Chapter_004_MEDT.ppt

Chapter 4 Prefixes Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives  Identify and define common prefixes used in medical terms.  Analyze, spell, and pronounce medical terms that contain prefixes. Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Combining...

Chapter 4 Prefixes Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objectives  Identify and define common prefixes used in medical terms.  Analyze, spell, and pronounce medical terms that contain prefixes. Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Combining forms  abdomin/o abdomen  an/o anus (opening of the digestive tract to the tract outside of the body)  bi/o life Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Combining forms  cardi/o heart  carp/o carpals (wrist bones)  cis/o to cut  cost/o ribs Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Combining forms  crani/o  cutane/o  dur/o meningeal and skull skin dura mater (outermost mb surrounding the brain spinal cord) Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Combining forms  gen/o to produce, to begin  glyc/o sugar  hemat/o  later/o men/o  blood side menses (monthly discharge of blood from the lining of the uterus) Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Combining forms  nat/i birth  neur/o nerve  norm/o rule, order  oste/o bone Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Combining forms  peritone/o peritoneum (membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen)  plas/o formation, growth, development  ren/o  scapul/o kidney scapula (shoulder blade) Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Combining forms  son/o sound  thyroid/o thyroid gland  top/o to put, place, position  troph/o development, nourishment Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Combining forms  urethr/o urethra (tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body)  uter/o uterus  ven/o vein  vertebr/o vertebra (backbone) Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Prefixes a-, an- no, not, without ab- away from ad- toward, near ana- up, apart ante- before, forward Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Prefixes (Cont.) anti- against bi- two, both brady- slow con- with, together Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12 Prefixes (Cont.) dia- complete, through dys- bad, painful, difficult, abnormal Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Prefixes (Cont.) ec- out, outside endo- within, in, inner epi- above, upon ex- out extra- outside of Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Prefixes (Cont.) hemi- half hyper- excessive, too much, above hypo- deficient, too little, below Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Prefixes (Cont.) in- in, into inter- between intra- within mal- bad meta- change, beyond Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Prefixes (Cont.) neo- new para- beside, near, along the side of peri- surrounding poly- many, much Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 17 Prefixes (Cont.) post- after, behind pre- before pro- before, forward pros- before, forward Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Prefixes (Cont.) quadri- four re- back, behind retro- back, behind sub- under, less than syn- with, together Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Prefixes (Cont.) tachy- fast trans- across, through tri- three ultra- beyond uni- one Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 20 Suffixes -al pertaining to -ation process, condition -cision process of cutting -crine secretion Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Suffixes -dipsia thirst -emia blood condition -gen to produce -graphy process of recording Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 22 Suffixes -ia condition -ic pertaining to -ine pertaining to -ism condition, process Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 23 Suffixes -lapse to fall, slide -lysis loosening, breaking down, separation, destruction -meter to measure -mission to send Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 24 Suffixes -mortem death -oma tumor, mass -ous pertaining to -partum birth -pathy disease condition Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 25 Suffixes -phagia eating -phasia speech -plasia formation (condition) -plasm formation (tissue) Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 26 Suffixes -plegia paralysis -pnea breathing -rrhea flow, discharge -scopy process of visual examination Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 27 Suffixes -section to cut -stasis to stand, place, stop, control -tension pressure -thesis to put, place (state of putting or placing) Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 28 Suffixes -tic pertaining to -trophy nourishment; development -um structure -uria urine condition -y process, condition Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 29 Additional Medical Terms  Adrenal glands: Endocrine glands located above each kidney  Antibiotic: Destroys or inhibits the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria  Antigen: Foreign substance, such as bacteria and viruses Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 30 Additional Medical Terms (Cont.)  Bradycardia: Slow heartbeat  Congenital anomaly: An irregularity in a structure or organ that an infant is born with  Dialysis: Removing harmful waste products from the body with an artificial kidney machine (dialysis machine) Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 31 Additional Medical Terms (Cont.)  Ectopic pregnancy: An abnormal pregnancy when the embryo implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tubes, but sometimes on an ovary or in the abdominal cavity  Parathyroid glands: Four endocrine glands located on the dorsal side of the thyroid gland that function separately from the thyroid gland  Prolapse: To fall or slide forward, often used to describe an organ, such as a prolapsed uterus Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 32 Additional Medical Terms (Cont.)  Retroperitoneal: Pertaining to behind the peritoneum; the kidneys and adrenal glands are retroperitoneal organs  Syndrome: A group of signs or symptoms that commonly occur together and indicate a particular disease or abnormal condition  Subcutaneous: Lower layer of the skin composed of fatty tissue Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 33 Additional Medical Terms (Cont.)  Tachycardia: Condition of fast, rapid heartbeat  Transurethral: When an instrument passes through the urethra  Ultrasonography: A diagnostic technique using ultrasound waves to produce an image or photograph of an organ or tissue Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 34 Medical Scramble Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 35 Medical Scramble (Cont.) SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) NEAAP 5. Organs shrink in size PYARTOH 4. Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 36 Medical Scramble (Cont.) Bonus term: Foreign protein that causes an immune response (Hint: This protein is often part of bacteria and viruses and evokes production of antibodies.) GIENNAT Copyright © 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 37 Questions? 38