Canine and Feline Anesthesia PDF

Chapter 9 Canine and Feline Anesthesia Anesthesia and Analgesia for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses, 6th ed. Thomas and Lerche Learning Objectives—Lesson 9.1 (1 of 2) 1. Describe anesthetic techniques commonly used in small animal practices. 2. List strat...

Chapter 9 Canine and Feline Anesthesia Anesthesia and Analgesia for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses, 6th ed. Thomas and Lerche Learning Objectives—Lesson 9.1 (1 of 2) 1. Describe anesthetic techniques commonly used in small animal practices. 2. List strategies used to minimize adverse effects when selecting an anesthetic protocol. 3. Describe how different methods of anesthetic induction and maintenance influence the dynamics of an anesthetic event. 4. Prepare a small animal patient, anesthetic equipment, and anesthetic agents and adjuncts for general anesthesia. Learning Objectives—Lesson 9.1 (2 of 2) 5. Describe induction of general anesthesia by intravenous injection of a short-acting agent, by mask or chamber induction, or by intramuscular injection. 6. Explain cautions and risks associated with each method of anesthetic induction, and strategies to maximize patient safety.  Patient Preparation  Don’t take shortcuts  Don’t skip steps  Incomplete patient preparation can result in life-threatening consequences Selecting an Anesthetic Protocol  A list of anesthetics and adjuncts prescribed for a particular patient  Includes calculated dosages, routes, and order of administration  Selected by the veterinarian-in-charge  Calculate, check, and recheck drug doses, oxygen flow rates, and fluid administration rates  Takes into account minimum patient database, patient physical status, and procedure  Modified protocol for ill, pediatric, or otherwise compromised animals  Minimizing Adverse Effects of Anesthesia  Correct/treat physiologic abnormalities before anesthesia  Base the protocol on the results of the patient’s minimum database  Use a balanced protocol consisting of multiple agents  Double-check all injectable drug doses before administration  Label all syringes with the patient name, drug name, and drug concentration  Administer no more than the minimum dose needed to achieve the desired level of anesthesia  Administer all IV agents “to effect” unless told otherwise  General Anesthesia: Intramuscular Induction  Anesthetic agents are administered by intramuscular (IM) injection  Anesthetic depth gradually increases, peaks, and gradually decreases  After injection the anesthetist has little control over the anesthesia  May administer more anesthetic if adequate depth is not reached  If a reversal drug is available for the anesthetic agent, it can be administered if patient is too deep  General Anesthesia: Intravenous Injection of a Short-Acting Agent to Effect  Technique used for short procedures 