Chapter_001.pptx

Chapter 1 21st Century Maternity and Women’s Health Nursing 1 Learning Objectives        Describe the scope of maternity and women’s health nursing. Evaluate contemporary issues and trends in maternity and women’s health care. Examine social concerns in maternity nursing and women’s health ca...

Chapter 1 21st Century Maternity and Women’s Health Nursing 1 Learning Objectives        Describe the scope of maternity and women’s health nursing. Evaluate contemporary issues and trends in maternity and women’s health care. Examine social concerns in maternity nursing and women’s health care. Integrate evidenced-based practice into care management. Explain risk management and standards of practice in the delivery of nursing care. Discuss legal and ethical issues in perinatal nursing. Examine Healthy People 2030 goals related to maternal and infant care. 2 What is Maternity and Women’s Health Nursing in the 21st Century?     Maternity Care Women’s Health Care Role of nurses in Women’s Health care Significant advances in care (See Figure 1.1) 3 Women’s Health Disparities  Efforts to decrease health disparities       HRSA Health Disparities Collaboratives Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) The National Institutes of Health National Institute of Nursing Research Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Progress report on eliminating health disparities released in 2019 4 Contemporary Issues and Trends (1 of 3)  Healthy People 2030 Goals  33 of these goals are directly related to maternal and infant health  Examples include:     Reduce the rate of fetal and infant deaths Reduce the rate of maternal mortality Reduce preterm births Reduce cesarean births among low risk women 5 Contemporary Issues and Trends (2 of 3)  Interprofessional Education (IPE)    Client care will improve when health professionals work together. Teamwork and communication are key aspects of IPE The interprofessional collaborative practice competencies include:  Values/ethics for interprofessional practice  Roles/responsibilities  Interprofessional communication  Teams and teamwork 6 Contemporary Issues and Trends (3 of 3)  Problems with the U.S. health care system  Structure of the health care  Reducing medical errors  High cost of health care  Limited access to care  Health Care Reform: ACA delivery system adopted into law, 2010  Accountable care organizations (ACOs)  Health Literacy 7 Trends in Fertility and Birth Rates  Trends:         Recent fertility rates Recent birth rates Cesarean delivery rates Low birth weight and preterm birth Infant mortality in the United States International infant mortality trends Maternal mortality trends Maternal morbidity  Obesity: 31% women ages 20-39 are obese When including those who are overweight, approximately 58.5% of women in this age group fit in that category 8 Regionalization of Perinatal Health Care Services    Ambulatory care Community-based care High technology care    Our health care system emphasizes hightechnology care Telehealth advances Social Media influences 9 Childbirth Practices     Prenatal care Certified nurse-midwives or physicians Family-centered care Involving consumers and promoting selfmanagement 10 Other Issues in Women’s Health Nursing   Involving Consumers ad Promoting SelfManagement International concerns    Female genital mutilation Human trafficking Other concerns   HIV transmission COVID-19 virus (See Figure 1.2) 11 Trends in Nursing Practice (1 of 2)    Specialization of nurses: Specialized knowledge Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) Evidence-based practice       Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Cochrane Pregnancy & Childbirth Database Joanna Briggs Institute Outcomes-oriented practice A global perspective 12 Trends in Nursing Practice (2 of 2) (See Figure 1.3) 13 Standards of Practice and Legal Issues in Provision of Care (1 of 2)  What is Standard of Care?   The level of practice that a reasonably prudent nurse would provide in the same or similar circumstances Standards defined by several organizations:     ANA AWHONN ACNM NANN 14 Standards of Practice and Legal Issues in Provision of Care (2 of 2)  Prevention of errors in nursing care   Sentinel events   System of checks and balances to minimize risk for injury Any event that is not due to underlying conditions or natural courses of a patient’s condition that affects a patient, resulting in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm (NQF, 2020) Failure to rescue  Failure to recognize or act on early signs of distress 15 Ethical Issues in Perinatal Nursing and Women’s Health Care         Reproductive technology Allocation of resources Older-age pregnancies Third-party payers Induced ovulation and in vitro fertilization Multifetal pregnancy reduction Intrauterine fetal surgery Treatment of very low-birth-weight infants 16 Key Points (1 of 4)    Maternity nursing focuses on women and their infants and families during the childbearing cycle. Women’s health nursing focuses on the special physical, psychologic, and social needs of women throughout their life spans. Healthy People 2030 provides an update on goals for maternal and infant health. 17 Key Points (2 of 4)    Nurses caring for women can play an active role in shaping health care systems to be responsive to the needs of contemporary women. Childbirth practices have changed to become more focused on the family and allow alternatives in care. A variety of factors, including race, age, violence, and human trafficking, affect women’s health. 18 Key Points (3 of 4)   Evidence-based practice and outcomes orientation are emphasized in current practice. Risk management and learning from sentinel events can improve quality of care. 19 Key Points (4 of 4)   Research plays a vital role in establishing a scientific base for the care of women and infants. Ethical concerns have multiplied with the increasing use of technology and scientific advances. 20 Question When managing health care for pregnant women at a local prenatal clinic, the nurse should recognize that the most significant barrier for access to care is the pregnant woman’s: a. b. c. d. Age Minority status Educational level Inability to pay 21 Answer D. Inability to pay 22