10 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 15 Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer Strategies include: – Recycling – Regulating manufacturing processes – Extending the life of computers – Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers Page 10 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 16 Networks and the Internet A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media Pages 10 - 11 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 17 Figure 1-6 Types of Network Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 18 Networks and the Internet The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Page 11 19 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-7 Networks and the Internet People use the Internet for a variety of reasons: Communicate Research and Shop Bank and Invest Online Trading Access Information Entertainment Download Videos Share Information Web Application Pages 12 - 13 20 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-8 Networks and the Internet A social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users Page 14 21 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-9 Computer Software Software, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them System Software Operating system Utility program Application Software Pages 15 - 16 22 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-10 - 1-11 Computer Software Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware Pages 16 - 17 23 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-12 Computer Software A programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information Page 18 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 24 Figure 1-13 Categories of Computers Personal computers Mobile computers and mobile devices Game consoles Servers Mainframes Supercomputers Embedded computers Page 19 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 25 Personal Computers A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple – Desktop computer Pages 19 - 20 26 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-15 - 1-16 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Mobile Mobile Computer Device Personal computer you Computing device small can carry from place to enough to hold in your place hand Examples include smart Examples include phones and PDAs, e- notebook computers, book readers, handheld laptop computers, computers, portable netbooks, ultra-thins, media players, and and Tablet PCs digital cameras Pages 20 - 23 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 27 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Notebook computer Tablet PC Smart phones and PDAs E-book reader Pages 20 - 22 28 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-17 – 1-20 Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices Handheld computer Portable media player Digital camera Pages 22 - 23 29 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-21 – 1-23 Game Consoles A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games Page 24 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 30 Figure 1-24 Servers A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network – Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information Page 25 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 31 Figure 1-25 Mainframes A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously Page 25 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 32 Figure 1-26 Supercomputers A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer – Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second Page 25 33 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-27 Embedded Computers An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product Consumer Home Automation Process Controllers Computer Devices Automobiles Electronics Devices and Robotics and Office Machines Mobile and digital Thermostats Antilock brakes Remote monitoring Keyboards telephones Sprinkling systems Engine control systems Printers Digital televisions Security modules Power monitors Faxes Cameras monitoring systems Airbag controller Machine Copiers Video recorders Appliances Cruise control controllers DVD players and Lights Medical devices recorders Answering machines Page 26 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 34 Embedded Computers Page 26 35 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-28 Elements of an Information System Hardware Software Data People Procedures Page 27 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 36 Elements of an Information System Page 27 37 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figure 1-29 Examples of Computer Usage Home User Small Office/Home Mobile User Personal financial Office User Connect to other computers management Look up information on a network or the Internet Web access Send and receive e-mail Transfer information Communications messages Play video games Entertainment Make telephone calls Listen to music Watch movies Pages 28 – 31 38 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-30 – 1-32 Examples of Computer Usage Power User Enterprise User Work with multimedia Communicate among Use industry-specific employees software Process high volumes of transactions Blog Pages 31 – 32 39 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-33 – 1-34 Computer Applications in Society Education Finance Government Health Care Pages 34 - 36 40 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-36 – 1-39 Computer Applications in Society Science Publishing Travel Manufacturing Pages 36 - 38 41 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 Figures 1-40 – 1-43 Video: Computer History in a Barn CLICK TO START Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 42 Summary Basic computer Components of a concepts computer Many different categories of Networks, the Internet, computers, computer and computer software users, and computer applications in society Page 39 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 43 Discovering Computers 2012 Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Chapter 1 Complete