Cellular Respiration Notes PDF

January 15, 2025 TAKE OUT: Page 79 Reading notes Objective: Explain the events that occur during respiration Explain what happens during fermentation Do now: Write AND answer the following on your Do Now Sheet (page 13). Which of the following is NOT true about the...

January 15, 2025 TAKE OUT: Page 79 Reading notes Objective: Explain the events that occur during respiration Explain what happens during fermentation Do now: Write AND answer the following on your Do Now Sheet (page 13). Which of the following is NOT true about the products of photosynthesis? a) Some of the sugar is made into other compounds, like cellulose. b) Some of the sugar is stored in the plant’s cells for later use. c) The waste product carbon dioxide is given off through the stomata. d) The products are used by both plants and animals for energy.  Why do you think scientist study extremophiles? Essential Questions What happens What happens during cellular during respiration? fermentation?  What is cellular respiration?  Some organisms can undergo photosynthesis to make glucose for food. Other types of organisms, such as animals, fungi, protozoa, and a large portion of the bacteria, are unable to perform this process. Therefore, these organisms must rely on the carbohydrates formed in plants to get the energy necessary for their metabolic processes. This means they must eat plants and other animals to gain energy. Why do cells need energy? What is the connection between breathing and cellular respiration?  Cellular Respiration The process where cells get energy from glucose. Cells of living things carry out cellular respiration continuously. During cellular respiration, cells break down glucose and other molecules from food in the presence of oxygen, releasing energy. 2 stage process Stage 1: Glucose is broken down into smaller molecules in the cytoplasm and a little energy is released. (This energy isn’t generally immediately needed so it is used to combine adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with another phosphate to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules) Stage 2: The smaller molecules are broken down even more in the mitochondria. Oxygen is required and CO2 along with a lot of energy is released so that the cell can carry out its processes. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite processes Cellular respiration breaks down glucose to produce energy (ATP) using oxygen, while photosynthesis uses sunlight to create glucose from carbon dioxide and water Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of all cells, while photosynthesis happens in the chloroplasts of plant cells Both produce energy but cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide as a byproduct, while photosynthesis consumes it and produces oxygen as a byproduct.  Fermentation A process where cells release energy from food without requiring oxygen, but less energy is released than with cellular respiration. Alcohol fermentation occurs in yeast and other single-celled organisms and produces alcohol, CO2, and a small amount of energy. Lactic acid fermentation is a process where bacteria or muscle cells break down sugar (glucose) into energy without oxygen, producing lactic acid as a byproduct It's a way to generate energy when oxygen is scarce, like during intense exercise when your muscles need quick energy and can't get enough oxygen, causing that burning sensation.  Reflection Instructions Use the words below to fill in the blanks. Words may be used more than once. CO2 Oxidized Every H2O Respiration Plant O2 Mitochondria Source C6H12O6 Reactants Animal Use the terms above in the diagram Sugar ATP (rounded blanks with the arrows) Products Cellular Words will be used more than once. Be sure to also indicate whether the substances are REACTANTS or PRODUCTS.