Castle Electricity Section 2 PDF

**Castle Electricity** **Section 2** Adding the resistor to the circuit: - Equal deflection on the compass flowing into and out of the resistor. - This means that inflow rate equals outflow rate and the moving charge is not used up passing through the resistor. - Bulbs and...

**Castle Electricity** **Section 2** Adding the resistor to the circuit: - Equal deflection on the compass flowing into and out of the resistor. - This means that inflow rate equals outflow rate and the moving charge is not used up passing through the resistor. - Bulbs and resistors hinder charge flow. - Resistors are added to circuits because of reliability as they don't heat up or burn out like bulbs do. Starbursts and Arrowtails - Brightest bulbs = fewer bulbs in a circuit - Dimmest bulbs = greater number of bulbs in a circuit - Greatest flow rate = fewer bulbs in a circuit - Least flow rate = greater number of bulbs in a circuit Resistor: circuit components made of an intermediate material (conductors and insulators) - an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic circuit. Resistance: the property of resistors that specifies the degree of ability to hold back charge flow - low resistance -- resistor that allows charge to go through easily. - high resistance - resistor that doesn't allow the charge to flow easily. - Measured in Ohms - Symbol is the Greek letter *omega* (Ω) Current: the flow rate of charge in a circuit - Measured in a unit called Ampere (A) - Flow rate is not the same idea as speed. - Flow rate is the net amount of charge per second. - Speed is the distance traveled per second. Lighting of the long vs. round bulb - Long bulb lit while the round bulb did not. - A long bulb has more resistance than a round bulb. Filaments in a bulb, supporting wires in a bulb, and connecting wires: - Filaments are the thinnest wires. - Supporting wires in the bulb are thicker than the filaments but not as thick as the connecting wires. - Connecting wires are the thickest. - Filament in the round bulb is thicker than in the long bulb. - Thickest to thinnest - Connecting wires, support wires, round bulb filaments, long bulb filaments - Long bulb filaments are the most difficult for flow rate. - Think back to the coffee straw and trying to blow out all the air. - Small portion on your hand - Connecting wires are the least difficult for flow rate. - Think back to the paper towel tube and trying to blow out all the air. - Air on the hand covered the entire area. - Small diameters = smaller flow rates = more difficult for air (charge) to flow - Large diameters = larger flow rates = less difficult for air (charge) to flow Series vs. parallel circuits - Series circuits are those circuits where the bulbs or resistors are one after another or are in series to each other. - Think back to the straws. You blew in one straw, then two straws taped together, and finally four straws taped together. - Flow rate is harder in these circuits. - Parallel circuits are those circuits where the bulbs or resistors lie side-by-side or parallel to each other. - Think back to the straws. You blew through one straw then four straws taped together. It was the easiest with the four straws taped together as it acted like a larger diameter straw. - Flow rate is easier in these circuits. Series vs Parallel Circuits: What\'s the Difference? Review: - Series circuits - More resistors in series = longer single resistance (4 straws taped end to end) - Greater resistance for charge flow. - All moving charges pass through every resistor. - Every part of the charge is resisted every time it passes through the resistor. - More series = single longer resistor = harder flow rate - Parallel circuits - More resistors in parallel = thicker single resistance (4 straws taped side by side) - Less resistance to charge flow. - The moving charge is split into parts. Each part will pass through only one resistor, so motion is only resisted once. - More parallel = single thicker resistor = easier flow rate