Chapter 5 Project Management PDF

Computer Application in Management STIDK1023 Topic 3 Chapter 5 WEB PAGE DEVELOPMENT Project Management 1 Learning Objectives After completing this chapter you will be able to:- – Introduction...

Computer Application in Management STIDK1023 Topic 3 Chapter 5 WEB PAGE DEVELOPMENT Project Management 1 Learning Objectives After completing this chapter you will be able to:- – Introduction – The Important of Project management – Selecting Project – Project Management Tools – Critical Path – Benefits of Project Management Tools STID 1103 2 Introduction What is a Project? o A project is a special set of activities with a clear beginning and end. o Every project has a set of goals, objectives, and tasks. o Every project must also deal with a set of limitations or constraints. is group of activities that need to be done in order to accomplish a set of objectives in a specific time and with available resources. Project 3 Introduction The five phases of project management. Project Management is the application of a broad set of skills to properly initiate, plan, execute, control and close a project. 4 The importance of Project Management Roles and Responsibilities The role of the project manager encompasses many activities including: Planning and Defining Scope Risk Analysis Activity Planning and Managing Risks and Issues Sequencing Monitoring and Reporting Progress Resource Planning Team Leadership Developing Schedules Strategic Influencing Time Estimating Business Partnering Working with Vendors Cost Estimating Scalability, Interoperability and Developing a Budget Portability Analysis Documentation Controlling Quality Creating Charts and Benefits Realization Schedules 5 Gantt Chart Gantt Chart was introduced in 1917 by Henry L. Gantt, an American engineer and social scientist. The chart has been used to control production. Until today, Gantt Chart is still being used for the purpose of project planning and management. 6 Gantt Chart In general, Gantt Chart provides a graphical chart that shows scheduling to help planning, monitoring, and tracking resources in a project. A simple Gantt Chart can be drawn on a piece of paper However, people today have many choices to use varieties of software to create Gantt Chart. Among the software available are Microsoft Project, Microsoft Visio and SmartDraw. 7 Gantt Chart Carta Gantt contains numbers of horizontal bars that show the required and expected time to complete a project The bar represents the time in unit such as months, weeks, days, hours or minutes. Each bar represents one activity in a project. Gantt chart can clearly describe the status of one project, whether it follows the allocated time How to make Gant Chart : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgWePRrWN-Q https://venngage.com/blog/gantt-chart-example/ 8  Gantt Chart : Math Book Development Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 12 9 Wedding Plan Example : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lwn2JzKYOwU Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 12 10 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) A organizes project work into manageable tasks which are necessary to carry out and complete the project. The WBS focuses on the work activities, completion of defined deliverables, and the timing of tasks (taking into account all factors and constraints that impact the start and end dates of tasks). The WBS presents project tasks in a hierarchy with major (top-level) level tasks and subtasks. 11 WBS of Geographic Information System (GIS) 12 WBS Tree Diagram – Project □ The project manager can view the task more specific than the complex activities, tasks must be independent and measurable and clearly. steps 1: Start with the high level tasks or deliverable. steps 2: identify subtasks steps 3: describe each tasks 13 The Gantt Chart in WBS Schedule 14 Gantt Chart Advantages – Able to identify a duration of time required to complete one activity, together with the allocated money and human resources. Disadvantages – Unable to show the relationship between activities connected to complete one phase – Unable to show the most critical activity in a project. 15 PERT Chart A PERT chart is a project management tool used to schedule, organize, and coordinate tasks within a project. PERT stands for Program Evaluation Review Technique, a methodology developed by the U.S. Navy in the 1950s to manage the Polaris submarine missile program. PERT chart was used at that time to show the connection between activities that have been determined to complete the project. 16 PERT Chart 17 18 PERT Chart PERT chart components: – Activity An activity is labeled with a simple name that explains the activity. The name is put on the top of the line that connects two nodes. The time to complete the activity is put under the line. The unit for the time can be in month, week or days. – Node Node is represented by a small circle that is located at the beginning and end of an activity. A pair of nodes form an activity. Number in a node is arranged in an ascending order. 19 PERT Chart Critical Path – It is represented by the sequence of connected activities that produce the longest overall time – All activities and nodes within this sequence are referred to as being “on” the critical path – Changes in the critical path will give an impact on the whole time to complete the project – Any activity on the critical path that is delayed in completion will result in delaying the final completion of the project 20 PERT Chart Example 1 You are working as a marketing executive at Syarikat Telekomunikasi Mutiara. The company plans to implement prepaid telecommunication services. To get information about the market for this new service, you are assigned to survey the market. Construct PERT chart to show the activities involve and finally determine the critical path. 21 PERT Chart Identify activities involve: Planning – The planning for survey (5 days): A – Questionnaires design (5 days): B Preparation – Hire temporary workers (5 days): C – Training workers (3 days): D – Print questionnaires (2 days): E Implementation – Distribute questionnaires (5 days): F – Analyze questionnaires(5 days): G 22 PERT Chart 3 E B 2 A 5 1 2 5 F 6 G 7 5 C 5 5 D 5 4 3 23 PERT Chart Identify the critical path: A-B-E-F-G = 5 + 5 + 2 + 5 + 5 = 22 days A-C-D-F-G = 5 + 5 + 3 + 5 + 5 = 23 days Critical path is A-C-D-F-G 24 Determining the Critical Path 25 PERT Chart Advantages – Helps managers to monitor an ongoing project. – Using a critical path, managers can detemine the progress of a project by comparing the actual time to complete a project with the real time achieved to complete 26  PERT Chart vs Gantt Chart The PERT chart is sometimes preferred over the Gantt chart, because it clearly illustrates task dependencies. On the other hand, the PERT chart can be much more difficult to interpret, especially on complex projects. Frequently, project managers use both techniques. 27 28