Cell Division Study Guide (Chapter 8) PDF

Cell Division Study Guide (Chapter 8) Be able to determine: -The substances that make up chromosomes and the role each substance plays -Meiosis/Mitosis involvement in asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction -Asexual vs Sexual reproduction -Mechanisms that increase genetic diversity -relati...

Cell Division Study Guide (Chapter 8) Be able to determine: -The substances that make up chromosomes and the role each substance plays -Meiosis/Mitosis involvement in asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction -Asexual vs Sexual reproduction -Mechanisms that increase genetic diversity -relationship between genes and chromosomes -Why siblings look similar but not identical to each other (excluding identical twins)? -Distinguish between chromosomes, homologous chromosomes, autosomes, sex chromosomes (XY), chromatin, sister chromatids, and daughter chromosomes. -distinguish between centrosome, centromere, kinetochore, synapsis, chiasma/chiasmata, tetrads, crossing over -Distinguish the characteristics of the various phases and subphases of the cell cycle (Interphase: G1, S, G2, G0, M phase- Mitosis: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, Cytokinesis Meiosis-I (esp. Prophase I and Anaphase I) & Meiosis II(esp. Prophase II and Anaphase II) -Bea able to compare and contrast Mitosis vs. Meiosis I and Meiosis II -plant cell division vs. animal cell division -Controls of the cell cycle: internal controls, anchorage dependence, density-dependent inhibition, growth factors -Characteristics of cancer cells/tumors including the terms benign, malignant, metastasis -Somatic cells vs. Gametes -Factors that affect genetic diversity: independent assortment, crossing over, random fertilization -Chromosomal abnormalities (definitions and how they happen, NOT specific examples) nondisjunction, aneuploidy, trisomy, monosomy, deletions, duplications, inversions, translocations -Understand the differences between somatic vs gametes, diploid vs. haploid, 1n vs. 2n. -Be able to determine the number of chromosomes found in various cells as well as during various stages when given the number of chromosomes for various situations.  Mitosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Meiosis # of chromosomal duplications prior to Prophase # of cell divisions (sets) # of daughter cells produced # of chromosomes in daughter cells (n value) Areas in the body where the process occurs X X What is separated during Anaphase? X Genetic relationship of daughter cells to parent cells (Identical/Nonidentical) Types of daughter cells X X