Cerebellum Anatomy PDF

Suez Canal University Faculty Of Medicine Presented By Dr. Bassma M. Dessouki Lecturer of Anatomy & Embryology Depart.  Superior surface Inferior surface Vermis: Superior vermis Inferior vermis * Fiss...

Suez Canal University Faculty Of Medicine Presented By Dr. Bassma M. Dessouki Lecturer of Anatomy & Embryology Depart.  Superior surface Inferior surface Vermis: Superior vermis Inferior vermis * Fissura secunda: lies between uvula & * Fissura prima pyramid. separates the * Postero- lateral anterior 2/3 Fissures: fissure: Separates: (anterior lobe) from i) Flocculo-nodular the posterior 1/3 lobe (in front). (middle lobe). ii) Middle lobe (behind). 1. Anterior notch: it surrounds the brainstem. 2. Posterior notch. Lobe Extension Anterior It lies in front of fissura prima. It forms most of the superior surface. Middle (posterior) It extends from fissura prima (on superior surface) to the postero-lateral fissure (on inferior surface). N.B: Tonsil is a part of the middle lobe. Flocculo- nodular It lies on the inferior surface. It is separated from the middle lobe by the postero- lateral fissure. It consists of: Nodule (in the median plane). Two Flocculi (one on each side). Fissure Position Separates Fissura * Superior surface. * Anterior & middle prima lobes. Fissura * Inferior surface. * Uvula & pyramid. secunda Postero- * Inferior surface. * Middle & flocculo- lateral nodular lobes. Horizontal * It lies between the It has no morphological fissure superior & inferior significance as it cuts surfaces. through the middle lobe. Masses of white matter that connect the cerebellum with the brain stem. they contain afferent and efferent fibers and includes:  Connects the cerebellum with medulla  Forms upper lateral boundary of the 4th ventricle  Of the important fibers running through are olivocerebellar & cerebellolivary fibers  Connects the cerebellum with pons  It is the largest peduncle  Its main fibers are pontocerebellar fibers.  Connects cerebellum with mid brain  Its main fibers are efferent cerebellar fibers to red nucleus & thalamus.  It forms lower lateral boundary of the 4th ventricle Archi-cerebellum Flocculo- *Controls the axial (vestibular part) nodular lobe. muscles & maintains equilibrium Paleo-cerebellum Vermal & * Is concerned with (spinal part) paravermal regulation of muscle zones tone & movements of limbs. Neo-cerebellum Lateral zone * Regulates fine (cerebral part) (pyramidal) movements of the body. 1. Superior cerebellar artery 2. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery 3. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery 1. Upper third of roof: Superior medullary velum: thin sheet of white matter extends between the superior cerebellar peduncles. 2. Middle third of roof: White core of the cerebellum 3. Lower third of roof: Inferior medullary velum: thin layer of ependyma, covered by pia mater The lower part is invaginated by choroid plexus secreting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The lower part has 3 foramia to drain CSF into the subarachnoid space  The 3 foramia : to drain CSF into the subarachnoid space  A large aperture in the median called the foramen of Magendie  2 lateral apretures called Foramina of Luschka 1. Medial Eminence: longitudinal elevation on either side of median sulcus 2. Facial colliculus: Swelling at the lower end of the medial eminence. 3. Superior fovea: Groove lateral to facial colliculus. 4. Vestibular area: lateral to superior fovea. It overlies the vestibular nuclei (superior, lateral and medial). 1. Inferior fovea: It is an inverted V-shaped groove. 2. Hypoglossal trigone : Close to the midline produced by hypoglossal nucleus 3. Vagal trigone: between the 2limbs of inf fovea produced by dorsal nucleas of vagus 4. Vestibular trigone: situated laterally, produced by inferior vestibular nucleus 1. Above: with the third ventricle through Aqueduct of midbrain of Sylvius 2. Below: with the Central canal of closed medulla. 3. With subarachnoid space: through foramen of Magendie & foramina of Luschka