Cell Transport PDF

- **RECEPTOR PROTEINS** - Trigger cellular responses upon binding specific molecules, e.g. hormones - **RECOGNITION PROTEINS** - Serve as identification tags on the surface of a cell - **ATTACHMENT PROTEINS** - Anchor the cell membrane to inner cytoskeleton, to proteins outside t...

- **RECEPTOR PROTEINS** - Trigger cellular responses upon binding specific molecules, e.g. hormones - **RECOGNITION PROTEINS** - Serve as identification tags on the surface of a cell - **ATTACHMENT PROTEINS** - Anchor the cell membrane to inner cytoskeleton, to proteins outside the cell, and to other cells - **TRANSPORT PROTEINS** - Include channel and carrier proteins - **A FLUID** - is a substance that can move or change shape in response to external forces - **A SOLUTE** - is a substance that can be dissolved (dispersed as ions or molecules) in a solvent - **A SOLVENT** - is a fluid capable of dissolving a solute - **A GRADIENT** - is a physical difference in temperature, pressure, charge, or concentration in two adjacent regions - **PASSIVE TRANSPORT** - Substances move down their concentration gradients across a membrane (No energy is expended) - **ACTIVE TRANSPORT** - Substances are driven against their concentration gradients (Energy is expended) - **SIMPLE DIFFUSION** - Lipid soluble molecules and very small molecules diffuse directly across the phospsholipid bilayer - **FACILITATED DIFFUSION** - Water soluble molecules like ions, amino acids, and sugars diffuse with the aid of channel and carrier transport proteins - **ISOTONIC** - solutions have equal concentrations of water and equal concentrations of dissolved substances - **HYPERTONIC** - solution is one with lower water concentration or higher dissolved particle concentration - **HYPOTONIC** - solution is one with higher water concentration or lower dissolved particle concentration - **RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS** - moves specific molecules into the cell - **PHAGOCYTOSIS** - ("cell eating") moves large particles or whole organisms into the cell - **PINOCYTOSIS** - ("cell drinking") brings in droplet of extracellular fluid - **EXOCYTOSIS** - Vesicles join the membrane, dumping out contents - **DESMOSOMES** - Attach Cells Together - **TIGHT JUNCTIONS** - Make Cell Attachments Leakproof - **GAP JUNCTIONS AND PLASMODESMATA** - Allow Direct Communication Between Cells