What Are Intelligent Robots? PDF

1 What are Intelligent Robots? What is a robot? Where do robots work? Why do we have (or want) robots? How are they intelligent? Amplifies Part 1 and Chapter 1 © 2019 Robin Murphy...

1 What are Intelligent Robots? What is a robot? Where do robots work? Why do we have (or want) robots? How are they intelligent? Amplifies Part 1 and Chapter 1 © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 1  1 Organization of this Lecture Objectives Definition of Robot Objectives Definition – Historical evolution (linguistic) -History -Components – Components (tangible) Why - - - Replace Project Why Assist - Where Amuse – 4 reasons: replace, project, assist, amuse - Ground - - Aerial Marine Where How - Intelligence – Land, sea, air - AI areas Summary How – What is natural intelligence (linguistic) – How AI is studied (tangible) Summary © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 2  1 Specific Learning Objectives Define Intelligent Robot Objectives Definition List the five components common to all intelligent robots Why Where How Summary Give four different motivations for intelligent robots List the three modalities of autonomous (unmanned) vehicles List the seven areas of Artificial Intelligence and describe how they contribute to an intelligent robot © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 3  1 Specific Learning Objectives Define Intelligent Robot Objectives Definition List the five components commonRobots to all intelligent by Numbers?robots Why Where How Summary Give four different motivations for intelligent robots List the three modalities of autonomous (unmanned) vehicles List the seven areas of Artificial Intelligence and describe how they contribute to an intelligent robot © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 4  1 Objectives Definition -History -Components Why Where How Summary WHAT ARE ROBOTS? © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 5  1 v What are Robots? Capek 1921: R.U.R. Objectives Definition -History -Components Why Where How Summary www.fradulent.org/rur.htm © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 6  1 What are Robots? Capek 1921: R.U.R. Physically situated agent Objectives Definition -History -Components Why Where How Summary www.fradulent.org/rur.htm © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 7  1 What are AI Robots? Capek 1921: R.U.R. Physically situated agent Objectives Definition -History -Components Physically situated intelligent Why Where agent How Summary Intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximize its chances of success. (Russell & Norvig 2003) Asimo.honda.com/gallery © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 8  1 All Have 5 Common Components Effectors: legs, arms, neck, wrists – If platform is an effector, also called “mobility” Objectives Definition Perception: eyes, ears, nose, smell, touch -History -Components – Sensors and sensing Why Where How Summary Control: central nervous system – Inner loop and outer loop; layers of the brain Power: food and digestive system Communications: voice, gestures, hearing – How does it communicate (I/O, wireless, expressions) – What does it say? © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 9  1 Objectives Definition Why - Replace - Project - Assist - Amuse Where How Summary WHY DO WE HAVE (OR WANT) ROBOTS? © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 10  1 Objectives Definition Why - Replace Of what use is a baby? - Project - Assist - Amuse Where How – Faraday, when asked about the utility of his Summary dynamo (also attributed to Ben Franklin) © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 11  1 Dirty, Dangerous, Dull (3Ds) Tasks Future Combat Systems Factory robots Objectives Roomba/scooba, other Definition Why - Replace cleaning robots - - Project Assist EOD, bomb-squad robots - Amuse Where Sewer and pipe inspection How Summary robots Nuclear clean up www.roomba.com Replace Humans © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 12  1 Better Than Bio Robots at WTC… – voids smaller than person Objectives could enter Void:1’x2.5’x60’ Definition – voids on fire or oxygen Why - - Replace Project depleted - - Assist Amuse NBC Response Where How – Lose ½ cognitive attention Summary with each level of protection Level A=12.5% of normal ability Surveillance – Time on station, vigilence Void on fire Project Humans © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 13  1 Assistance Eldercare, nursing Objectives Definition Rehabilitation and Why - - Replace Project physical therapy - Assist - Amuse Where How Exoskeletons (maybe) Summary Assist Humans © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 14  1 Entertainment Toys Objectives Definition Educational toys Why - Replace - Project Assist Special effects (being - - Amuse Where How Summary replaced by graphics) Amuse Humans © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 15  1 Objectives Definition Why Where - Ground - Aerial - Marine How Summary WHERE DO ROBOTS WORK? © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 16  1 3 Major Modalities Unmanned Ground Vehicles – since 1967 Objectives Definition Why Where Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - Ground - - Aerial Marine – drones since Vietnam: Global Hawk, UCAV How Summary Unmanned Marine Vehicles – Autonomous Underwater Vehicles – ROVs since 1960s – Unmanned surface vehicles © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 17  1 Unmanned Ground Vehicles Three categories: – Mobile Objectives – Humanoid/animal Definition Why Where – Motes - Ground - Aerial - Marine How Summary Famous examples – DARPA Grand Challenge – NASA MER – Roomba – Honda P3, Sony Asimo – Sony Aibo © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 18  1 Taxonomy of UGV Ground Objectives Definition Humanoid, Why Animals Mobile Motes Where - Ground - Aerial - Marine How Summary Man-packable Man-portable Maxi © 2019 Robin Murphy Introduction to AI Robotics 2nd Edition (MIT Press 2019) 19