Ch 6 Review Answers.docx

What is the source of interstitial fluid? Circulatory capillaries What happens in the process of lymphoma? Lymph nodes fill with non-functioning white blood cells This common viral infection starts in the salivary glands and throat. It is often long-lasting with some serious possible complications....

What is the source of interstitial fluid? Circulatory capillaries What happens in the process of lymphoma? Lymph nodes fill with non-functioning white blood cells This common viral infection starts in the salivary glands and throat. It is often long-lasting with some serious possible complications. What is it? Mononucleosis Someone who lives with chronic fatigue syndrome is likely also to have low cortisol levels. What is a consequence of this phenomenon? This person has very extreme allergies What is a predictable outcome of untreated anaphylaxis? Hypotension, fainting and shock What is a key feature in ankylosing spondylitis? A progressively stiffening spine, often with a stooped posture If a fistula related to Crohn disease breaks, what is the likely result? Peritonitis When a person's immune system cells attack the proteins from peanut butter as aggressively as they would attack a dangerous invading virus, what is this called? Allergic reaction What are some reliable signs and symptoms of ulcerative colitis during a flare? Painful diarrhea with blood and pus in the stool Which is the most common form of multiple sclerosis? Relapse/remitting MS, with cycles of flare and remission What is the best description of an autoimmune disease? A condition in which the immune system attacks some part of the body as if it were a foreign invader This condition involves the accelerated replication of skin cells that pile into itchy, scaly plaques. What is it? Psoriasis What are some mechanical factors that might contribute to edema? Tight knee brace, weak heart What is the best description of lymphoma? A blood cancer that begins with mutations in lymphatic tissue A person with scleroderma has a significantly increased risk for… Embolism, heart failure, renal failure A person is stung by a wasp on his lip, and within minutes, it is grossly swollen. What does this describe? Angioedema Ankylosing spondylitis usually begins as pain and stiffness in the low back. From there the disease progresses to affect… Higher levels of the spine Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease marked by attacks against what tissue Myelin sheaths in the CNS Lymphangitis typically starts with what event? A localized infection at a minor wound. Fatigue is obviously the central symptom of chronic fatigue syndrome. What are other common symptoms of this condition? Mental fogginess, headaches, muscle aches What is another name for mononucleosis? Kissing disease In this condition, the synovial membranes are attacked by immune system cells, leading to joint deformation and painful inflammation. What is it? Rheumatoid arthritis Symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis are easily confused with symptoms of… Disc disease The symptoms of scleroderma are sometimes referred to the acronym “CREST.” What does this stand for? Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenom, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia What is a typical pattern for psoriasis symptoms? Periodic flare and remission At what point does a fever in adults become potentially dangerous? When it is over 104°F/40°C What is the causative agent of most cases of mononucleosis? Epstein-Barr virus This condition involves chronic irritation and tissue damage that is limited to the colon. What is it? Ulcerative colitis What is an allergic reaction? An immune system reaction against the stimulus that is not inherently hazardous Multiple sclerosis can affect patients in a wide variety of ways. What is a key factor that determines the safety of massage therapy for a person with this disease? The presence of numbness What is the best description of an allergy? An immune system response to a trigger that is not potentially dangerous If a person has fluid retention that is chronically impaired, what is a likely result? Pitting edema Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is often identified by its indicator diseases or complications. Which is the list of common complications of AIDS? Pneumocystis jiroveci, cytomegalovirus, Kaposi sarcoma What is the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome? Human immunodeficiency virus Lupus can lead to several serious complications. Which of these has the most impact on decisions regarding the safety of massage therapy? Risk of renal failure What causes the erosion of articular cartilage seen with rheumatoid arthritis? Enzymes secreted by inflamed synovial membranes What happens during a flare of ulcerative colitis? An autoimmune attack on the lining of the large intestine leads to the development of shallow ulcers In this condition, a person may begin with one class of allergies, to the chemicals in perfume for instance, but finds that the number of things that cause allergic reactions continuously expands. It can progress to the point where it is difficult for this person to occupy a typical home, eat typical food, or interact in public settings. What does this describe? Multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome Psoriasis is a result of… Genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, immune system dysfunction What are some other tissues frequently affected by rheumatoid arthritis? Myocardium, endocardium, heart valves Left untreated, lymphangitis infections carry the risk of complicating into… Septicemia as pathogens enter the bloodstream What is the most common form of psoriasis? Plaque psoriasis What does “ankylosing” mean? Stiffening What structural changes are seen with ankylosing spondylitis? Vertebral bodies fuse into “bamboo spine” At what point does angioedema become a medical emergency? When the swelling interrupts airflow What is HIV/AIDS? HIV is a virus that attacks immune system cells, leading to AIDS Most people with rheumatoid arthritis experience __________ before their first flare. Weeks or months of not feeling well What is lymphangitis? Infection with inflammation of a lymphatic capillary Which is the list of autoimmune diseases? Multiple sclerosis, lupus, scleroderma When a person eats something to which he is mildly allergic, what is a typical result? Nausea, vomiting, cramps What is the most efficient way for mononucleosis to spread from one person to another? Direct salivary contact When a person with Crohn disease is not in a state of flare, what signs and symptoms are most likely to be present Nothing; this condition is silent in remission What is chronic fatigue syndrome called in Europe? Myalgia encephalomyelitis The name of this condition was coined to cover many different signs and symptoms. It is a multifactorial situation involving stressful events, neuroendocrine dysfunction, and possibly infectious agents. What is it? Chronic fatigue syndrome This disease is a progressive inflammatory disorder that causes disconnected patches of damaged tissue in any part of the gastrointestinal tract. What is it? Crohn’s disease Lupus is not a well-understood disease, but these factors appear to increase the risk of developing this condition, at least in North America and Europe: Being a woman, having a relative with lupus, being a person of color Practical Application Which types of edema are most likely to be safe for general massage therapy? Sub-acute or post-acute musculoskeletal injuries that are not linked to an underlying pathology What kind of allergic reactions do many massage therapists struggle with? Contact dermatitis from prolonged exposure to some substances, ex. Essential oils. Why are massage therapists especially vulnerable to lymphangitis? What precautions can be taken to minimize the risk? Due to the increased risk of hangnails and tiny lesions on our hands – bacteria has an easier passageway and more communicability risk with the public. Your 30-year-old patient had Hodgkin’s lymphoma four years ago but is now declared cancer-free. What accommodations are necessary for this client? Any postural or comfort accommodations can be applied but patients who have fully recovered can receive massage therapy as normal Your patient had mononucleosis a year ago. What accommodation is he likely to need to receive massage? Depending on the symptoms and where the patient is in the healing process. Fully recovered – can receive massage as normal Lingering symptoms and weakness – light gentle massage to not overstimulate the lymphatic system Your patient has chronic fatigue syndrome. Besides fatigue, what symptom(s) are probably foremost for her? Poor short-term memory, poor concentration, and mental fogginess Muscle pain HA in a new pattern Tender lymph nodes Joint pain with no inflammation At what point can people who are positive for HIV safely receive vigorous massage therapy? During the asymptomatic phase of the virus more vigorous massage therapy can be safely received – depending on the symptoms of medication and resilience of the patients immune system. Case to case basis The functional changes seen with multiple sclerosis are most likely to become permanent when… Inflammation affects the neurons themselves. Your patient has advanced plaque psoriasis in a flared state. What is your best strategy? Use a hypoallergenic lotion and work in a way that doesn’t exacerbate itchiness A client with Crohn’s disease in flare is most likely to benefit from which type of bodywork? Light, gentle body work and no work done to the abdomen. – likely will have to accommodate positioning