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REVIEWER Table of Contents: Sino ka hahaha anong anonymus kiwi, sino yu LESSON 3: DIFFERENT CAREERS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING FIELD - Site Engineer/Field Engineer A site engineer plans, designs and constructs civil engineering projects such as buildings, roads, bridges and dams. Their respons...

REVIEWER Table of Contents: Sino ka hahaha anong anonymus kiwi, sino yu LESSON 3: DIFFERENT CAREERS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING FIELD - Site Engineer/Field Engineer A site engineer plans, designs and constructs civil engineering projects such as buildings, roads, bridges and dams. Their responsibilities include monitoring construction progress, adherence to safety regulations and managing the project within budget and time constraints. - Quality Assurance/Quality Control Engineer (QA/QC) Quality control engineers are in charge of ensuring all projects meet the set quality standards. Their typical duties include assessing the production process, testing of materials, and generating reports on the products or results. - Project Engineer Project engineers oversee the general running of the project. They take the resource orders, liaise with clients, and coordinate with designers and other engineers. - Project-in-Charge (PIC) The Project In-Charge is responsible for directing, managing, and leading the assigned scope of works for construction projects. - Project Manager The person who heads up the project team and has the responsibility for conducting the project and meeting project objectives through project management - Office Engineer Responsible for providing administrative support to the construction team. This includes coordinating and scheduling meetings, preparing reports, maintaining construction documents, assisting with budget tracking, and ensuring the office equipment is up to date. - Planning Engineer A professional responsible for creating, developing, and maintaining schedules and plans for construction and engineering projects. - Rebar Engineer The job of a rebar engineer involves determining quantities, sizes, shapes, and locations of reinforcing rods from blueprints, sketches, or oral instructions. Rebar detailing – converting structural drawing into a detailed placing drawing and a precise bar bending schedule. REVIEWER - Surveyor Surveying Engineers or Surveyors perform different types of work such as measure land, air space, and water areas. - Quantity Surveyors Also called as “Cost Engineers”. Estimates and monitors the costs of construction and maintenance of building and infrastructure such as sports stadiums, tunnels, bridges, universities, residential buildings hospitals and roads. - CAD Engineer A CAD engineer is a highly skilled professional whose job entails using computer-aided design software. - Structural Designers A structural designer specializes in the design and analysis of structures such as buildings, bridges, dams, and other types of infrastructure. They are responsible for ensuring that structures are safe, stable, and able to withstand a variety of loads and stresses.. - Cadet Engineer A Cadet Engineer function is an entry level to undergo a training program for skill development on the phases of the design works and activities. - Sales Engineer A Sales Engineer, or Customer Engineer, is a sales professional who specializes in understanding all of the technical aspects of a technical product and explaining them to potential consumers. - Building Engineer Building engineers, also known as building superintendents, or supers, make sure buildings are livable for tenants, are safe and meet all legal requirements. - Materials Engineer Materials engineers source, test and assess the materials used in construction. They ensure that building foundations and materials are suitable and offer guidance on the best materials to use for a project, based on their individual properties, project costs and timeframes. - Procurement Engineer Responsible for acquiring materials and services needed for projects. These professionals work closely with the engineering and supply chain departments to analyze technical requirements, identify suitable suppliers, and negotiate contracts. - Operation Managers REVIEWER A construction operations manager typically oversees several projects, coordinating budgets, estimates, deadlines, and deliverables. -Safety Engineer An Engineer that manage the design and implementation of safety procedures to ensure the well-being of employees. They combine their knowledge of engineering with their safety skills to produce effective workplace safety plans. - Billing Engineer Responsible for verifying and processing all billing documents, tracking project expenses, and liaising with clients to resolve any billing issues. - Formworks Engineer As a formwork engineer, you will work with other engineers and project managers to develop design molds that form the basis for structures to be built from concrete or other pourable materials. - Civil Engineering Instructor Teach and supervise students using lectures, demonstrations, discussion groups, laboratory workshop sessions, seminars, case studies, field assignments and independent or group projects. LESSON 4: STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING - The term "structural" derives from the Latin word structus, which is "to pile, build assemble." The first use of the term structure was c.1440 - Structural engineering theory is based upon physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different geometries and materials. - Structural engineering design utilizes a relatively small number of basic structural elements to build up structural systems than can be very complete. - Structural engineers are responsible for making creative and efficient use of funds, structural elements, and materials to achieve these goals. - No record exists of the first calculation of the strength of structural members or the behavior of structural material, but the profession of structural engineer only really took shape with the industrial revolution and the re-invention of concrete. - The physical sciences underlying structural engineering began to be understood in the Renaissance and have been developing ever since. Key Career Paths: Structural Engineer Bridge Engineer Building Control Surveyor Offshore Engineer Careers In Structural Engineering REVIEWER INDUSTRIES FOR THE CAREERS: Construction Infrastructure Aerospace Renewable Energy STRUCTURAL ENGINEER SKILLS THAT NEEDED: Strong Math and Physics skills Knowledge of materials and construction methods Problem-solving and analytical thinking - The Roles of Structural Engineers - Structural Engineer are responsible for accurately working out the structural integrity of a proposed construction and ensuring it meets regulations such as health and safety. - The role of a structural engineer involves the following duties: Using computer modelling simulations to predict how structures will act under varying conditions( i.e. high winds, flooding or earth tremors) Calculating loads and stresses on structural foundations, beams and walls. Ensuring projects meet legal, environmental and health and safety standards. Advising on suitable materials for a build Inspecting buildings to assess their structural integrity. Advising on building repairs or demolition. Working with designers to develop construction plans and blueprints. Improving a structure’s energy efficiency. Delivering progress reports. Analysing building behaviour over time. Assisting with renovations, or restoring heritage buildings to extend their lifespan Design- Creating safe and stable structures Analysis- Calculating loads and ensuring material strength Investigation- Assessing building sites and existing structures. Collaboration- Working with architects and contractors. STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS - Dr. Ernesto S. de Castro is a renowned figure in civil and structural engineering, instrumental in positioning ESCA as a globally competitive firm through his innovative vision. He has held prominent leadership roles in various industry associations, including the Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP) and the Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers. - Elmina Wilson - The first american woman to earn a 4 year bachelor's degree and a master's in civil engineering. - Falzur Rahman Khan - Developed the tabular design system used in high-rises. Also known as "Einstein of Structural Engineering. LESSON 5: CONSTRUCTION & MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING - ETYMOLOGY The word “construction” came from the Latin term “construere” that means “heap together”. On the other hand, the word “management” does not have a distinct or exact origin. However, according to Etymonline, “management” came from REVIEWER various sources or languages, such as: (1) an Old French word “manège,” meaning "horsemanship," (2) from an Italian word “maneggio” or “maneggiare,” meaning "to handle, touch," especially "to control a horse," and (3) from a Latin noun “manus” meaning "hand." - DEFINITION Construction and Management Engineering, most commonly referred to as “Construction Engineering Management (CEM)”, involves the application of technical and scientific knowledge to infrastructure construction projects. - Construction engineering management blends engineering (which focuses on design) with construction management, which is concerned with overseeing the actual construction (Burger, 2020). - Construction engineering management helps improve safety, efficiency, productivity, and natural disaster adaptability. - CAREERS The following are careers that an individual with a construction management degree can pursue: - CONSTRUCTION MANAGER Construction Managers oversee construction projects from inception to completion. Construction managers are responsible for planning, budgeting, and project coordination and supervision from start to finish. - SITE ENGINEER Site Engineers secure site activities and ensure they align with outlined plans and drawings, with guidance from the project superintendent. Usually, they collaborate with the on -site workforce such as architects, civil engineers, and land surveyors, as well as resolve technical issues and monitor regulations and safety specifications. - QUALITY ASSURANCE /QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) SPECIALIST QA/QC Specialists ensure the quality of work and materials used in construction projects. They develop and implement quality control processes to ensure the finished product meets or exceeds specified standards. - ROLES AND FUNCTIONS - Construction and Management Engineers aim to deliver high-quality construction projects within the given time and budget while meeting safety standards and the client’s expectations. - They establish systems and procedures to ensure that all construction activities are completed and according to plan. - QUALITY CONTROL Conduct inspections, establish quality standards, and ensure compliance. - PROJECT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Develop project plans such as timelines, budgets, and resource allocation. - SAFETY MANAGEMENT Implement safety protocols to minimize risks and on-site accidents. - COLLABORATION Collaborate with architects and designers to create excellent construction/project plans. - COST ESTIMATION AND BUDGETING Prepare detailed cost estimates for various construction aspects such as materials and labor. - SCHEDULING AND COORDINATION Develop and manage project schedules, and coordinate activities among various teams, subcontractors, and suppliers. REVIEWER - PROBLEM SOLVING Identify and address issues that arise before, during, and after construction and implement solutions to solve those issues. - COMMUNICATION Communicate with clients, contractors, and other stakeholders and provide regular updates and reports regarding the project status. LESSON 6: WATER RESOURCE ENGINEERING ETYMOLOGY: Water (Old English-wæter), (Proto-Germanic-watar), (Proto-Indo-European-wódr̥ or wédōr), MEANING: a liquid essential for life, primarily referring to fresh, drinkable water. Resource (Old French-resourdre), (Middle French-resourse), (English-resource) MEANING: supply or stock of materials or assets, especially those that are naturally occurring and valuable Engineering (Latin-ingenium) meaning natural talent or cleverness, (ingeniare) meaning to devise or design. (Middle English-engineer) referred to the application of scientific principles to design and build structures or systems. DEFINITION: Water resource engineering broadly refers to the practice of designing, developing, and managing the systems and structures related to the supply, distribution, conservation, and treatment of water as a vital resource. The field blends natural science and engineering principles to solve complex water-related challenges. Water resources engineering focuses on supplying water for human use, removing water when humans are finished using it and developing methods of avoiding damage from excess water (floods). A water resources engineer manages water and land resources in both urban and rural areas. Water resource engineering, interdisciplinary collaboration is essential. It is primarily concerned with the study of selected topics and applied in several fields. This includes hydrology, hydraulics, applied limnology, geology, ecology, policy and community engagement. What does a water resources engineer do? 1. Design and oversee water supply 6. Develop computer models. systems. 2. Oversee sewage treatment systems. 7. Protect water resources during storm. 3. Conduct field test. 8. Research ways to increase water supply. 4. Develop plans for flood prevention. 9. Develop groundwater management plans. 5. Calculate the impact of dams and 10. Reduce waterborne diseases. reservoirs. REVIEWER IMPORTANCE - Ensure that water supply infrastructure is effective and capable of withstanding natural disasters caused by climate change, aging, and a growing population. - Ensure clean water distribution, create new water infrastructure, and mitigate or prepare for water-related damage. - Design and implement flood control measures to minimize the impact of flooding. - Focus on the development, transmission, distribution, and treatment of water resources. CAREERS 1. Water Resource Engineer - Designs and oversees the construction of water supply systems. 2. Wastewater Operator - Cleans equipment, disposes of waste byproducts, lubricates pumps, valves, and repairs various equipment. 3. Hydraulic Engineer - Specializes in the properties and movement of liquids like water and sewage. Oversees projects like dams, bridges, and canals. 4. Water Resource Management Capacity Expert - Leads and supervises economic, thematic, and sector work in emerging water resource management challenges. Identifies investment opportunities for integrated water management and regional cooperation. 5. Junior Drainage Engineer - Focuses on hydrologic and hydraulic modeling of river basins and drainage networks to provide solutions to flood risk issues. Progression from Water Resources Engineer: - Project Engineer - General Manager - Construction Manager - Operation Manager WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES Hydrology Hydraulic Engineering Water Quality Management Water Supply and Distribution Flood Management Irrigation Engineering CRUCIAL SKILLS FOR WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERS: 1. Written and Oral Communication Skills. 6.Teamwork REVIEWER 2. Technical skills in Biology and Chemistry. 7. Mechanical Skills 3. Critical Thinking 8. Creativity 4. Math skills 9. Problem-Solving 5. Project Management IMPORTANT PEOPLE IN THE FIELD OF WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING 1. John Wesley Powell is widely regarded as the father of modern water resource engineering. A geologist and explorer in the late 19th century, Powell advocated for the proper management of water resources in the arid regions of the western United States. His work on the Colorado River and his emphasis on irrigation and watershed management laid the foundation for water resource management as a field of study. His ideas on sustainable water use, especially in regions facing scarcity, were groundbreaking. 2. While there isn't a universally recognized first water resources engineer, ancient civilizations like the Egyptians and Mesopotamians were early practitioners of water engineering. In ancient Rome, the engineer Vitruvius made significant contributions to hydraulic engineering through his work on aqueducts and water supply systems. 3. In the Philippines, water resources engineering developed alongside the country's infrastructure during the Spanish and American colonial periods. Notable figures include Nicanor B. Reyes Sr., who founded the Far Eastern University and significantly advanced civil engineering education, and Engr. Angel Lazaro Jr., a former dean of civil engineering at the University of the Philippines, who contributed to water resources management and flood control. LESSON 6: TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING Transportation engineering is a combination of "transportation," referring to the movement of people and goods, and "engineering," the application of scientific principles to solve practical problems. Transportation engineering is a branch of civil engineering that focuses on the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of transportation systems. This includes roads, highways, bridges, airports, railways, and public transit systems. Trans - across Porte - to carry Careers in Transportation Engineering 1. Transportation Planner - Analyzing travel patterns and developing transportation plans. 2. Traffic Engineer - Designing and managing traffic flow, improving safety, and optimizing traffic signals. 3. Highway Engineer - Designing and constructing roads, bridges, and other infrastructure. 4. Transit Engineer - Planning, designing, and operating public transportation systems. 5. Port Engineering - Designing and managing ports, harbors, canals, and docks, ensuring safe and efficient ship and cargo movement. 6. Railroad Engineer - Designing and constructing railway systems, including tracks, bridges, signals, and rolling stock, ensuring safe and efficient train operations. REVIEWER 7. Airport Engineer - Designing and managing airport facilities, including runways, terminals, and air traffic control systems. Skills Needed for Transportation Engineers (Technical skill) 1. Engineering Principles - Strong understanding of civil engineering principles, including mechanics, materials, and structural analysis. 2. Software Proficiency - Expertise in computer-aided design (CAD) software, traffic simulation software, and data analysis tools. 3. Project Management - Ability to manage complex projects, coordinate teams, and meet deadlines. (Soft skill) 1. Communication - Effective communication skills to interact with clients, stakeholders, and the public. 2. Problem-Solving - Ability to analyze complex problems, develop creative solutions, and implement them effectively. 3. Teamwork - Collaboration with other engineers, architects, and construction professionals. Roles and Functions of Transportation Engineers 1. Planning - Conducting traffic studies, analyzing travel patterns, and developing transportation plans. 2. Design - Designing roads, bridges, tunnels, airports, and other transportation infrastructure. 3. Construction - Overseeing the construction of transportation projects, ensuring quality and safety. 4. Operation - Managing and optimizing the operation of transportation systems, including traffic control, maintenance, and emergency response. 5. Research and Development - Conducting research on new transportation technologies, materials, and methods. Why Does Transportation Engineering Matters Economic Growth - Efficient transportation systems facilitate trade, commerce, and economic development. Quality of Life - Improved transportation infrastructure enhances accessibility, reduces travel time, and improves overall quality of life. Environmental Sustainability - Transportation engineers play a crucial role in developing sustainable transportation solutions, reducing emissions and promoting alternative modes of transportation. Safety - Transportation engineers prioritize safety by designing and implementing measures to reduce accidents and injuries. Influential Figures in Transportation Engineering 1. John Smeaton (1724-1792) Considered the "father of civil engineering," Smeaton designed numerous bridges, canals, and harbors. REVIEWER 2. James Watt (1736-1819) Developed the steam engine, revolutionizing transportation and paving the way for railways and steamships. 3. John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836) Pioneered the use of macadamized roads, it makes long-distance journeys smoother, faster, and more comfortable. 4. George Stephenson (1781-1848) He is widely recognized as the "father of railways." His construction of the first public railway line utilizing steam locomotives revolutionized transportation across the country, connecting towns and cities and enabling faster, more efficient travel for people and goods. 5. Robert Moses (1888-1981) Moses significantly shaped the transportation infrastructure of New York City, including the construction of highways, bridges, and parks. 6. Karl Benz (1844-1929) Benz's invention of the first gasoline-powered automobile in 1886 marked a pivotal moment in transportation history. His invention paved the way for the development of the modern car, transforming personal mobility and forever altering the landscape of transportation. 7. Henry Ford (1863-1947) Ford's contributions to transportation engineering lie in his revolutionary approach to mass production. His assembly line system, implemented for the Model T, made automobiles affordable and accessible to the masses, democratizing personal transportation and ushering in the era of the automobile. 8. Elon Musk (1971-Present) Musk's visionary approach to transportation has revolutionized the industry. His companies, Tesla and SpaceX, are at the forefront of electric vehicles and space exploration. His innovations in electric car technology and reusable rockets are pushing the boundaries of transportation and inspiring future generations of engineers. Filipino Visionaries in Transportation Engineering 1. Atoy Llave, a Filipino car designer, is known for his innovative creation, the "Salamander" amphibious tricycle. This unique vehicle can traverse both land and water, offering a potential solution for transportation in flood-prone areas. Llave's philanthropic motivations highlight the potential of Filipino ingenuity to address real-world challenges. 2. Noli Dazo, a computer science and engineering graduate, developed "Tubig na Gasoline," a water-based fuel for vehicles. His invention, which utilizes hydrogen fuel, promises cleaner and more efficient transportation, potentially reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Dazo's work exemplifies the Filipino spirit of innovation and resourcefulness. 3. Junior de Jesus, an electrical and electronics technician, invented the "Highmax Turbo Power Simulator" (HTPS), a device that enhances fuel efficiency in vehicles. His invention, which converts atmospheric air into ozone and hydrogen, aims to reduce fuel consumption and emissions. De Jesus's work demonstrates the potential of Filipino engineers to contribute to sustainable transportation solutions. REVIEWER 4. Leonardo Gasendo, a US-based chemical engineer, created the "Long Distance Electric Vehicle" (LDEV), a self-charging vehicle that can travel long distances without depleting its battery. His invention utilizes wheel vibrations and gravity to generate electricity, offering a promising approach to sustainable and efficient transportation. Gasendo's work showcases the global impact of Filipino talent in the field of transportation engineering. 5. Elma Alboleras and Rodel de Guzman, a team of inventors, developed the "Intelligent Bus Utility System" (IBUS), a traffic management system for buses. Their invention aims to improve bus operations by streamlining loading and unloading, tracking bus locations, and optimizing travel times. The IBUS represents a practical solution to address traffic congestion and enhance public transportation efficiency in the Philippines. 6. Roberto Celis, a Filipino inventor, developed the "Hydrogasifier," a device that utilizes water as supplemental fuel for internal combustion engines. His invention, which splits water into hydrogen and oxygen, aims to reduce pollution and enhance engine performance. Celis's work demonstrates the potential of Filipino ingenuity to address environmental concerns while improving transportation efficiency. 7. Alfredo M. Anos Sr.., a renowned Filipino inventor, created the "Anos Fire Ambulance and Rescue Vehicle" (AFARV), a multi-functional vehicle that combines a fire truck, ambulance, and rescue vehicle in one. His invention, which utilizes compressed air foam for firefighting, offers a comprehensive solution for emergency response. Anos Sr.'s legacy highlights the Filipino spirit of innovation and its potential to address societal needs. LESSON 7: Environmental And Energy Engineering ETYMOLOGY: Environment (French-environner), meaning "to surround," Energy. (Late Latin-energia), (Greek-energeia) meaning 'activity' or 'operation' DEFINITION: Environmental engineers prepare, review, update, and present reports on issues related to the environment. Design systems that protect the environment. Some study ways to minimize the effects of environmental threats. Energy Engineer develop solutions for improving energy consumption and use. They focus on sustainable energy planning and management. This includes the development and design of energy-efficient tools and machinery. Environmental and energy engineering is a civil engineering specialization focused on creating sustainable infrastructure that balances human needs with environmental protection. It covers water management, waste handling, air quality, resource efficiency, green materials, and sustainable building design. What are the importance of Environmental and Energy Engineering? 1. Climate change mitigation 2. Resource depletion 3. Environmental pollution 4. Renewable energy technologies 5. Reducing disease risks Career paths in Environmental and Energy Engineering REVIEWER 1. Water treatment plant operator 2. Environmental engineer 3. Energy efficiency engineer 4. Wastewater engineer 5. Environmental consultant Roles & Function 1. Identifying Trends and Potential Risks - data analysis to find patterns and risks in environmental changes. 2. Developing Sustainable Solutions - Creating eco-friendly methods for waste, energy, and resource management. 3. Designing Systems to Prevent and Control Pollution - Creating methods to reduce air, water, and soil pollution. 4. Collaboration with other Professionals - Working with scientists, engineers, and agencies to solve environmental problems. 5. Conducting Environmental Impact Assessments - Evaluating how projects affect the environment and suggesting mitigation strategies. Influential Figure 1. Nicola Tesla Developed AC power systems, crucial for efficient electricity transmission. 2. David Attenborough Renowned for his documentaries that have raised global awareness about environmental issues. 3. Daniel J. Jacob Contributes to research and education in environmental science and engineering. DO YOU THINK THAT ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY ENGINEERING IS NEEDED? Infrastructure 1. Hoover Dam 3. San Roque Dam 2. Pililla Wind Farm 4. Ivanpah solar power facility REVIEWER