Business or Consumer Models of E-commerce Transactions PDF

[Business or consumer models of e-commerce transactions] **[C2C (Consumer-to-consumer)]** E-commerce involves transactions between consumers, typically facilitated by a third-party platform. Online auctions are a common example of C2C e-commerce.\ In C2C e-commerce, consumers sell directly to other...

[Business or consumer models of e-commerce transactions] **[C2C (Consumer-to-consumer)]** E-commerce involves transactions between consumers, typically facilitated by a third-party platform. Online auctions are a common example of C2C e-commerce.\ In C2C e-commerce, consumers sell directly to other consumers.\ Examples include platforms like eBay where individuals can auction items to other individuals. **[B2B (Business-to-Business)]** refers to transactions between businesses, such as a manufacturer and a wholesaler, or a wholesaler and a retailer. It is not typically associated with auctions. **[B2C (Business-to-Consumer)]** involves businesses selling products or services directly to consumers. Examples include online retailers like Amazon, While B2C can involve sales, it is not primarily known for auctions. **[C2B (Consumer-to-Business)]** is where individuals sell products or offer services to businesses. Examples include freelance platforms where individuals offer their services to companies. This model does not typically involve auctions. **[B2G (Business-to-Government)]** is a variant of B2B model. Such as websites are used by governments to trade and exchange information with various business organizations. Such websites are accredited by the government and provide a medium to businesses to submit application forms to the government.\ - a business model in which companies sell products and services to government agencies. **[G2B (Government-to-Business]**) Government use B2G model websites to approach business organizations, such websites support auctions, tenders, and application submission functionalities. **[G2C (Government-to-Citizen]**)- Government use G2C model websites to approach citizen in general. Such websites support auctions of vehicles, machinery, or any other material. Such website also provides services like registration for birth, marriage or death certificates. The main objective of G2C websites is to reduce the average time for fulfilling citizen's requests for various government services. **[G2G (Government-to-Government]**) When the exchange of information and services is within the periphery of the government, is termed as G2G interaction. This can be both horizontal, i.e. among various government entities and vertical, i.e. between national, state and local government entities and within different levels of the entity. **[C2G (Consumer-to-Government)]** is an emerging e-Commerce model whose primary goal is to make it easier for people to use online services from government agencies.\ -Refers to transactions between consumers and government entities. - E-Government\ Refers to the application of e-commerce technologies to government and public to deliver government services and information to citizens. **[Advantages]** **Improved Efficiency**: One of the main advantages of e-government is the potential to improve the efficiency of the current paper-based system. By digitizing government services and information, e-government can streamline administrative processes, reduce paperwork, and save time and money. **Better Communication**: E-government also facilitates better communication between governments and businesses, creating a more open market and a stronger economy. For example, e-procurement allows smaller businesses to compete for government contracts, while larger businesses can access information and services more easily. **Accessibility**: As society becomes more mobile, e-government services can be accessed by citizens from anywhere in the country, at any time of the day. This increases the accessibility of public services and improves the overall customer experience. **Transparenc**y: E-government can improve government transparency by allowing the public to be informed about what the government is working on and the policies they are trying to implement. This creates a more informed and engaged citizenry, which can lead to more accountability and better decision-making. **[Disadvantages]** **Lack of Equality in Public Access**: One of the main disadvantages of e-government is the lack of equality in public access to the internet. While many people have access to the internet, there are still many who do not, particularly in developing countries. This can create a digital divide, where some citizens are unable to access government services or information online. **Reliability of Information**: The reliability of information on the web is also a concern. Citizens may not be able to discern between accurate and inaccurate information, which could lead to misinformation and biased public opinions. **Hidden Agendas**: There is also the concern that government groups may have hidden agendas that could influence and bias public opinions. E-government systems must be designed to prevent this from happening and promote transparency and accountability. **Impacts on Economic, Social, and Political Factors**: The implementation and design of e-government can have potential implications for economic, social, and political factors. E-government can lead to the disintermediation of the government and citizens, which can impact power dynamics and potentially lead to social unrest. **Vulnerability to Cyber Attacks**: E-government systems are vulnerable to cyber attacks, which can compromise sensitive information and undermine public trust in the government. E-government systems must be designed with security in mind to prevent these types of attacks. **Cost**: Although a large amount of money is spent on the development and implementation of e-government, the outcomes and effects of trial internet-based governments are often difficult to gauge or unsatisfactory. Technology keeps changing, and if the technology becomes obsolete, it can prohibit the effectiveness of e-government. The adoption of any technology platform needs to be assessed carefully and balanced not based on what is needed now, but also what the future requires. **Inaccessibility**: E-government sites that provide web-based access and support often do not offer the potential to reach many users, including those who live in remote areas, have low literacy levels, or exist on poverty line incomes. Some sort of hybrid system may be required to co-exist as the e-government journey transitions.