CELL MODULE 1 PDF

Evolve. Adapt. Overcome. CEFI is now ready. THE CELL CHEM 5_BIOCHEMISTRY CC 103_BIOCHEMISTRY for MLS HAZEL DOROTHY CESAR-VILAN, RCHE, MSC. College of Libera...

Evolve. Adapt. Overcome. CEFI is now ready. THE CELL CHEM 5_BIOCHEMISTRY CC 103_BIOCHEMISTRY for MLS HAZEL DOROTHY CESAR-VILAN, RCHE, MSC. College of Liberal Arts, Sciences, and Education  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. THE CELL Structural and functional unit of life May also be regarded as the basic unit of biological activity Smallest unit of matter that lives and that can make a new cell exactly like itself. Relatively small Not to small so as to contain large biomolecules Not too big so as to effect biochemical reactions through reactive collision No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. PROKARYOTES Greek: pro (before), karyon (nucleus) Lack a well-defined nucleus and possess relatively simple structure Single-celled organisms, include the bacteria No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. EUKARYOTES Greek: eu (true), karyon (nucleus) Possess a well-defined nucleus and are more complex in their structure and function Greater in volume than prokaryotic cells Composition of the higher organisms (animals and plants) No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. ORGANELLES Specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function Usually separately enclosed within its own membrane No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. NUCLEUS Large spherical and oval-shaped organelle containing the genetic material of the cell Site of DNA and RNA biosynthesis No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. NUCLEUS No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. MITOCHONDRION Greek: mitos (thread), chondros (granule) Double membrane-bound organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy metabolism No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. MITOCHONDRION No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Network of membrane-enclosed channels continuous with the nuclear pore. Processes and transports proteins from one site in the cell to another and contains enzymes responsible for detoxifying substances that gain entry to the cell. No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. GOLGI COMPLEX Membranous vesicles stacked upon one another with expanded bulges at their sides. Sorts and transports molecules for export into the plasma membrane or other cells. No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. GOLGI COMPLEX No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. LYSOSOME Lysosomes are organelles responsible for breaking down cellular waste. They are filled with digestive enzymes and have a low pH on the inside that allows the digestive enzymes to work. No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. LYSOSOME No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. PEROXISOME Also known as microbodies Attached to endoplasmic reticulum Membrane-bound spherical organelle smaller than lysosomes Contains oxidative enzymes No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. CYTOSOL Thick intracellular fluid where organelles and cell inclusions are suspended No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. CYTOSOL No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. INTEGRATION OF CELLULAR FUNCTIONS The eukaryotic cells perform a wide range of complex reactions/functions to maintain tissues and for the well-being of the whole organism. For this purpose, the various intracellular processes and biochemical reactions are tightly controlled and integrated No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer.  COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS, SCIENCES & EDUCATION Calayan Educational Foundation, Inc. INTEGRATION OF CELLULAR FUNCTIONS Cell death is the event of a biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions. This may be the result of the natural process of old cells dying and being replaced by new ones or may result from such factors as disease, localized injury, or the death of the organism of which cells are part. No part of this material may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the author or lecturer. Evolve. Adapt. Overcome. CEFI is now ready. Thank you for listening!