Canine Reproduction PDF

VTHT 2201 Canine and Feline Clinical Management Canine Reproduction Canine Estrous Cycle  4 stages  Proestrus – attracts male but won’t mate; blood-tinged vaginal discharge; vulva moderately enlarged  Estrus – serous, straw-colored discharge; vulva at peak...

VTHT 2201 Canine and Feline Clinical Management Canine Reproduction Canine Estrous Cycle  4 stages  Proestrus – attracts male but won’t mate; blood-tinged vaginal discharge; vulva moderately enlarged  Estrus – serous, straw-colored discharge; vulva at peak swelling; accepts male; breed every other day for one week  Diestrus – mucoid vaginal discharge that diminishes; +/- pregnancy; swelling of vulva resolves; won’t accept male; whelping occurs 57-58 days after onset  Anestrus – no outwardly apparent signs of heat; male shows no interest; uterus repairing Educating Clients About The Canine Estrous Cycle  First two stages referred to as “in heat” or “in season”  Client questions  How do I know when she’s in heat?  When should I breed her?  When will she deliver the pups?  Clinical observations and diagnostic tests provide info to answer these questions Canine Breeding  Female should be over 18 months old; usually breed on the 2nd or 3rd heat cycle  Stud dog should be over 18 months old  Both dogs should be current on vaccinations, HW preventative and parasite control  Male and female should have brucellosis test prior to breeding (Brucella canis)  Venereal disease  Bacterial infection  Rapid Slide Agglutination Test – very sensitive test; almost never have false negatives, but may produce false positives; positive tests should be confirmed with different test Canine Breeding Methods  Natural Breeding  Bring female to stud dog  Breed every other day once she is in estrus OR breed on days 3- 6/7 after Luteinizing Hormone surge (hormone testing must be done)  “Tie” can last 2-30 minutes; usually about 15  Do NOT attempt to separate  caused by swelling of bulbis glandis  Artificial Insemination  Fresh cooled semen  MUST use hormone testing, inseminate 3-6/7 days after L.H. surge Canine Pregnancy Facts  Lasts 63 days after ovulation  57-58 days from onset of diestrus  Pregnancy detection  Palpate amniotic sacs in uterus from around 25 to 35 days gestation  ultrasound after 21 days gestation  radiographs after 6-7 weeks gestation, can count puppies  blood test, relaxin, after 3-4 weeks gestation  Canine Healthcare During Pregnancy  Continue HW prev. and flea control  No MLV vaccines  Puppy food starting at 4 weeks gestation  Deworming?  Which common parasite may be transmitted across the placenta?  Canine roundworms  Which common parasites may be transmitted through milk?  Canine roundworms and hookworms  Are these parasites zoonotic?  YES! Parasite Control for Mom and Pups  Fenbendazole- treat female daily from day 40 of gestation until pups are 2 weeks old  Ivermectin- treat female on days 0, 30 and 60 of gestation, and again when pups are 10 days old (NEVER use high doses of ivermectin in herding breeds)  Treating puppies  Pyrantel Pamoate (Nemex, Strongid T)  2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks  Treat the dam right after the pups are born, then treat along with the pups