Casts and Bandages in Patient Care PDF

A cast is an immobilizing device made of plaster or fiberglass....

A cast is an immobilizing device made of plaster or fiberglass. It is molded to encase a specific body part Definition of Cast What is a Cast? to promote healing. Ensure the body part is rested and clean. Preparation Steps Casts are used primarily for fractures and Assess the skin for any lesions or musculoskeletal injuries. abnormalities. Hold the bandage in one hand and wrap around the body part. Casts immobilize the affected area to it prevent movement. Bandaging Technique Applying an Elastic Bandage Healing Promotion Ensure toes or fingertips are visible for assessment. They help in the proper alignment of bone fragments during healing. Use tape or pins to secure the bandage in place. Provide support for joints and bones in various conditions. Securing the Bandage Check for proper tension and coverage to Purposes of Casts Support and Stability avoid constriction. Used post-surgery to protect surgical sites and minimize movement. Gradually correct bone or joint deformities Correction of Deformities in conditions like clubfoot. Elastic bandages are stretchable fabric strips used for support. Definition and Purpose They provide compression to reduce swelling and stabilize injuries. Traditional casting material that hardens mixed when with water. Plaster of Paris (POP) Casts Apply from distal to proximal to promote venous return. Provides good support but is heavier and less breathable. Application Techniques Uses of Elastic Bandages Use various patterns (figure-eight, spi- based on the body part. Lighter and more durable than plaster… ral) Secure dressings and immobilize join… Types of Casts Fiberglass Casts Water-resistant and dries quickly, Benefits of Elastic Bandages reaching full rigidity in 30 min- Can be used for conditions like sprains and utes. varicose veins. Similar to fiberglass but made with polyester fabric. Polyester Casts Casts and Bandages Cotton or synthetic cast padding and Offers good strength while being stockinette. lightweight and water-resistant. Plaster or fiberglass rolls, warm water for Equipment Needed in Patient Care plaster casts. Caused by pressure on neurovascular and bony structures. Prepare the area and ensure all equipment is ready. Pressure Ulcers Can lead to necrosis and nerve palsies if not Casting Procedure Assisting with Casting monitored. Apply the cast padding and then the plaster or fiberglass. Results from increased pressure within confined a space. Monitor for swelling and adjust the cast if necessary. Symptoms include severe pain, Post-Casting Care Compartment Syndrome paresthesia, and pallor. Educate the patient on care and Complications Associated with maintenance of the cast. Casts Pain that is disproportionate to the in… Signs of Compartment Syn… Weak or absent pulse in the affected area. Keep the cast clean and dry; avoid moisture. Cast Care Instructions Can lead to nausea, anxiety, and Elevate the casted extremity to reduce respiratory issues. swelling. Immobility Complications Increased risk of urinary tract infections Regularly assess for signs of psychological and reactions. compartment syndrome. Monitoring for Complications Nursing Care for Patients with Casts Instruct patients to report any un- sensations or odors. Check for pain, swelling, and usual discoloration. Neurovascular Assess… Teach patients about the importance of not inserting objects under the cast. Assess capillary refill and pulse in the extremity. Patient Education Provide information on how to care for the cast during daily activities. Monitor for pressure ulcers and odor. Nursing Assessment for Patients Skin Integrity Assess… with Casts Check for drainage or signs of infection. Reposition the extremity and apply ice as needed. Pain Management Educate the patient on symptoms to report.