C++ Programming Language PDF

C++ Programming Language C++ Introduction What is C++? C++ is a cross-platform language that can be used to create high-performance applications. C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, as an extension to the C language. C++ gives programmers a high level of control over system resour...

C++ Programming Language C++ Introduction What is C++? C++ is a cross-platform language that can be used to create high-performance applications. C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, as an extension to the C language. C++ gives programmers a high level of control over system resources and memory. The language was updated 4 major times in 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020 to C++11, C++14, C++17, C++20. Why Use C++ C++ is one of the world's most popular programming languages. C++ can be found in today's operating systems, Graphical User Interfaces, and embedded systems. C++ is an object-oriented programming language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs. C++ is portable and can be used to develop applications that can be adapted to multiple platforms. C++ is fun and easy to learn! As C++ is close to C, C# and Java, it makes it easy for programmers to switch to C++ or vice versa. Difference between C and C++ C++ was developed as an extension of C, and both languages have almost the same syntax. The main difference between C and C++ is that C++ support classes and objects, while C does not. C++ Getting Started C++ Get Started To start using C++, you need two things: A text editor, like Notepad, to write C++ code A compiler, like GCC, to translate the C++ code into a language that the computer will understand There are many text editors and compilers to choose from. C++ Install IDE An IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is used to edit AND compile the code. Popular IDE's include Code::Blocks, Eclipse, and Visual Studio. These are all free, and they can be used to both edit and debug C++ code. Note: Web-based IDE's can work as well, but functionality is limited. You can find the latest version of Codeblocks at http://www.codeblocks.org/. Download the mingw- setup.exe file, which will install the text editor with a compiler. C++ Quickstart Let's create our first C++ file. Open Codeblocks and go to File > New > Empty File. Write the following C++ code and save the file as myfirstprogram.cpp (File > Save File as): C++ Quickstart In Codeblocks, it should look like this: C++ Quickstart Then, go to Build > Build and Run to run (execute) the program. The result will look something to this: Congratulations! You have now written and executed your first C++ program. C++ Syntax C++ Syntax Example: Line 1: #include is a header file library that lets us work with input and output objects, such as cout (used in line 5). Header files add functionality to C++ programs. Line 2: using namespace std means that we can use names for objects and C++ Syntax Line 3: A blank line. C++ ignores white space. But we use it to make the code more readable. Line 4: Another thing that always appear in a C++ program, is int main(). This is called a function. Any code inside its curly brackets {} will be executed. C++ Syntax Line 5: cout (pronounced "see-out") is an object used together with the insertion operator (