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# Bernoulli's Principle Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy. $\\bf{Bernoulli's \ Equation}$ $P_1 + \frac{1}{2} \rho v_1^2 + \rho g h_1 = P_2 + \frac{1}{2} \rho v_2^2 +...

# Bernoulli's Principle Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy. $\\bf{Bernoulli's \ Equation}$ $P_1 + \frac{1}{2} \rho v_1^2 + \rho g h_1 = P_2 + \frac{1}{2} \rho v_2^2 + \rho g h_2 $ where: * $P$ = absolute pressure of the fluid * $v$ = fluid velocity * $h$ = height of the point above a reference plane * $\rho$ = fluid density * $g$ = acceleration due to gravity **Simplified Bernoulli equation** $P + \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2 = constant$ This equation tells us that if the speed of a fluid increases, the pressure decreases, and vice versa. **Venturi effect** The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a fluid flows through a constricted section (or choke) of a pipe. The fluid's velocity must increase through the constriction to satisfy the principle of continuity, while its pressure must decrease to satisfy the principle of energy conservation: therefore the gain in kinetic energy is balanced by a drop in pressure. **Examples** 1. The curveball in baseball 2. An atomizer 3. The lift on an airplane wing 4. A chimney 5. Bunsen burner 6. Sail of a sailboat