BUP GK Lecture 2 PDF

BUP Short Course GK Lecture # 02 Organizations (International): RvwZmsN I evsjv‡`k  evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c` jvf K‡i- 17 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1974...

BUP Short Course GK Lecture # 02 Organizations (International): RvwZmsN I evsjv‡`k  evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c` jvf K‡i- 17 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1974 RvwZmsN (29Zg Awa‡ek‡b)|  evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni- 136 Zg m`m¨|  evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡` (UNGA) mfvcwZZ¡ K‡i- 1986 mv‡j|  mvaviY cwil‡` cÖ_g evsjv‡`kx mfvcwZ- ûgvqyb ikx` †P․ayix (41Zg Awa‡ek‡b)| RvwZmsN cÖwZôvi Rb¨ wewfbœ †NvlYv I m‡¤§jb  evsjv‡`k wbivcËv cwil‡` (UNSC) 2 evi A¯’vqx m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ bvg mgq wewea Z_¨ nq| 1g evi- 1978 mv‡j Ges 2q evi- 1999 mv‡j| `vwqZ¡  Rvg©vwb weª‡Ub‡K Avµg‡Yi †cÖwÿ‡Z cvjb K‡i- 1979-80 mv‡j Ges 2000-2001 mv‡j| BD‡iv‡ci 9wU cÖevmx miKvi we‡k¦ jÛb †NvlYv 12 Ryb  evsjv‡`‡ki c‡ÿ wbivcËv cwil‡`i mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib- Av‡bvqvi- 1941 kvwšÍ I wbivcËvi Rb¨ jÛ‡bi †Rgm cÖvmv‡` †h †NvlYv †`q ZvB jÛb Dj-Kwig †P․ayix (me©‡kl- Ryb, 2001 mv‡j)| †NvlYv|  RvwZms‡N cÖ_g evsjv‡`wk wn‡m‡e AvÛvi †m‡µUvwi †Rbv‡ij  gvwK©b †cÖwm‡W›U iæR‡fë I weªwUk wbe©vwPZ nb- Avwgiv nK| AvUjvw›UK 14 AvMó cÖavbgš¿x DBb÷b PvwP©j AvUjvw›UK  1985-86 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni gvbevwaKvi Kwgk‡bi †Pqvig¨v‡bi gnvmvM‡i weªwUk †b․-Zix (wcÖ‡Ým `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib- wePvicwZ Ave~ mvC` †P․ayix| mb` 1941 Ae I‡qjm) G AvUjvw›UK mb` ¯^vÿi K‡ib|  RvwZms‡N evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g ¯’vqx cÖwZwbwa- Gm.G Kwig|  50wU †`‡ki cÖwZwbwaiv 111 aviv  RvwZms‡N evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g bvix ¯’vqx cÖwZwbwa- BmgZ Rvnvb| m¤^wjZ RvwZmsN mb` ¯^vÿi K‡ib|  †kL gywReyi ingvb RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡` evsjvq fvlY 25 GwcÖj-  1945 mv‡ji 15 A‡±vei 51Zg †`k †`b- 25 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1974 (29Zg Awa‡ek‡b)| mvbd«vwÝm‡Kv 26 Ryb wn‡m‡e †cvj¨vÛ RvwZmsN mb‡`  21 †deªæqvwi‡K ÔAvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv w`emÕ wn‡m‡e RvwZmsN m‡¤§jb 1945 ¯^vÿi K‡i| ¯^xK…wZ †`q- 5 wW‡m¤^i, 2008|  1945 mv‡ji 24 A‡±vei G mb` Kvh©Ki nq|  RvwZms‡N evsjv‡`‡ki m`m¨c` jv‡fi weiæ‡× †f‡Uv cª`vbKvix †`k- Pxb| RvwZms‡Ni gnvmwPe/†m‡µUvwi †Rbv‡ij RvwZms‡Ni kvwšÍiÿv Kvh©µg bvg †`k Kvh©Kvj wewea Z_¨  kvwšÍiÿx evwnbx MVb Kiv nq- cÖ_g Avie-BmivBj hy‡×i †cÖÿvc‡U| 1. wUªM‡fwj biI‡q 1946-53  cÖ_g gnvmwPe|  cÖ_g kvwšÍ wgk‡bi bvg wQj- UNTSO|  1961 mv‡j wegvb  RvwZmsN cÖ_g kvwšÍ wgkb/kvwšÍiÿv Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i- 1948 2. `¨vM `yN©Ubvq gviv hvb| mv‡j (wdwjw¯Í‡b)| myB‡Wb 1953-61 n¨vgvi‡kvì  1961 mv‡j gi‡YvËi  evsjv‡`k kvwšÍiÿv wgk‡b cÖ_g AskMÖnY K‡i- 1988 mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‥vi cvb| (UNIIMOG Gi gva¨‡g/ BivK-Bivb wgk‡bi gva¨‡g)| 3. D _v›U gvqvbgvi 1961-71  RvwZms‡Ni cÖ_g  RvwZms‡Ni kvwšÍiÿx‡`i wki¯¿v‡Yi is- bxj| (wg÷vi Gwkqv) Gkxq gnvmwPe|  evsjv‡`k cywjk evwnbx cÖ_g RvwZmsN wgk‡b AskMÖnY K‡i-  GKgvÎ gymjgvb 1997- 1989 mv‡j| 7. Kwd Avbvb Nvbv gnvmwPe Ges †bv‡ej 2006 Rqx (2001 mv‡j)| RvwZms‡Ni Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’v 8. evb wK gyb `. 2007-16  Gwkqv †_‡K wØZxq †Kvwiqv wbe©vwPZ gnvmwPe| WHO (World Health Organization) 9. A¨v‡šÍvwbI cZ©yMvj 1 Rvbyqvwi,  cZ©yMv‡ji mv‡eK  wek¦ ¯^v¯’¨ w`em- 7 GwcÖj| ¸‡Z‡im 2017- cÖavbgš¿x|  m`i `ßi- †R‡bfv| BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 1  UNESCO  IMF cÖwZwôZ nq- 27 wW‡m¤^i, 1945|  m`i `ßi- IqvwksUb wWwm|  ‣e‡`wkK evwY‡R¨i fvimvg¨ Kgv‡Z FY †`q- AvBGgGd| Asian Development Bank (ADB)  UNESCO- United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization.  Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i- 1946 mv‡j|  evsjv‡`k Gi m`m¨c` jvf K‡i- 19 A‡±vei, 1972|  m`i `dZi/cÖavb Kvh©vjq- c¨vwim|  cÖwZwôZ nq- 22 AvM÷, 1966| UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund)  m`i `ßi- g¨vwbjv (wdwjcvBb)|  evsjv‡`k Gi m`m¨c` jvf K‡i- 1973 mv‡j|  m`i `ßi- wbDBqK©|  kvwšÍ‡Z †bv‡ej cvq- 1965 mv‡j| AvšÍR©vwZK A_©‣bwZK †RvU UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) BRICS  MwVZ nq- 16 †g 2008|  m`m¨ †`k- 10wU (eªvwRj, ivwkqv, fviZ, Pxb, `wÿY Avwd«Kv, wgmi, mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ, †m․w` Avie, Bivb I Bw_Iwcqv)|  G †Rv‡Ui D‡`¨v‡M cÖwZwôZ e¨vsK- NDB|  m`i `ßi- wbDBqK©, hy³ivóª|  G †RvU IMF Gi g‡Zv GKwU cÖwZôvb|  GwU ¯^‡ívbœZ †`kmgy‡ni Dbœq‡bi Kv‡R mgš^q K‡i| Avwmqvb (ASEAN) UNHCR  ASEAN- Association of South East Asian Nations.  UNHCR- United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees.  m`i `ßi- RvKvZ©v, B‡›`v‡bwkqv|  m`i `ßi- †R‡bfv, myBRvij¨vÛ|  eZ©gvb m`m¨- 10wU (B‡›`v‡bwkqv, gvj‡qwkqv, wm½vcyi, wdwjcvBb,  kvwšÍ‡Z †bv‡ej cyi¯‥vi cvq- 1954, 1981 mv‡j| _vBj¨vÛ, eªæbvB, wf‡qZbvg, jvIm, gvqvbgvi Ges K‡¤^vwWqv)| Avw_©K cÖwZôvb/ms¯’v mvK© (SAARC)  SAARC- South Asian Association for Regional Co- World Bank operation/`w¶Y Gkxq AvÂwjK mn‡hvMxZv ms¯’v |  mvK© cÖwZôvi D‡`¨v³v- wRqvDi ingvb (1980 mv‡j)|  mvK© MV‡bi cÖ¯ÍveKvix †`k- evsjv‡`k|  mwPevjq/m`i `ßi- †bcvj|  cÖwZwôZ nq- 8 wW‡m¤^i, 1985, XvKvq|  eZ©gvb m`m¨ msL¨v- 8wU (evsjv‡`k, fviZ, cvwK¯Ívb, kªxjsKv, †bcvj, gvjØxc, fyUvb I AvdMvwb¯Ívb)|  wek^e¨vs‡Ki m`i `ßi/cÖavb Kvh©vjq- IqvwksUb wWwm|  me©‡kl m`m¨ †`k- AvdMvwb¯Ívb (2007 mv‡j)|  hy³iv‡óªi wbD n¨v¤úkvqv‡ii weªUb DWm kn‡i m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq- 1-22 RyjvB 1944|  cÖ_g gnvmwPe- Aveyj Avnmvb (evsjv‡`k)|  G m‡¤§j‡bi wm×všÍ Abyhvqx MwVZ nq- IBRD I IMF|  cÖ_g kxl© m‡¤§jb/‣eVK AbywôZ nq- 1985 mv‡j, XvKvq|  IBRD †h bv‡g cwiwPZ- World Bank  wØcvwÿK mgm¨v wb‡q mvK© m‡¤§j‡b Av‡jvPbv- nq bv|  IBRD- International Bank for Reconstruction &  mvK©fy³ †h †`‡k mvgwiK evwnbx †bB- gvjØxc| Development.  mvK©fy³ ¯’j‡ewóZ ivóª- AvdMvwb¯Ívb, †bcvj I fyUvb|  IBRD cÖwZwôZ nq- 1944 mv‡j (Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i- 1946 mv‡j)|  mvK© AvenvIqv M‡elYv †K›`ª cÖwZwôZ- 1995 mv‡j (m`i `ßi- XvKv, evsjv‡`k)| IMF (International Monetary Fund) BD‡ivcxq BDwbqb (EU)  we‡k^i e„nËg A_©‣bwZK †RvU|  cÖwZwôZ nq- 1995 mv‡j|  BBwm (BD‡ivcxq B‡KvbwgK KwgDwbwU) †_‡K BBD (BD‡ivcxq BDwbqb) nq- 1993 mv‡j| 2 BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02  BBwm cÖwZôv jvf K‡i- †ivg Pzw³i gva¨‡g|  m`i `ßi- †R‡bfv, my&BRvij¨vÛ|  m`i `ßi- eªv‡mjm|  cÖwZ eQi †iWµm w`em cvwjZ nq- 8 †g (Wybv‡›Ui Rb¥w`b)|  GKK gy`ªv- BD‡iv|  kvwšÍ‡Z †bv‡ej cyi¯‥vi cvq- 1917, 1944, 1963 mv‡j|  BD‡iv gy`ªv Pvjy nq- 1 Rvbyqvwi, 1999|  BD‡iv †Rv‡bi m`m¨ †`k- 20wU (G‡¯Ívwbqv, mvBcÖvm, †ejwRqvg, AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi ms¯’v †µv‡qwkqv, Rvg©vwb, d«vÝ, wdbj¨vÛ, Avqvij¨vÛ, wMÖm, BZvwj, UªvÝcv‡iwÝ B›Uvib¨vkbvj (Transparency International) jvUwfqv, wj_ywbqv, jy‡·gevM©, †b`vij¨vÛm, gvëv, cZz©Mvj,  UªvÝcv‡iwÝ B›Uvib¨vkbvj- Rvg©vwbwfwËK AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v| †¯úb, †¯øv‡fwbqv, †¯øvfvwKqv I Aw÷ªqv|  UªvÝcv‡iwÝ B›Uvib¨vkbv‡ji cÖavb KvR- gvbevwaKvi jsN‡bi  †ew·U- BD‡ivwcqvb BDwbqb †_‡K weª‡U‡bi Avjv`v nIqv| wec‡ÿ KvR Kiv|  mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv †`Iqv nq- 1948 mv‡j| ivR‣bwZK †RvU Bmjvwg mn‡hvwMZv m‡¤§jb ms¯’v (OIC) A¨vg‡bw÷ B›Uvib¨vkbvj (Amnesty International)  OIC- Organization of Islamic Co-operation.  GKwU gvbevwaKvi welqK AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v|  cÖwZwôZ nq- 1969 mv‡j, ivev‡Z (Avj-AvKmv gmwR‡` Av¸b  m`i `ßi- jÛb| †`Iqv‡K †K›`ª K‡i)|  kvwšÍ‡Z †bv‡ej cyi¯‥vi cvq- 1977 mv‡j|  cÖavb Kvh©vjq/mwPevjq- †RÏv, †m․w` Avie| m`i `ßi mswkøó ms¯’v  Gi `vßwiK fvlv- 3wU| AvšÍR©vwZK kÖg ms¯’v (ILO), AvšÍR©vwZK  evsjv‡`k OIC Gi m`m¨c` jvf K‡i- 1974 mv‡j (jv‡nv‡i, †Uwj‡hvMv‡hvM BDwbqb (ITU), wek¦ AvenvIqv ms¯’v 2q m‡¤§j‡b)| (WMO), wek¦ eyw×e„wËK m¤ú` ms¯’v (WIPO), wek¦  †h Agymwjg †`k OIC Gi m`m¨c‡`i Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡i‡Q- ivwkqv| ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v (WHO), wek¦ evwYR¨ ms¯’v (WTO),  gymwjg cÖavb bv n‡qI OIC Gi m`m¨- DMvÛv, K¨v‡giæb, †ewbb, RvwZmsN kiYv_x© welqK nvBKwgkb (UNHCR), †gvRvw¤^K, Mvqvbv, mywibvg| Av¼UvW (UNCTAD), AvšÍR©vwZK evwYR¨ †K›`ª (ITC), gvbevwaKvi welqK RvwmZsN nvBKwgkbv‡ii mvgwiK †RvU I cywjk ms¯’v Kvh©vjq (OHRISD), RvwZmsN cÖwkÿY I M‡elYv †R‡bfv, Bbw÷DU (UNRISD), RvwZmsN gvbevwaKvi NATO KvDwÝj, B›Uvib¨vkbvj †iWµm KwgwU (ICRC), myBRvij¨vÛ B›Uvi-cvj©v‡g›Uvwi BDwbqb (IPU), AvšÍR©vwZK GBWm †mvmvBwU (IAS), AvBGmI (ISO), B›Uvi‡bU Mf‡b©Ý †dvivg (IGF), B›Uvib¨vkbvj wmwfj wW‡dÝ AM©vbvB‡Rkb (ICDO), B›Uvib¨vkbvj †ivW Uªv݇cvU© BDwbqb (IRU), BD‡ivcxq A_©‣bwZK  NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Kwgkb (ECE)  cÖwZwôZ nq- 4 GwcÖj, 1949| wek¦ e¨vsK, AvBweAviwW (IBRD), AvBwWG IqvwksUb (IDA), AvBGdwm (IFC), AvBwmGmAvBwW  eZ©gvb m`i `ßi- eªv‡mjm, †ejwRqvg| wWwm, hy³ivóª (ICSID), wgMv (MIGA), AvšÍR©vwZK gy`ªv Znwej  NATO fz³ BD‡iv‡ci evB‡ii †`k- hy³ivóª I Zzi¯‥|  NATO MwVZ nq- ¯œvqyhyׇK †K›`ª K‡i (hy³iv‡óªi †bZ…‡Z¡)| (IMF), B›Uvi-Av‡gwiKvb Dbœqb e¨vsK (IDB)  NATO fz³ gymwjg †`k- Zzi¯‥ I Avj‡ewbqv| RvwZmsN (UN), BDwb‡md (UNICEF), RvwZmsN wbDBqK©, Dbœqb Kg©m~wP (UNDP), RvwZmsN RbmsL¨v hy³ivóª Znwej (UNFPA), UN WOMEN, †Rv›Uv B›Uvi‡cvj (INTERPOL) B›Uvib¨vkbvj, Aviwem  INTERPOL- International Police Organization (AvšÍR©vwZK †RÏv, Bmjvgx mn‡hvwMZv ms¯’v (OIC), Bmjvgx Dbœqb cywjk ms¯’v)| †m․w` Avie e¨vsK (IDB)  m`i `ßi- wjIu, d«vÝ| AvwÏm Avevev, Avwd«Kvb A_©‣bwZK Kwgkb (ECA), Avwd«Kvb  evsjv‡`k INTERPOL Gi m`m¨c` jvf K‡i- 1976 mv‡j| Bw_Iwcqv BDwbqb (AU) †ivg, BZvwj Lv`¨ I K…wl ms¯’v (FAO), AvšÍR©vwZK K…wl Dbœqb AvšÍR©vwZK †mev ms¯’v Znwej (IFAD), wek¦ Lv`¨ Kg©m~wP (WFP) †iW µm (RED CROSS) w` †nM, AvšÍR©vwZK wePvi Av`vjZ (ICJ), ivmvqwbK A¯¿  B›Uvib¨vkbvj KwgwU Ae `¨v †iWµm (AvBwmAviwm) ev ms‡ÿ‡c †iW †b`vij¨vÛm wbwl×KiY ms¯’v (OPCW), AvšÍR©vwZK Aciva µm n‡jv we‡k¦i `yt¯’ gvbeZvi †mevq wb‡qvwRZ AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v| Av`vjZ (ICC), BD‡iv‡cvj  cÖwZwôZ nq- 9 †deªæqvwi, 1863| c¨vwim, d«vÝ BD‡b‡¯‥v (UNESCO), IBwmwW (OECD),  cÖwZôvZv- †nbwi Wybv›U (myBRvij¨vÛ)| B›Uvib¨vkbvj †P¤^vi Ae Kgvm© (ICC) BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 3 jÛb, hy³ivR¨ AvšÍR©vwZK mgy`ª PjvPj ms¯’v (IMO), 10. Where is the headquarters of the World Trade KgbI‡qj_, A·dvg B›Uvb¨vkbvj, A¨vg‡bw÷ Organization (WTO)? [BUP (FBS) 22-23] B›Uvib¨vkbvj, j¨vwUb BDwbqb A. SwitzerlandB. United States XvKv, evsjv‡`k C. Mexico D. United Kingdom wmiWvc (CIRDAP), AvBwmwWwWAviwe 11. Which of the following is not a member state of (ICDDRB), AvšÍR©vwZK gvZ…fvlv Bbw÷wUDU, BRICS? [BUP, FBS, (22-23)]: mvK© K…wl †K›`ª (SAC), mvK© AvenvIqv M‡elYv A. Brazil B. Romania C. Russia D. India †K›`ª (SMRC), AvšÍR©vwZK cvU M‡elYv MÖæc 12. In which year did Bangladesh become a member of (IJSG), I wem‡UK (BIMSTEC) the IMF? [BUP (FBS) 22-23] bvB‡ivwe, A. 1993 B. 1945 C. 1972 D. 1977 RvwZmsN cwi‡ek Kg©m~wP (UNEP), RvwZmsN †Kwbqv 13. Sundarban is Declared as 'World Heritage' by- gvbe emwZ †K›`ª (UN-HABITAT) [BUP (FBS) 22-23] wf‡qbv, Aw÷ªqv wmwUwewUI (CTBTO), RvwZmsN wkí Dbœqb ms¯’v A. UNDP B. ILO (UNIDO), AvšÍR©vwZK AvYweK kw³ ms¯’v C. UNICEF D. UNESCO (IAEA), gv`K wbqš¿Y I Aciva wb‡iva `ßi 14. Which conference is committed to the formation of the Green Climate Fund? [BUP (FBS) 23-24] (UNODC), I‡cK (OPEC), IGmwmB (OSCE) A.Berlin Conference B. Cancun Conference eªv‡mjm, BD‡ivcxq BDwbqb (EU), †e‡bjv· C. Copenhagen Conference D. Durban Conference †ejwRqvg (BENELUX), b¨v‡Uv (NATO), Avwd«Kv- 15. Which SAARC country has the highest growth rate K¨vwiweqvb A¨vÛ c¨vwmwdK MÖæc Ae †÷Um (ACP) of population? [DU B 22-23] A. Maldives B. India m‡¤§jb C. Afghanistan D. Bangladesh Answer  RvwZms‡Ni D‡`¨‡M cÖ_g wek^ gwnjv m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq-†gw·‡Kv wmwU|  RvwZms‡Ni D‡`¨v‡M cÖ_g cwi‡ek welqK m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq- 01.D 02.B 03.B 04.B 05.A 06.B 07.B 08.B wiI wW †Rwb‡iv| 09.B 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.C  cÖ_g wek^ gvbevwaKvi m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq- wf‡qbvq|  cÖ_g AvšÍR©vwZK kvwšÍ m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq- jÛ‡b, 1843 mv‡j| World Politics/War Previous Years’ Questions cÖ_g wek¦hy× 1. Which country was elected as the Chair of the United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in 2022? [DU B 22-23]  ïiæ- 28 RyjvB, 1914| A. Philippines B. Sri Lanka  G hy‡× hy³ivóª mivmwi †hvM †`q- 6 GwcÖj, 1917| C. India D. Bangladesh  wgÎkw³i mv‡_ Rvg©vwbi hy×weiwZi Pzw³ m¤úvw`Z nq- 2. Which of the following is the native country of the ÔAvwg©wbw÷m mwÜÕi gva¨‡g| current Secretary-General of the United Nations? [7 College B 22-23]  Rvg©vwb AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i- 11 b‡f¤^i, 1918| A. Egypt B. Portugal C. Brazil D. Peru  cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×i mgvwßi j‡ÿ¨ kvwšÍPzw³ m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ 32wU †`‡ki 3. Who was the firs woman President of the United cÖwZwbwa wgwjZ nb- d«v‡Ýi c¨vwi‡m (18 Rvbyqvwi, 1919)| Nations General Assembly? [7 College B 22-23]  wgÎkw³i mv‡_ Rvg©vwbi ÔwØZxq fvm©vB Pzw³ (Treaty of A. Momota Banarjee B. Prativa Patil Versailles)Õ m¤úvw`Z nq- 28 Ryb, 1919 (d«v‡Ýi fvm©vB C. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit D. Mayabati 4. Which one of the following is the oldest international ivRcÖvmv‡`i Ônj Ae wgiiÕ-G)| G Pzw³i gva¨‡g cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×i news agency in the world? [DU B 23-24] AvbyôvwbK mgvwß N‡U| A. CNN B. AFP C. BBC D. Reuters  hy‡×i †kl/Aemvb- 11 b‡f¤^i, 1918| 5. _____ is not a member of ASEAN [7 College B 23-24]  G hy‡× Rqjvf K‡i- wgÎkw³| A. Thailand B. Cambodia C. India D. Laos  G hy‡×i †cÖwÿ‡Z MwVZ nq- RvwZcyÄ| 6. The first intangible cultural heritage of Bangladesh declared by UNESCO is? [7 College 23-24] cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×i mgq.... A. Rickshaw art B. Baul song C. Gamvira D. Pata painting A¶kw³i †`k wgÎc¶/wgÎkw³i †`k 7. How many member-state are in the United Nations? Rvg©vwb, Aw÷ªqv, nv‡½wi weª‡Ub, d«vÝ, †ejwRqvg, mvwe©qv, ivwkqv, [7 College B 23-24) I Zzi¯‥ BZvwj I hy³ivóª A. 180 B. 193 C. 199 D. 201 8. FBI is the intelligence agency of [7 College B 23-24] cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×i mgq.... A. India B. The USA C. France D. The UK 9. The name of the women development fund of UN hy³iv‡óªi †cÖwm‡W›U D‡Wªv DBjmb is_____ [7 College B 23-24] ivwkqvi m¤ªvU Rvi wb‡Kvjvm (wØZxq) A. UN Women B. UNIFEM wgÎkw³i mvgwiK evwnbxi cÖavb †Rbv‡ij dP C. Equity Fund D. Gender Equity Fund 4 BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02  wØZxq wek¦hy× wØZxq wek¦hy‡×.....  c„w_exi BwZnv‡m me‡P‡q fqven, i³¶qx I e¨qeûj hy×| weªwUk AwabvqK †Rbv‡ij g‡›U‡Mvgvwi  ïiæ- 1 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1939| ivwkqvi mgibvqK †Rbv‡ij wj‡mv‡gv ÷¨vwjb  †kl/mgvwß- 2 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1945| Av‡gwiKvi mgibvqK †Rbv‡ij AvB‡Rb nvIqvi  Rvg©vwbi weiæ‡× weª‡Ub I d«vÝ hy× †NvlYv K‡i- 1939 mv‡j|  wnUjv‡ii †mbvevwnbx cÖ_g bq gv‡m PgKcª` weRq jvf K‡i- we‡k¦i D‡jøL‡hvM¨ hy×mg~n weørmwµM iYbxwZi Rb¨| hy‡×i bvg mgqKvj wewea  giæf~wg‡Z hy× K‡i Ô†WRvU© e¨vUÕ Dcvwa cvb-†Rbv‡ij g‡›U‡Mvgvwi  `yBwU cÿ: ivwkqv- Zzi¯‥, weª‡Ub, (weª‡Ub)| d«vÝ, m¨viwWbv|  Ô†WRvU© d·Õ bv‡g cwiwPZ- wdì gvk©vj †iv‡gj| wµwgqvi 1853-1856  G hy‡× ivwkqv civwRZ nq|  G hy‡×i mgq †Kvwiqv wQj- Rvcv‡bi Aax‡b| hy×  Ô†d¬v‡iÝ bvBwU‡½jÕ bvgwU G  G hy‡×i ïiæ‡Z weª‡U‡bi cÖavbgš¿x wQ‡jb- †P¤^vi‡jb| hy‡×i mv‡_ RwoZ|  G hy‡× evsjv‡`k mg_©b †`q- weª‡Ub‡K|  `yBwU cÿ: `w¶YvÂjxq 11wU  †h w`b‡K V-Day (Victory Day) wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq-8 †g, 1945| Av‡gwiKvi 1861-1865 ivR¨ I DËiv‡ji 11wU ivR¨|  †h w`b‡K D-Day (Dawn Day) wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq- 6 Ryb, M„nhy×  djvdj: Dˇii ivR¨¸‡jv Rqx nq| 1944 (G w`b BD‡iv‡ci g~j f~LЇK Rvg©vb `Ljgy³ Kivi Rb¨  GwU †MwUmevM© hy× bv‡g cwiwPZ| wgÎevwnbxi A‡bK mb¨ big¨vwÛ‡Z AeZiY K‡i)|  Pxb-Rvcv‡bi g‡a¨ G hy× nq|  wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ÔwcZ…f~wgÕ ejv nq- ivwkqv‡K| cÖ_g Pxb-  †Kvwiqvi cÖ‡kœ Rvcv‡bi m‡½ 1894-1895 Px‡bi G hy× nq|  G hy‡× hy³iv‡óªi AskMÖn‡Yi cÖZ¨ÿ KviY- cvj© nviev‡i †evgvel©Y| Rvcvb hy×  hy‡× Rvcvb Rqx n‡q di‡gvRv I  wØZxq wek¦hy‡× Ôevdvi †÷UÕ wQj- †ejwRqvg| †Kvwiqv n¯ÍMZ K‡i|  Rvcv‡bi wn‡ivwkgv I bvMvmvwKi ¯§„wZ ivLvi Rb¨ wbwg©Z ¯§„wZ¯Í¤¢-  gvÂzwiqvi `Lj wb‡q G hy× wcm †g‡gvwiqvj cvK©| wØZxq Pxb- msNwUZ nq|  G hy‡×i ci hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Kiv n‡qwQj- Rvg©vwbi by¨‡igev‡M©| 1937-1945 Rvcvb hy×  hy‡× Rvcvb Rqx n‡q gvÂzwiqv  wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i †cÖwÿ‡Z MwVZ nq- RvwZmsN| `Lj K‡i|  DËi I `w¶Y †Kvwiqvi g‡a¨ G hy× nq| wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i KwZcq NUbv....  1950 mv‡j ivwkqv DËi 1 †m‡Þ¤^i, Rvg©vwbi wnUjvi †cvj¨vÛ AvµgY Ki‡j G hy‡×i †Kvwiqv‡K I hy³ivóª `w¶Y 1939 m~Pbv nq| †Kvwiqv‡K mnvqZv K‡i|  G msKU‡K †K›`ª K‡i 1950 22 Ryb, 1941 wnUjvi †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb AvµgY K‡ib| †Kvwiqv hy× 1950-1953 mv‡j mvaviY cwil‡` ÔkvwšÍi 7 wW‡m¤^i, Rvcvb gvwK©b cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMixq †b․NuvwU Ôcvj© Rb¨ HK¨ cÖ¯ÍveÕ (Uniting for 1941 nvieviÕ AvµgY K‡i| peace resolution) M„nxZ nq| 11 wW‡m¤^i, 1941 Rvg©vwb hy³iv‡óªi weiæ‡× hy× †NvlYv K‡i|  1953 mv‡j G hy‡×i Aemvb N‡U (RvwZms‡Ni ga¨¯’Zvq hy× 2 †g, 1945 iækevwnbx evwj©‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i| weiwZ Pzw³i gva¨‡g)| 8 †g, 1945 Rvg©vwb AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i|  G ch©šÍ Avie-BmivB‡ji 4wU hy³iv‡óªi †cÖwm‡W›U Uªyg¨v‡bi wb‡`©‡k wn‡ivwkgvq ÔwjUj hy× msNwUZ nq| 6 AvM÷, 1945 eqÕ bvgK cvigvYweK/GUg †evgv wb‡ÿc Kiv nq|  1956 mv‡j wgki my‡qRLvj hy³ivóª bvMvmvwK‡Z Ôd¨vUg¨vbÕ bvgK cvigvYweK RvZxqKiY Ki‡j wØZxq Avie- 9 AvM÷, 1945 BmivBj hy× msNwUZ nq| †evgv wb‡ÿc K‡i|  ivwkqvi ûgwK‡Z BmivBj hy× 14 AvM÷, 1945 Rvcvb hy×weiwZ †NvlYv K‡i, AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i| weiwZ †g‡b †bq|  1967 mv‡j Z…Zxq Avie- wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i mgq.... 1948-49 BmivBj hy‡× BmivBj A¶kw³i †`k wgÎc¶/wgÎkw³i †`k mv‡j, †RiæRv‡j‡gi A‡bK Ask, Avie- 1956 mv‡j, cwðg Zxi, wmbvB I MvRvmn Rvg©vwb, Rvcvb I BZvwj ivwkqv, †cvj¨vÛ, d«vÝ, weª‡Ub I hy³ivóª BmivBj hy× 1967 mv‡j, wmwiqvi gvjf~wg `Lj K‡i| 1973 mv‡j wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i mgq....  G hy× ¯’vqx wQj- 6 w`b| hy³iv‡óªi †cÖwm‡W›U d«v¼wjb wW iæR‡fë I n¨vwi Gm Uªyg¨vb  BmivBj c~e© †RiæRv‡jg `Lj K‡i- 1967 mv‡j| Rvg©vwbi P¨v‡Ýji GWjd wnUjvi  †Mvjvb gvjf~wg wb‡q we‡iva- ivwkqvi †cÖwm‡W›U †hv‡md ÷¨vwjb wmwiqv I BmivB‡ji| BZvwji cÖavbgš¿x gy‡mvwjwb  1973 mv‡j PZz_© Avie-BmivBj hy³iv‡R¨i/weªwUk cÖavbgš¿x †P¤^vi‡jb I DBÝ÷b PvwP©j hy‡× wgki wmbvB cybt`©Lj K‡i| Rvcv‡bi mgªvU wn‡ivwn‡Zv  G hy× ¯’vqx wQj- 18 w`b| BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 5   `yBwU cÿ: `w¶Y wf‡qZbvg I  Kvk¥xi wb‡q cvwK¯Ívb I fvi‡Zi DËi wf‡qZbvg| g‡a¨ G hy× msNwUZ nq| cvK-fviZ  Av‡gwiKv `w¶Y wf‡qZbv‡gi hy× 1965 mv‡j  1966 mv‡ji ZvmL›` Pzw³i c‡¶ Ges Pxb I ivwkqv DËi gva¨‡g G hy‡×i mgvwß N‡U wf‡qZbvg wf‡qZbv‡gi c‡¶ hy× K‡i| (ivwkqvi ga¨¯’Zvq)| 1955-1975 hy×  1973 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m GK  2 AvM÷, 1990- BivK kvwšÍ Pzw³i gva¨‡g G hy× †kl nq| Kz‡qZ‡K `Lj K‡i |  G hy× †kl nq gvwK©b †cÖwm‡W›U  1 Rvbyqvwi, 1991- eûRvwZK wiPvW© wb·‡bi mgq| BivK-Kz‡qZ 1990-1991 evwnbx Biv‡K cÖ‡ek K‡i|  G hy‡× DËi wf‡qZbvg Rqx nq| hy×  5 gvP©, 1991- BivK RvwZms‡Ni Pxb-fviZ hy× 1962 mv‡j  `yBwU cÿ: fviZ I Pxb| me kZ© †g‡b Kz‡qZ †_‡K †mbv  BivK-Biv‡bi g‡a¨ G hy× cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i I hy× †kl nq| msNwUZ nq (kvZ-Bj-Avi‡ei BivK-Bivb Rjaviv‡K wb‡q)| Av‡jvwPZ wecøe/Av‡›`vjb hy× 1980-1988  RvwZms‡Ni hy× weiwZ cÖ¯Ív‡e G wecø‡ei bvg mgqKvj †`k hy× eÜ nq| iæk/A‡±vei/ej‡kwfK wecøe 1917 mv‡j ivwkqv  hy× weiwZ Pzw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq- 20 divwm wecøe 1789-1799 d«vÝ †m‡Þ¤^i, 1988| wkí wecøe 1780-1850 Bsj¨vÛ  `yBwU cÿ: Av‡R©w›Ubv I weª‡Ub| BmjvwgK wecøe 1979 mv‡j Bivb dKj¨vÛ 1982 mv‡j  dKj¨vÛ- Bsj¨v‡Ûi Dcwb‡ek| A‡iÄ wecøe (Orange 2004 mv‡j BD‡µb hy×  Av‡R©w›Ubv dKj¨vÛ `Lj K‡i Revolution) wb‡qwQj- 1982 mv‡j| †ivR wecøe (Rose Revolution) 2003 mv‡j RwR©qv DcmvMixq 1991 mv‡j  `yBwU cÿ: BivK I hy³ivóª| f¨vj‡fU wecøe (Velvet Revolution) 1989 mv‡j †P‡Kv‡¯øvfvwKqv hy× Pxbv wecøe 1949 mv‡j Pxb 2003-2011  `yBwU cÿ: BivK Ges hy³ivóª I BivK hy× AvM÷ wecøe 1945 mv‡j wf‡qZbvg mv‡j wgÎ †RvU| wKDevb wecøe 1959 mv‡j wKDev gvwK©b- 2001-2014  `yBwU cÿ: AvdMvwb¯Ívb I hy³ivóª| AvdMvb hy× mv‡j mvs¯‥…wZK wecøe 1966-76 Pxb nv‡½wiqvb wecøe 1919 mv‡j nv‡½wi wjweqv hy× 2011 mv‡j  `yBwU cÿ: MvÏvwd mgw_©Z evwnbx Ges b¨vkbvj UªvbwRkbvj KvDwÝj| wUDwjc (Tulip) wecøe 2005 mv‡j wKiwMR¯Ívb  gymjgvb‡`i weiæ‡× wLª÷vbiv †Rmwgb wecøe 2011 mv‡j wZDwbwmqv 1059-1272 wLª÷vã ch©šÍ AvUwU µz‡mW †NvlYv K‡i| ¯œvqyhy× µz‡mW ev AvbygvwbK  634 wLª÷v‡ã †RiæRv‡jg  ¯œvqyhy×/kxZj hy×/VvÐv jovB- gb¯ÍvwË¡K hy× (mivmwi hy× bv K‡i ag©hy× 1096-1292 gymjgvb‡`i Avq‡Ë Avm‡j ivR‣bwZK, A_©‣bwZK, mvgwiK Kjv-†K․kjMZfv‡e hy‡× wjß µz‡mW ev ag©hy× nq| nIqv)|  we‡k¦i me‡P‡q `xN©¯’vqx hy×-  wØZxq wek^hy‡×i ci hy³ivóª I Zvi wgÎmg~‡ni mv‡_ †mvwf‡qZ µz‡mW ev ag©hy×| BDwbqb I Zvi wgÎmg~‡ni g‡a¨ ¯œvqyhy× nq| †mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi  RR© IqvwksU‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ cZ‡bi ga¨ w`‡q GB hy‡×i mgvwß nq| Av‡gwiKvi Av‡gwiKvi ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg nq|  Bs‡iwR‡Z ‘Cold War’ K_vwU cÖ_g m~Pbv K‡ib- gvwK©b ¯^vaxbZv 1776-1783 msMÖvg  Av‡gwiKv weª‡Ub †_‡K ¯^vaxbZv mvsevw`K Iqvëvi wjcg¨vb (1947 mv‡j)| jvf K‡i|  ¯œvqy hy‡×i we¯Í…wZ wQj- 1940 Gi `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS †_‡K 1980 Gi  Rvcvb I ivwkqvi g‡a¨ G hy× `k‡Ki †kl ch©šÍ| ivwkqv- 1904-1905 msNwUZ nq|  hy³ivóª I Zvi wgÎ †`kmg~n wQj- MYZš¿ I cyuwRev‡`i c‡ÿ, Rvcvb hy×  G hy‡× Rvcvb ivwkqv‡K civwRZ K‡i| Aci w`‡K †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb I Zvi wgÎ †`kmg~n wQj-  d«v‡Ýi †mbvcwZ †b‡cvwjq‡bi mvg¨ev`x ev mgvRZš¿cš’x| mv‡_ weªwUk †mbvcwZ wWDK Ae I‡qwjsU‡bi g‡a¨ G hy× msNwUZ ::::: †Mwijv I Ab¨vb¨ msMVb ::::: IqvUvi jyi nq| hy× 1815 mv‡j  G hy‡× weRqx †mbvcwZ- wWDK we‡k¦i wewfbœ †Mwijv I Ab¨vb¨ msMVb Ae I‡qwjsUb| msMVb †`k/AÂj msMVb †`k/AÂj  G hy‡× civwRZ nb- †b‡cvwjqb| wnheyjøvn †jevbb AvjdvZvn wdwjw¯Íb  †b‡cvwjqb‡K †m›U †n‡jbv Øx‡c wbe©vmb †`qv nq| ISIS BivK I wmwiqv Avjkveve †mvgvwjqv 6 BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02  kvBwbs cv_ †ciæ eø¨vK †m‡Þ¤^i wdwjw¯Íb †Mv‡q›`v, cywjk, I Ab¨vb¨ ¸L©v †bcvj eø¨vK wW‡m¤^i cvwK¯Ívb  c„w_exi me©e„nr †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’v- †m›U«vj Bw›Uwj‡RÝ G‡RwÝ (CIA), cÖwZôv- 1947 mv‡j| Gi m`i `ßi- fvwR©wbqv, hy³ivóª| MWm Avwg© gvqvbgvi eø¨vK c¨vš’vi hy³ivóª  eZ©gvb we‡k¦i me‡P‡q `ya©l© †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’v- †gvmv` (MOSSAD)| Zv‡jevb AvdMvwb¯Ívb eø¨vK K¨vU fviZ  FBI Gi m`i `ßi- IqvwksUb wWwm, hy³ivóª| AvjKv‡q`v AvdMvwb¯Ívb wke‡mbv fviZ  hy³iv‡R¨i/weªwUk †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’vi bvg- ¯‥Uj¨vÛ BqvW©| j¯‥i-B Zqev Kvk¥xi †ev‡iv f~Uvb  eø¨vK IqvUvi GKwU- †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’v|  mvfvK- Biv‡bi kv‡ni †Mvcb cywjk evwnbx wQj| dvK© Kjw¤^qv B‡bvwmm mvBcÖvm  †M÷v‡cv wQj- wnUjv‡ii GKwU †Mvcb cywjk evwnbx| †iW Avwg© Rvcvb mvfvK Bivb gvIevw` †bcvj fvBwKs ¯‥¨vwÛ‡bwfqvb AÂj gvwK©b hy³ivóª wbe©vPb-2024 Ave~ mvqvd wg›`vbvI, KLA K‡mv‡fv 1. cÖavb cÖv_©x: MÖæc wdwjcvBb wicvewjKvb cvwU©: †Wvbvì Uªv¤ú| †W‡gvK¨©vwUK cvwU©: Kgjv n¨vwim (†Rv evB‡W‡bi cwie‡Z© g‡bvbxZ)| nvgvm wdwjw¯Íb RUF wm‡qiv wjIb 2. Af‚Zc~e© NUbv: B‡bvwmm mvBcÖvm NPA wdwjcvBb 2024 mv‡ji wbe©vPb Av‡gwiKvi BwZnv‡m cÖ_g †hLv‡b GKRb cÖv_©x Ig wkswiwKI Rvcvb g‡iv b¨vkbvj wdwjcvBb (†Wvbvì Uªv¤ú) †ek K‡qKwU †d․R`vwi Awf‡hv‡Mi gy‡LvgywL n‡qI wjev‡ikb d«›U weRqx nb| †Rv evB‡Wb ¯^v¯’¨MZ Kvi‡Y cÖv_©xZv cÖZ¨vnvi K‡ib, hv gvwK©b ivR‣bwZK BwZnv‡m weij| ULFA Avmvg MNLF wdwjcvB‡bi wg›`vbvI 3. wbe©vPbx djvdj: KLA K‡mv‡fv KNU gvqvbgvi †Wvbvì Uªv¤ú gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi 47Zg †cÖwm‡W›U wbe©vwPZ nb| Uªv‡¤úi UNITA G‡½vjv MRTA †ciæ (eZ©gv‡b wejyß) cÖPvivwfhv‡b A_©‣bwZK myi¶v, Awfevmb bxwZ, Ges Ki nªv‡mi cÖwZkÖæwZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ f‚wgKv iv‡L|  wbKviv¸qvi ÔK›UªvÕ we‡`ªvnxiv mg_©bcyô wQj- hy³iv‡óªi|  GjwUwUB wQj- kªxjsKvi GKUv wew”QbœZvev`x `j| 4. Kgjv n¨vwi‡mi cÖPvivwfhvb: bvix‡`i AwaKvi, Rjevqy cwieZ©b, Ges ¯^v¯’¨‡mevi Dbœq‡b †Rvi  M-19 wQj- Kjw¤^qvi GKwU msMVb| w`‡jI, wZwb K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© myBs †÷‡U ch©vß mg_©b †c‡Z e¨_© nb| ::::: Pzw³ I mb` ::::: 5. weZK© I AvBwb P¨v‡jÄ: Uªv¤ú Zvi cÖPviYvi mgq wewfbœ AvBwb P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡LvgywL nb, hvi  Ôc¨vwim c¨v±Õ ¯^vÿi- 27 AvM÷, 1928 (AvšÍR©vwZK m¤ú‡K©i g‡a¨ wQj 34wU †d․R`vwi gvgjv Ges Ab¨vb¨ Am`vPi‡Yi Awf‡hvM| e¨vcv‡i kw³ cÖ‡qvM wbwl× welqK)| GB mg¯Í wKQyi c‡iI, wZwb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ †fvUvi mg_©b †c‡q‡Qb|  gvbevwaKvi Pzw³ ¯^vÿi I ¯^xK…wZ- 1948 mv‡j| 6. P‚ovšÍ djvdj:  gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³ ¯^vÿwiZ nq- †Wvbvì Uªv¤ú: B‡j‡±vivj K‡j‡R Rqjvf K‡i‡Qb 279 †fv‡U| 1966 mv‡j| Kgjv n¨vwim: 260 B‡j‡±vivj †fvU †c‡q‡Qb|  Ô†WUb kvwšÍ Pzw³Õ ¯^vÿwiZ nq- 14 wW‡m¤^i, 1995| RbwcÖq †fvU: hw`I n¨vwim wKQyUv GwM‡q wQ‡jb, Z‡e wbe©vP‡bi  BBwm (EEC) cÖwZôv jvf K‡i- †ivg Pzw³i gva¨‡g| djvdj B‡j‡±vivj K‡j‡Ri †fv‡Ui gva¨‡g wba©vwiZ nq|  kvZ-Bj-Avie‡K wb‡q BivK I Biv‡bi g‡a¨ ¯^vÿwiZ nq- wbe©vP‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K: AvjwRqvm© Pzw³| 1. myBs †÷U¸‡jvi f‚wgKv: Uªv¤ú †cbwmj‡fwbqv, DBmKbwmb, Ges  AvšÍR©vwZK Aciva welqK Av`vjZ (International Criminal RwR©qvi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© myBs †÷U¸‡jv‡Z Rqx nb| Court) msµvšÍ Pzw³ mvÿi- 1999 mv‡j (†iv‡g)| 2. Kgjv n¨vwim cÖ_g bvix Ges `w¶Y Gkxq es‡kv™¢~Z cÖv_©x nIqv m‡Ë¡I wZwb ch©vß mg_©b AR©b Ki‡Z e¨_© nb|  MÖxb nvDR M¨vm wbM©gb/cwi‡ek msµvšÍ Pzw³- wK‡qv‡Uv cÖ‡UvKj 3. weZwK©Z cÖPvivwfhvb: Uªv‡¤úi cÖPviYvq wewfbœ AvBwb mgm¨v Ges (11 wW‡m¤^i, 1997)| (Kyoto Protocol,1997) (Rvcv‡b)| weZwK©Z gšÍ‡e¨i ciI Zvi g~j mg_©b kw³kvjx wQj|  `wÿY Gkxq ivóªmg~n mvcUv Pzw³ mvÿi K‡i- 1993 mv‡j| Uªv¤ú nZ¨v‡Póv:  hy³iv‡óªi ¯^vaxbZv Pzw³- cÖ_g fvm©vB Pzw³ (hy³ivóª I Bsj¨v‡Ûi g‡a¨)| 2024 mv‡ji 13 RyjvB †cbwmj‡fwbqvi evUjv‡i †Wvbvì Uªv‡¤úi  1783 mv‡j fvm©vB-G ¯^vÿwiZ nq- 4wU Pzw³| GKwU wbe©vPbx mgv‡e‡k Zvi Ici GKwU nZ¨v‡Póv nq| nvgjvKvix  1783 mv‡j c¨vwim Pzw³‡Z ¯^vÿi K‡i- hy³ivR¨ I hy³ivóª| Ugvm µyKm GKwU Qv‡`i Ici †_‡K ivB‡dj w`‡q ¸wj Pvjvb| ¸wj  cÖ_g wek¦hy× e‡Ü ¯^vÿwiZ nq- fvm©vB Pzw³| Uªv‡¤úi Kvb ¯úk© K‡i AvnZ K‡i, wKš‘ wZwb ¸iæZi AvNvZ †_‡K  emwbqvq hy× weiwZ Pzw³ ¯^vÿ‡ii ga¨¯’Zv K‡i- 39Zg gvwK©b i¶v cvb| GB nvgjvq GKRb `k©K wbnZ nb Ges nvgjvKvix‡K †cÖwm‡W›U wRwg KvU©vi| wm‡µU mvwf©‡mi GKRb mœvBcvi ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡ib|  ¯’jgvBb/f~wg gvBb wbwl× welqK Pzw³- A‡Uvqv Pzw³ (KvbvWvi GwU GKwU ivR‣bwZK D‡Ïk¨cÖ‡Yvw`Z NUbv wn‡m‡e Z`šÍ Kiv n‡”Q| A‡Uvqvq)| GB NUbvi c‡i gvwK©b cÖkvmb wbivcËv e¨e¯’v evov‡bvi mycvwik K‡i‡Q| BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 7  Previous Years’ Questions Technology 1. The Basic Principle of Good Governance is [DU B 22-23] A. Accountability B. Social equity ::::: weÁvb welqK Z_¨ ::::: C. Civil Rights D. Civil empowerment 2. When did the international social movement 'Black KwZcq Avwe®‹vi I Avwe®‹viK Lives Matter' beging? [7 College 22-23] Avwe®‹vi Avwe®‹viK †`k A. 2020 B. 2019 C. 2015 D. 2013 wWbvgvBU Avj‡d«W †bv‡ej myB‡Wb 3. Which revolution is known as the 'October Revolution'? [7 College 22-23] Kw¤úDUvi nvIqvW© AvB‡Kb hy³ivóª A. French Revolution B. Industrial Revolution D‡ovRvnvR Aiwfj ivBU I DBjevi ivBU hy³ivóª C. Russian Revolution D. Korean Revolution †Uwj‡dvb Av‡jKRvÛvi MÖvnvg‡ej hy³ivóª 4. In which ethnic community the India President †eZvi hš¿ wR gvK©wb BZvwj Droupadi Murmu belongs to? [7 College 22-23] A. Garo B. Manipuri C. Munda D. Santal e`y¨wZK evwZ Ugvm Avjfv GwWmb hy³ivóª 5. Who gave the speech titled 'I have a dream'? [7 e¨vK‡Uwiqv wjD‡qb ûK hy³ivR¨ College 22-23] †cwbwmwjb Av‡jKRvÛvi †d¬wgs hy³ivR¨ A. Martin Luther King Jr. B. Abraham Lincoln RxevYy ZË¡ jyB cv¯‘i d«vÝ C. Mahatma Gandhi D. Winston Churchill 6. Which country was the first to grant women the right to vote? [DU B 23-24] weÁvb msµvšÍ cwifvlv A. New Zealand B. Australia A¨vbvUwg A½ms¯’vb m¤úK©xq weÁvb C. United States of America D. United Kingdom GwcKvjPvi †g․gvwQ cvjb we`¨v 7. Who said, "the ballot is stronger than the bullet"? GwfKvjPvi cvwL cvjb we`¨v [DU B 23-24] †dv‡bwU· aŸwb m¤úwK©Z weÁvb A. Abraham Lincoln B. Winston Churchill wmm‡gvjwR f~-K¤úb welqK we`¨v C. John Adams D. Aung San Suu Kyi 8. Who stated, "Veni, Vidi, Vici"? [DU B 23-24] A. Julius Caesar B. Alexander eÁvwbK wKQy hš¿cvwZ C. Napoleon D. Ho Chi Minh U¨v‡KvwgUvi D‡ovRvnv‡Ri MwZ wbY©vqK hš¿ 9. Which country received the highest score in the d¨v‡`vwgUvi mgy‡`ªi MfxiZv wbY©vqK hš¿ Press Freedom Index in 2023? g¨v‡bvwgUvi M¨v‡mi Pvc gvcvi hš¿ A. Norway B. Sweden C. Denmark D. France 10. When did the Bolshevik Revolution take place? [7 :::: Kw¤úDUvi, Z_¨, †hvMv‡hvM ::::: College B 23-24] A. 1789 B. 1780 C. 1917 D. 1907 cÖhyw³ I wewea 11. Who is the present Prime Minister of New Zealand  DbœZ †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vq e¨eüZ nqÑ Z_¨ cÖhyw³| [BUP, FBS, (22-23):  Kw¤úDUvi n‡jv- GKwU AZ¨vaywbK B‡jKUªwb· hš¿| A. Jocinda Ardern B. Cris Hipkins C. Richard Seddon D. Walter Nash  Kw¤úDUvi Avwe®‥vi K‡ib- nvIqvW© AvB‡Kb (hy³ivóª)| 12. Who is the present Prime Minister of the UK? [BUP  AvaywbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK- Pvj©m e¨v‡eR (e„‡Ub)| (FBS) 22-23]  Kw¤úDUv‡ii cÖavb `yÕwU A½ n‡jv- nvW©Iq¨vi I mdUIqvi| A. Liz Truss B. Boris Johson  evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g Kw¤úDUvi e¨envi Kiv nq- evsjv‡`k cigvYy C. Rishi Sunak D. Theresa May kw³ Kwgkb †K‡›`ª (1964 mv‡j)| 13. What is the name of the recent operation carried out by Hamas in Israel? [DU B 23-24]  evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g e¨eüZ Kw¤úDUv‡ii bvg- AvBweGg-1620| A. Operation Al-Aqsa Flood  evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g B›Uvi‡bU e¨eüZ nq- 4 Ryb, 1996| B. Operation Eagle Claw  gvB‡µvmd‡Ui RbK ejv nq- wej †MUm‡K| C. Operation Joint Endeavor  Ô¯‥vBwcÕ- B›Uvi‡bUwfwËK †mev| D. Operation Guardian of the Walls  †gvevBj KwgDwb‡Kk‡b 4G Gi †ÿ‡Î 3G Gi Zzjbvq AwZwi³ 14. Hamas Al-Aqsa flood campaign in Israel on what myweav- eªWe¨vÛ B›Uvi‡bU †mev| date? [BUP (FBS) 22-23]  †gvevBj †dv‡bi RbK- gvwU©b Kzcvi| A. 7 October, 2023 B. 8 October, 2023 C. 9 October, 2023 D. 6 October, 2023 Previous Years’ Questions 1. The base of hexadecimal is [DU B 22-23] Answer A. 8 B. 10 C. 12 D. 16 01.A 02.B 03.C 04.C 05.A 06.A 07.A 08.A 2. The size of nanoparticles is limited to___ nanometre. [DU B 22-23] 09.A 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.A A. 1-100 B. 10-100 C. 1-10 D. 1-1000 8 BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 3. The vaccine of tuberculosis is [DU B 22-23]  mygvÎv Øxc- B‡›`v‡bwkqvi Ask| A. BCG B. OPV C. MR D. TT  †m›U †n‡jbv Øxc Aew¯’Z- AvUjvw›UK gnvmvM‡i| 4. ___ is used to connect the LANs of different buildings of a university. [DU, B Unit, (22-23)]:  cvj© nvievi Aew¯’Z- nvIqvB Øx‡c| A. WAN B. CAN C. MAN D. PAN  I‡q÷ BwÛR- K‡qKwU Øxcmgwói bvg| 5. Who is the founder of SpaceX? [DU(7 College),B Unit,(22-23)]:  nvIqvB ØxccyÄ Aew¯’Z- cÖkvšÍ gnvmvM‡i| A. Larry Page B. Mark Zuckerberg C. Tim Cook D. Elon Musk we‡ivac~Y© Øxc 6. What is the full form of LED? [DU (7 College),B Unit,(22-23)]: we‡ivac~Y© Ae¯’vb we‡ivax †`k wewea Z_¨ A. Light-emitting Device B. Low-emitting Diode C. Light Electronic Diode D. Light-emitting Diode Øxc 7. Which of the following is an output device? Ave~ g~mv Øxc cvim¨ mshy³ Avie DcmvMixq A. Printer B. Mouse C. Scanner D. Keyboard DcmvMi AvwgivZ-Bivb K‡qKwU †`‡ki 8. Which of the following elements is used in making cÖ‡ekØvi wn‡m‡e pencils? [DU (7 College), B Unit, (22-23)]: cwiwPZ A. Silicon B. Coal Kzwoj ØxccyÄ cÖkvšÍ ivwkqv-Rvcvb wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i C. Phosphorus D. Graphite 9. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas? [7 gnvmvMi mgq ivwkqv College B 22-23] Rvcv‡bi wbKU A. Nitrous Oxide B. Carbon dioxide †_‡K ØxcwU `Lj C. Oxygen D. Methane K‡i †bq 10. Among the options given below, the largest data kvLvwjb Rvcvb ivwkqv-Rvcvb G Øx‡c ivwkqvi storage unit is [7 College B 23-24] ØxccyÄ mvMi †b․NuvwU i‡q‡Q A. GB B. KB C. TB D. MB 11. The first artificial intelligence enabled laptop kvZ-Bj- †jvwnZ BivK-Bivb - manufacturing company of the world is [7 College B 23-24] Avie mvMi A. Microsoft B. Samsung c¨v‡iv‡mj Pxb mvMi Pxb-ZvBIqvb - C. Apple D. Asus Øxc 12. In a multimedia classroom, _____ is used to display contents. [7 College B 23-24)] dKj¨vÛ Øxc `. weª‡Ub- dKj¨vÛ ØxcwU A. Flat board B. Colour board AvUjvw›UK Av‡R©w›Ubv weª‡U‡bi C. Smart board D. Panel board gnvmvMi wbqš¿Yvax‡b i‡q‡Q nvwbm ØxccyÄ †jvwnZ B‡q‡gb- - Answer mvMi BwiwÎqv 01.D 02.A 03.A 04.B 05.D 06.D 07.A 08.D †c‡iwRj Øxc gi‡°v †¯úb-gi‡°v gi‡°vq ØxcwU 09.A 10.C 11.D 12.C jvqjv Øxc bv‡g cwiwPZ †mbKvKz - Pxb I Rvcvb Px‡b GwU w`qvID Geography (International) bv‡g cwiwPZ Øxc ce©Zgvjv  we‡k¦i e„nËg Øxc- wMÖbj¨vÛ (gvwjK- †WbgvK©)| AvqZb- ce©Zgvjv Ae¯’vb wewea Z_¨ 21,75,600 eM© wK. wg.|  f~-ga¨mvM‡ii e„nËg Øxc- wmwmwj| wngvjq fviZ, Pxb, †bcvj, fzUvb, c„w_exi D”PZg cvwK¯Ívb ce©Z‡kÖwY  Rvcv‡bi IwKbvIqv Øxc hy³ivóª `Lj K‡i- wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i mgq|  A‡÷ªwjqv‡K e‡j- Øxc gnv‡`k| Avw›`R `wÿY Av‡gwiKv c„w_exi `xN©Zg ce©Z‡kÖwY  RbmsL¨v I AvqZ‡b we‡k¦i ¶z`ªZg Øxcivóª- bvDiæ|  B‡›`v‡bwkqvi mygvÎv, Rvfv I †evwb©I Øxc- fviZ gnvmvM‡i| Avím Aw÷ªqv, BZvwj, Rvg©vwb, d«vÝ, - myBRvij¨vÛ  gvjØxc Aew¯’Z- fviZ gnvmvM‡i (†QvU †QvU Øxc wb‡q MwVZ)|  evigyWv n‡jv- GKwU ØxccyÄ|  †Kvwiqv- GKwU DcØxc| ce©Zk„½  †evwb©I Øxc n‡jvÑ Gwkqvi me‡P‡q eo Øxc (B‡›`v‡bwkqv)|  we‡k¦i m‡e©v”P ce©Zk„½- gvD›U Gfv‡i÷| Ae¯’vb- †bcvj I  cvg Øxc- cvim¨ DcmvM‡i Aew¯’Z K…wÎg Øxc (mshy³ Avie wZeŸZ (Pxb)| AvwgivZ)|  cÖ_g Gfv‡i÷ Rqx- GWgÛ wnjvwi (wbDwRj¨vÛ), †kicv †ZbwRs  wbDwMwb Øxc- cÖkvšÍ gnvmvM‡i Aew¯’Z c„w_exi wØZxq eo Øxc †bvi‡M (†bcvj)| (GwU B‡›`v‡bwkqv I cvcyqv wbDwMwbi gvwjKvbvaxb)|  †ZbwRs I wnjvwi Gfv‡i‡÷i P~ovq cv iv‡Lb- 1953 mv‡ji 29 †g|  Rvcvb I ivwkqvi g‡a¨Kvi we‡ivac~Y© Øxc- Kzwoj ØxccyÄ|  we‡k¦i wØZxq m‡e©v”P ce©Zk„½- MWDBb Aw÷b (Ae¯’vb- cvwK¯Ívb I Pxb)| BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 9  cÖ_g evsjv‡`kx Gfv‡i÷ weRqx g~mv Beªvnxg gvD›U Gfv‡i÷ giæf~wg k„‡½ Av‡ivnb K‡ib- 23 †g, 2010|  Avwd«Kvi m‡e©v”P k„½- wKwjgvbRv‡iv (D”PZv 5,895 wgUvi)| giæf~wg Ae¯’vb  Rvcv‡bi m‡e©v”P ceZ©k„½- dzwRqvgv| †Mvwe giæf~wg Pxb I g‡½vwjqv gnv‡`k m‡e©v”P ce©Zk„½ mvnviv, wjweqv, bywiqv Avwd«Kvi gvjf~wg A‡j giæf~wg Gwkqv gvD›U Gfv‡i÷ _i giæf~wg (Dò giæf~wg) fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb BD‡ivc gvD›U Gjeªæm Kvjvnvwi giæf~wg eZ‡mvqvbv, `. Avwd«Kv, bvwgweqv Avwd«Kv gvD›U wKwjgvÄv‡iv cvZv‡Mvwbqv giæf~wg Av‡R©w›Ubv I wPwj DËi Av‡gwiKv gvD›U †Wbvwj †MÖU wf‡±vwiqv giæf~wg A‡÷ªwjqv `wÿY Av‡gwiKv gvD›U GKv¼v¸qv I‡kwbqv cyumvKRvqv mvMi I gnvmvMi G›UvK©wUKv wfbmb g¨vwmd bvg AvqZb (eM©. wK.wg.) Mo MfxiZv MfxiZg ¯’v‡bi (wg.) bvg Av‡MœqwMwi cÖkvšÍ 15,55,57,000 4,079 gvwiqvbv †UªÂ mwµq Ae¯’vb myß Ae¯’vb g„Z Ae¯’vb gnvmvMi Av‡MœqwMwi Av‡MœqwMwi Av‡MœqwMwi AvUjvw›UK 7,67,62,000 3,926 b¨vqvm© AvwZZjvg ¸‡q‡Zgvjv wKwjgvÄv‡iv ZvÄvwbqv A¨vKv½v¸qv Av‡R©w›Ubv, gnvmvMi (†cv‡U©vwi‡Kv †UªÂ) wPwj fviZ 6,85,56,000 3,963 ïÛv †UªÂ d‡qMv ¸‡q‡Zgvjv I‡qwji¨v½ B‡›`v‡bwkqv wP‡¤^viv‡Rv BKz‡qWi gnvmvMi ivD½ B‡›`v‡bwkqv dzwRqvgv Rvcvb Gjeªæm ivwkqv `wÿY 2,03,27,000 149 Ñ gnvmvMi BwPwbw¯‥qv ivwkqv Zwg‡eviv B‡›`v‡bwkqv †Wgv‡m›` Bivb DËi 1,40,56,000 1,205 BD‡iwkqvb †ewmb i¨v‡½ †Kv÷vwiKv wgw¯Í †ciæ - - gnvmvMi wMwic_ mgy`ª mKZ  cve©Z¨ A‡j ce©Z‡kÖwYi ga¨eZ©x msKxY© I Aby”P c_‡K e‡jÑ mgy`‣ª mKZ Ae¯’vb mgy`‣ª mKZ Ae¯’vb wMwic_| K·evRvi evsjv‡`k Igvb mKZ Igvb  AvdMvwb¯Ív‡bi DËi I `w¶Yv‡ji g‡a¨ ms‡hvM i¶vKvix mgy`‣ª mKZ GKgvÎ gnvmo‡Ki bvg- mvjvb wMwic_| †m›U RR© hy³ivóª KbwUm †cøR d«vÝ AvBj¨vÛ wMwic_ Ae¯’vb wMwic_ Ae¯’vb †Lvidv°vb Avie AvwgivZ bvBw›U gvBj wbDwRj¨vÛ LvBevi cvwK¯Ívb, Avjwcbv K‡jviv‡Wv, g¨vb †mevw¯Íqvb †¯úb m¨v‡ÛvI‡q wgqvbgvi AvdMvwb¯Ívb hy³ivóª mKZ mKZ †evjvb cvwK¯Ívb wkcKv eyj‡Mwiqv K¨vj‡MÖ †e hy³ivR¨ †m›U evb©vW© myBRvij¨vÛ (Avím) we‡k¦i bvgKiv b`-b`x gvjf~wg bvg †`k/gnv‡`k `N©¨ Drcw˯’j cwZZ¯’j (wK.wg.)  ce©Z †_‡K wbPz wKš‘ mgf~wg †_‡K DuPz Lvov Xvjhy³ †XD †Ljv‡bv bxjb` Avwd«Kv 6,825 wf‡±vwiqv f~ga¨mvMi we¯ÍxY© mgZj f~wg‡K e‡j- gvjf~wg| n«`  gvjf~wg- 3 cÖKvi (ce©Z ga¨eZx© gvjf~wg, cv`‡`kxq gvjf~wg I gnv‡`kxq gvjf~wg)| AvgvRb `wÿY 6,437 Av‡gwiKv  c„w_exi m‡e©v”P gvjf~wg ÔcvwgiÕ Aew¯’Z- ga¨ Gwkqvq (D”PZv 4,813)| BqvswmwKqvs Pxb 6,380  c„w_exi Qv` ejv nq- cvwgi gvjf~wg‡K| wgwmwmwc- DËi 5,91 KvbvWvi †gw·‡Kv  wZeŸZ gvjf~wg Aew¯’Z- Kz‡qbjyb ce©Z I wngvj‡qi g‡a¨| wg‡m․ix Av‡gwiKv wg‡b‡mvUvi DcmvMi  Avwd«Kv gnv‡`k‡K e‡j- mywe¯Í…Z gvjf~wg| n«`  `w¶Y Av‡gwiKvi e„nËg gvjf~wg- eªvwR‡ji gvjf~wg| †nvqvs‡nv Pxb 5.464  †Mvjvb gvjf~wg- wmwiqv I BmivB‡ji g‡a¨ msNv‡Zi KviY| K‡½v Avwd«Kv 4,370 gvjvI‡q I AvUjvw›UK  Avbv‡Zvwjqv gvjf~wg Aew¯’Z- ga¨cÖv‡P¨| ZvÄvwbqv gnvmvMi 10 BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 g¨v‡KwÄ DËi 4,341 KvbvWvi AvUjvw›UK cvbvgv cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMi + D. Av‡gwiKv - `. Av‡gwiKv †MÖU‡køf n«` gnvmvMi cÖYvwj AvUjvw›UK gnvmvMi Av‡gwiKv bvBRvi Avwd«Kv 4,171 ZvZvi Rvcvb mvMi + ILU¯‥ ivwkqv - kvLvwjb Øxc gv‡i Wvwj©s A‡÷ªwjqv 3,718 cÖYvwj mvMi fjMv ivwkqv 3,690 †Kvwiqv c~e© Pxb mvMi + Rvcvb †Kvwiqv - Rvcvb eªþcyÎ fviZ- 2,897 wZeŸ‡Zi e‡½vcmvMi cÖYvwj mvMi evsjv‡`k gvbm di‡gvRv cÖYvwj/ c~e© Pxb mvMi + `w¶Y Pxb ZvBIqvb - Pxb m‡ivei n«` ZvBIqvb cÖYvwj mvMi wmÜz Gwkqv 2,896 gvjv°v e‡½vcmvMi + Rvfv mvMi mygvÎv (B‡›`v‡bwkqv) `vwbqye BD‡ivc 2,842 eø¨vK K…ò mvMi cÖYvwj - gvj‡qwkqv d‡i÷ my›`v cÖYvwj fviZ gnvmvMi + Rvfv mvMi mygvÎv - Rvfv Øxc BD‡d«wUm BivK 2,799 cK cÖYvwj fviZ gnvmvMi + e‡½vcmvMi fviZ - kÖxjsKv M½v fviZ- 2,655 wngvj‡qi e‡½vcmvMi nigyR cvim¨ DcmvMi + Igvb Bivb - mshy³ Avie evsjv‡`k M‡½vÎx cÖYvwj DcmvMi mvMi AvwgivZ wngevn †gvRvw¤^K fviZ gnvmvMi + fviZ †gvRvw¤^K - gvjvMvwQ BiveZx wgqvbgvi 2,092 cÖYvwj gnvmvMi UvBwMÖm BivK 1,899 (`Rjv) Bswjk AvUjvw›UK gnvmvMi + d«vÝ - Bsj¨vÛ cÖYvwj DËi mvMi (weª‡Ub) n«` †Wvfvi cÖYvwj Bswjk P¨v‡bj + DËi mvMi d«vÝ - hy³ivR¨  Pviw`‡K ¯’j‡ewóZ cÖvK…wZK Rjivwk‡K e‡j- n«`| †d¬vwiWv †gw·‡Kv DcmvMi + wKDev - †d¬vwiWv  we‡k¦i e„nËg n«`- Kvw¯úqvb mvMi| cÖYvwj AvUjvw›UK gnvmvMi (hy³ivóª)  I‡kwbqv gnv‡`‡ki me©e„nr n«`- †MÖU wf‡±vwiqv| 10g P¨v‡bj e‡½vcmvMi- e‡½vcmvMi Av›`vgvb-wb‡Kvei ØxccyÄ  we‡k¦i MfxiZg n«`- eKvj n«` (ivwkqvi mvB‡ewiqvq Aew¯’Z, g¨vKvmvi Rvfv mvMi- †mwjwem mvMi B‡›`v‡bwkqv- MfxiZv- 1620 wgUvi)| cÖYvwj B‡›`v‡bwkqv  ¯^v`y cvwbi n«`- eKvj n«`| ‡gwmbv wPi Bwbqvi - AvBIwbqvi BZvwj- wmwmwj  ÔnvRvi n«‡`i †`kÕ wdbj¨v‡Û n«‡`i msL¨v- cÖvq 55 nvRvi| cÖYvwj mvMi  Avwd«Kv gnv‡`‡ki e„nËg Ges ZvÄvwbqv I DMvÛvi AvšÍR©vwZK KzK cÖYvwj Zvmgvb mvMi- cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMi wbDwRj¨vÛ- mxgvbv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ- wf‡±vwiqv n«`| wbDwRj¨vÛ  †MÖU weqvi n«` Aew¯’Z- KvbvWvq| ewbwdwmI Kwm©Kv- mvw`©wbqv  c„w_exi e„nËg my‡cq cvwbi n«`- mywcwiqi n«`, KvbvWvq| cÖYvwj  Kvw¤úqvb mvMi Aew¯’Z- KvbvWvq|  c„w_exi e„nËg n«` ÔKvw¯úqvb mvMiÕ Aew¯’Z- Gwkqv gnv‡`‡k| Lvj  hy³iv‡ói †MÖU †jKm (Great Lakes) ej‡Z †evSv‡bv nq- 5wU n«`|  wgki my‡qR Lvj RvZxqKiY K‡i- 26 RyjvB, 1956 (Rvgvj  eKvj n«` Aew¯’Z- ivwkqvi mvB‡ewiqvq| Ave‡`j bvwQ‡ii Avg‡j)|  f~‡ewóZ mvMi- Kvw¯úqvb mvMi|  my‡qR Lvj mshy³ K‡i‡QÑ f~ga¨mvMi I †jvwnZ mvMi‡K| cÖYvwj  my‡qR Lvj Lbb K‡ib- divwm BwÄwbqvi dvwW©bv›` `¨ wj‡má (Lbb ïiæ- 25 GwcÖj, 1859 Ges D‡Øvab- 1869 mv‡j)| cÖYvwj mshy³ K‡i‡Q c„_K K‡i‡Q  my‡qR Lvj w`‡q RvnvR PjvPj eÜ nq- Avie-BmivBj hy‡× emdivm gg©i mvMi + K…òmvMi Gwkqv - BD‡ivc (1967 mv‡j)| cÖYvwj  my‡qR Lvj w`‡q PjvPj K‡i- BD‡ivc I Gwkqvi RvnvR¸‡jv| `v`©v‡bwjm BwRqvb mvMi + gg©i mvMi Zzi¯‥ - Zzi¯‥ (Zzi‡¯‥i  my‡qR Lvj‡K ejv nq- nvBI‡q Uz BwÛqv| cÖYvwj Gwkqvi Ask)  my‡qR Lvj Lbb Ki‡Z mgq jv‡M- cÖvq 11 eQi| eve Gj ev‡ej G‡Wb DcmvMi + †jvwnZ Gwkqv - Avwd«Kv  cvbvgv Lvj Lbb K‡i- hy³ivóª (1913 mv‡j)| gv‡›`e cÖYvwj mvMi  cvbvgv Lv‡ji LbbKvR ïiæ K‡i- d«vÝ| wReªvëvi f~ga¨mvMi + DËi BD‡ivc (†¯úb) -  c„w_exi MfxiZg Lvj- cvbvgv Lvj (MfxiZv- 14 wgUvi)| cÖYvwj AvUjvw›UK gnvmvMi AvwdªKv (gi‡°v)  cvbvgv Lvj hy³ K‡i‡Q- AvUjvw›UK I cÖkvšÍ gnvmvMi‡K| †ewis cÖYvwj PzKwP mvMi/DËi Gwkqv - DËi  cvbvgv Lvj wew”Qbœ K‡i‡Q- DËi Av‡gwiKv I `. Av‡gwiKv‡K| mvMi+†ewis mvMi Av‡gwiKv  cvbvgv ¯^vaxbZv cvq- 1903 mv‡j (Kjw¤^qv †_‡K)| BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 11  cÖkvšÍ gnvmvM‡ii cÖ‡ek Øvi ejv nq- cvbvgv Lvj‡K| kvZ-Bj-Avie `w¶Y-cwðg  hy³ivóª cvbvgv LvjwU cvbvgvi Kv‡Q n¯ÍvšÍi K‡i- 1999 mv‡j| kvZ-Bj-Avie BivK I Bivb Gwkqvi GKwU wee`gvb b`x,  c„w_exi `xN©Zg Lvj- MÖvÛ Lvj ( `N©¨- 1,700 wK.wg.)| hv BD‡d«wUm I UvBwMÖm  c„w_exi cÖvPxbZg, e„nËg K…wÎg Lvj- MÖvÛ Lvj (Ab¨ bvg- †eBwRs b`xi wgwjZ cÖevn| GB nvsRy MÖvÛ Lvj)| wgwjZ As‡ki `N©¨ 200 wKwg Ges GwU cvim¨  MÖvÛ Lvj Aew¯’Z - Px‡bi †eBwRs Gi n¨vsP¨vs Gi g‡a¨| DcmvM‡i cwZZ n‡q‡Q|  my‡qR Lvj Lb‡bi d‡j Gwkqvi mv‡_ hvZvqvZ mnR n‡q‡Q- BD‡iv‡ci| GB b`xi Rjc‡_i AwaKvi  my‡qR Lvj Pvjy nq- 17 b‡f¤^i, 1869 mv‡j| wb‡q 1980-1988 ch©šÍ  `wÿY I DËi Av‡gwiKv wew”Qbœ- cvbvgv Lvj Øviv| BivK-Bivb hy× nq|  †jvwnZ mvMi I my‡qRLvj Gwkqv‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i‡Q- Avwd«Kv †RiæRv‡jg wdwjw¯Íb I GwU gymjgvb, Bûw` I gnv‡`k †_‡K| BmivBj wLª÷vb wZb m¤cÖ`v‡qi  my‡qR Lvj mshy³ K‡i‡Q- †jvwnZ mvMi I f~ga¨mvMi‡K| Kv‡QB cweÎ f~wg|  RvnvR PjvP‡ji Rb¨ c„w_exi e„nËg K…wÎg Lvj-my‡qR Lvj (wgki)| bvMv‡b©v AvRvievBRv‡bi gv‡S wLª÷vb Aay¨wlZ GKwU  †h Lvj ev cÖYvwj †jvwnZ mvMi‡K f~ga¨mvM‡ii mv‡_ hy³ K‡i‡Q- KvivevL Aew¯’Z Av‡g©wbqvi wQUgnj| my‡qR Lvj| `vweK…Z f~LÐ euva Previous Years’ Questions 1. Tista, Mahananda and Jadukata rivers are [DU B 22-23]  we‡k¦i e„nËg euvaÑ wbDKwbwjqv †UBwjbm (A¨vwi‡Rvbv, hy³ivóª)| A. trans-boundary rivers  we‡k¦i D”PZg euva- †e‡Mvbv (fLm, ivwkqv)| B. Hilly rivers  fviZ dviv°v euva wbg©vY K‡iÑ M½v b`xi Dci (wbg©vY ïiæ- 1961, C. tributaries of the Meghna D. Stone-Carrying rivers wbg©vY †kl- 1974)| 2. Dead Sea is located between ______________.  dviv°v euva Aew¯’Z- g‡bvnicyi, fviZ (Pvjy nq- 1975 mv‡j)| [7 College B 22-23]  wUcvBgyL fvi‡Zi †h iv‡R¨ Aew¯’Z- gwbcyi| A. Jordan and Sudan B. Jordan and Israel C. Turkey and Sudan D. Sudan and Egypt 3. Which continent has the largest number of we‡ivac~Y© AÂj countries? [7 College B 22-23] A. Asia B. South America A‡ji bvg Ae¯’vb wewea Z_¨ C. Africa D. Europe 4. Which country is not included in Scandinavia? [7 cvbgybRvg DËi †Kvwiqv I `yB †Kvwiqv GwUi gvwjKvbv College 22-23] `w¶Y †Kvwiqv `vwe K‡i| eZ©gv‡b GwU A. Norway B. Sweden C. Denmark D. Belgium GKwU wbi‡c¶ AÂj 5. Which city of the world was declared as the 'World wn‡m‡e RvwZms‡Ni Tourism Capital' by the United Nations for 2023? [DU B 23-24] ZË¡veav‡b Av‡Q| A. Samarkand B. Rome †Mvjvb wmwiqv I BmivBj Z…Zxq Avie-BmivBj hy‡× C. Athens D. Istanbul 6. The highest waterfall of the world is- [BUP, FBS, 22-23] gvjf~wg DcZ¨KvwU BmivBj 1967 A. Victoria B. Tugela C. Angel D. Niagra mv‡j `Lj K‡i †bq| 7. 'Khyber pass' is located in- [BUP (FBS) 22-23] wmqv‡Pb fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb Kvk¥x‡i Aew¯’Z we‡k¦i A. Karakoram range B. Himalayan range C. Hindu kush range D. Maginot Line wngevn m‡e©v”P iYv½Y| 8. 'Dickson' is a Seaport of- [BUP (FBS) 22-23] wmbvB DcØxc AvKvev DcmvMi I giæf~wg AÂj| BmivBj A. Indoneshia B. Australia my‡qR Lvj KZ…©K 1956 mv‡j cÖ_g C. Malaysia D. Norway AwaK…Z n‡qwQj| 9. On the bank of which river is London located? [BUP (FBS) 22-23] ¸qvbZvbv‡gv†e wKDev hy³ivóª I wKDevi g‡a¨ A. Seine B. Don C. Thames D. Danube we‡ivac~Y© AÂj| 10. Which one is a boundary line between Finland and Russia? [BUP (FBS) 22-23] jv`vL R¤§y-Kvk¥xi I Pxb 1962 mv‡j Pxb fviZ AvµgY A. Hindenburg Line B. Curzon Line Ki‡j GLv‡b cÖPÐ hy× nq| C. Mannerheim Line D. Maginot Line Bçj fviZ I wgqvbgvi fvi‡Zi gwYcyi iv‡R¨i ivRavbx| Answer gsWy evsjv‡`k I gsWz n‡jv K·evRvi mxgv‡šÍ 01.A 02.C 03.C 04.D 05.A 06.C 07.C 08.C wgqvbgvi wgqvbgv‡ii GKUv †Rjv kni| 09.C 10.C 12 BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02  Sports 5. The number of teams in 2026 FIFA World Cup is [DU 7 College, B Unit 2023-24] A. 46 B. 47 C. 48 D. 49 ::::: c¨vwim Awjw¤úK 2024 ::::: 1. mgqKvj: Answer 26 RyjvB †_‡K 11 AvM÷ 2024| 01.C 02.B 03.C 04.A 05.C c¨vivwjw¤úK: 28 AvM÷ †_‡K 8 †m‡Þ¤^i| 2. bZzb ms‡hvRb: Capitals, Currencies, Parliaments bZzb †Ljv: †eªKWvwÝs| Ab¨vb¨ bZzb B‡f‡›U i‡q‡Q wg·W wi‡jm Ges G·wUªg ¯øvg we‡k¦i KwZcq †`‡ki ivRavbx †imwjs| †`k ivRavbx †`k ivRavbx 3. †fby¨: evsjv‡`k XvKv ZvÄvwbqv `viæmmvjvg AvB‡dj UvIqv‡ii cv‡k P¨v¤ú `¨ gv‡m©| †mn‡b b`x‡Z cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv D‡Øvabx Abyôvb n‡e| fviZ bqvw`jøx †ejviæk wgb¯‥ 4. †gvU AskMÖnYKvix: kªxjsKv kÖx Rqea©‡© bcyiv †µv‡qwkqv RvM‡ie †Kv‡U 10,500 A¨v_‡jU Ges 32wU †Ljvi 329wU B‡f›U| ¯’vwqZ¡ I cwi‡ek-evÜe e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ we‡kl D‡`¨vM †bIqv n‡q‡Q| †bcvj KvVgvÛy †cvj¨vÛ Iqvik 5. we‡kl w`K: f~Uvb w_¤úy c¨vwim 2024, 1924 mv‡ji ci wØZxqevi c¨vwi‡m Av‡qvwRZ n‡”Q| wgqvbgvi bvBwc‡`v B‡f›U¸‡jv‡Z AvšÍR©vwZK mgZv Ges cwi‡ek m‡PZbZvi cÖPvi ZvBIqvb ZvB‡c cZ©yMvj wjmeb Pj‡e| BmivBj †RiæRv‡jg biI‡q Am‡jv c¨vwim Awjw¤úK 2024-Gi c`K ZvwjKvwU cÖwZ‡hvwMZv †kl nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avc‡WU n‡q‡Q| hy³ivóª me©‡gvU 127wU c`K wb‡q kx‡l© Igvb gv¯‥U †b`vij¨vÛ Avg÷viWvg i‡q‡Q, hvi g‡a¨ 40wU ¯^Y©, 45wU †i․c¨, Ges 42wU †eªvÄ| PxbI wmwiqv `v‡g¯‥ †ejwRqvg eªv‡mjm 40wU ¯^Y© AR©b Ki‡jI hy³ivóª mvgwMÖK c`KmsL¨vq GwM‡q| c¨vwim DR‡ewK¯Ívb ZvmL›` †WbgvK© †Kv‡cb‡n‡Mb Awjw¤ú‡Ki †klw`‡b Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡iwQ‡jb W. gyn¤§` BDb~m| Zzi¯‥ Av¼viv myBRvij¨vÛ evb© †Kvcv Av‡gwiKv 2024 gvjØxc gv‡j †¯úb gvw`ª` 2024 †Kvcv Av‡gwiKvq Av‡R©w›Ubv 1-0 †Mv‡j Kjw¤^qv‡K civwRZ AvdMvwb¯Ívb Kveyj m¨vb‡gwi‡bv m¨vb‡gvwi‡bv K‡i wk‡ivcv †R‡Z, hv Zv‡`i 16Zg wk‡ivcv| jvDZv‡iv gvwU©‡bR Rvcvb †UvwKI ivwkqv g‡¯‥v AwZwi³ mg‡qi †kl w`‡K GKgvÎ †MvjwU K‡ib| GB Uzb©v‡g‡›U 5wU †Mv‡ji Rb¨ gvwU©‡bR †Mv‡ìb eyU AR©b K‡ib| hy³ivóª IqvwksUb wW.wm. jvUwfqv wiMv ivbvm©Avc: Kjw¤^qv †gw·‡Kv †gw·‡Kv wmwU BD‡µb wK‡qf †Mv‡ìb eyU (m‡e©v”P †Mvj`vZv): jvDZv‡iv gvwU©‡bR (5 †Mvj) ¸‡qZgvjv ¸‡qZgvjv wmwU wZDwbwmqv wZDwbm †miv †L‡jvqvo: †Rgm iw`ª‡MR (Kjw¤^qv) cvbvgv cvbvgv wmwU gi‡°v ivevZ †Mv‡ìb Møvf (‡miv †Mvji¶K): Gwgwjqv‡bv gvwU©‡bR (Av‡R©w›Ubv), whwb 5wU wK¬b wkU Ges †cbvwë †mf K‡ib| evev©‡Wvm weªRUvDb bvB‡Rwiqv AveyRv Previous Years’ Questions wKDev nvfvbv eZ‡mvqvbv M¨ve‡ivb 1. In how many countries will the FIFA World Cup MÖvbvWv †m›U R‡R©m wReywZ wReywZ Football 2026 be held? [DU, B Unit, (22-23)]: nvBwZ †cvU© Ae wcÖÝ BwiwÎqv Avmgviv A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 2. Against which country did Bangladesh cricket team eªvwRj eªvwmwjqv A¨v‡½vjv jyqvÛv play its first test match? [DU (7 College), B Unit, (22-23)]: wPwj mvw›Uqv‡Mv wgki Kvq‡iv A. Sri Lanka B. Zimbabwe C. India D. England 3. The Cricketer who was recently awarded the Kjw¤^qv †ev‡MvZv wjweqv wÎcwj honourary life membership of Marylebone Cricket †ciæ wjgv wm‡qiv wjIb wd«UvDb Club is [DU, B Unit, (22-23)]: A. Shakib Al Hasan B. Mushfiqur Rahim †fwbRy‡qjv KvivKvm my`vb LvZz©g C. Mashrafe bin Mortaza D. Liton Das bvDiæ Bqv‡eb †m‡bMvj WvKvi 4. ______ won the 6th SAFF Under-16 Women's Championship in 2024. [DU 7 College, B Unit 2023-24] fvbyqvZz †cvU© wfjv `wÿY my`vb Ryev A. Bangladesh B. India. nv‡½wi ey`v‡c÷| A‡÷ªwjqv K¨vb‡eiv C. SriLanka D. Nepal BUP Short Course  GK Lecture # 02 13  gy`ªv Bivb BmivBj gRwjm †b‡mU eªvwRj Av‡R©w›Ubv b¨vkbvj Ks‡MÖm b¨vkbvj Ks‡MÖm we‡k¦i KwZcq †`‡ki gy`ªv BZvwj BZvwjqvb cvj©v‡g›U wPwj b¨vkbvj Ks‡MÖm †`k gy`ªv †`k gy`ªv gvjØxc gRwjm g‡½vwjqv _yivj evsjv‡`k UvKv †m․w` Avie wi‡qj Rvg©vb ey‡›`mU¨vM d«vÝ cvj©v‡g›U fviZ iæwc mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ w`invg Zzi¯‥ MÖvÛ b¨vkbvj A¨v‡m¤^wj wgki cvj©v‡g›U kªxjsKv iæwc nv‡½wi dwi›U Pxb MY Ks‡MÖm †bcvj cÂv‡qZ †bcvj iæwc †ejviæk iæej hy³ivóª Ks‡MÖm hy³ivR¨ cvj©v‡g›U f~Uvb ¸jUªvg †µv‡qwkqv BD‡iv ivwkqv †dWv‡ij A¨v‡m¤^wj wgqvbgvi wKqvU †cvj¨vÛ RjwU gvjØxc iæwcqv K‡mv‡fv BD‡iv wØ-Kÿ wewkó AvBbmfv Rvcvb B‡qb eyj‡Mwiqv †jf †`k AvBbmfv D”PKÿ wb¤œKÿ BmivBj †k‡Kj cZ©yMvj BD‡iv hy³ivóª Ks‡MÖm nvDm Ae nvDR Ae Zzi¯‥ wjiv m¨vb‡gwi‡bv BD‡iv wm‡bU wi‡cÖ‡Rb‡UwUf wZDwbwkqv w`bvi ivwkqv iæej hy³ivR¨ cvj©v‡g›U nvDR Ae jW©m nvDR Ae KgÝ gi‡°v w`invg jvUwfqv BD‡iv ivwkqv †dWv‡ij †÷U †÷U Wzgv wgki cvDÛ wKDev †c‡mv A¨v‡m¤^wj A¨v‡m¤^wj bvDiæ A‡÷ªjxq Wjvi Kjw¤^qv †c‡mv fviZ cvj©v‡g›U ivR¨mfv †jvKmfv Rvg©vwb BD‡iv Bw_Iwcqv wei Avj‡Rwiqv w`bvi Pxb BDqvb KwZcq Z_¨..... _vBj¨vÛ ev_ `wÿY †Kvwiqv Dqb gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi wm‡b‡Ui †gvU Avmb msL¨v 100 wU BivK w`bvi gvj‡qwkqv wiswMZ ivwkqvi cvj©v‡g‡›Ui wb¤œKÿ ÔWzgvÕi Avmb msL¨v 450 wU evnivBb w`bvi wf‡qZbvg Ws weª‡U‡bi cvj©v‡g‡›Ui nvDR Ae KgÝ Gi m`m¨ msL¨v 650 Rb Nvbv †mwW Previous Years’ Questions  Gwkqvi gy`ªv msKU N‡UwQj- 1997 mv‡j| 01. What is the national currency of Austria? [BUP, FBS, (22-23)]: fvlv A. Austrian Zloty B. Austrian dollar  c„w_ex‡Z me‡P‡q †ewk †jvK K_v e‡j- Bs‡iwR fvlvq| C. Euro D. Dinar 02. What is the name of Upper House of the US  †h †`‡ki wØZxq ivóªfvlv evsjv- wm‡qiv wjIb| Parliament [BUP, FBS, (22-23)]:  we‡k^ ¯^xK…Z wØZxq fvlv- ¯ú¨vwbk| A. House of Commons B. Senate  K¨vUvjb †h †`‡ki fvlv- †¯úb| C. House of Lords D. House of Representative AvBbmfv/cvj©v‡g›U Answer  ga¨cÖv‡P¨i †h †`‡k †Kv‡bv msweavb ev msm` †bB- †m․w` Avie| 01.C 02.B  weªwUk cvj©v‡g›U nvD‡Ri bvg- I‡q÷wgwb÷vi †c‡jm|  weª‡U‡bi cvj©v‡g‡›Ui D”PK‡ÿi bvg- nvDm Ae jW©m| Abbreviations  BD‡ivcxq cvj©v‡g›U Aew¯’Z- ÷ªvmevM©| A we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡ki AvBbmfv ms‡KZ c~Y©iƒc †`k AvBbmfv †`k AvBbmfv AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. evsjv‡`k nvDm Ae `¨ b¨vkb †WbgvK© †dv‡KwUs ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations. gvj‡qwkqv gRwjk wdbj¨vÛ cvj©v‡g›U AID Agency for Internaitonal development. fviZ cvj©v‡g›U biI‡q ÷iwUs ADB Asian Development Bank. fzUvb †`vRvsLv myB‡Wb wiKmW¨vM AEC Atomic Energy Commision. APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation. K‡¤^vwWqv cvj©v‡g›U †¯úb †µvUm& †Rbv‡ij Rvcvb Wv‡qU †gw·‡Kv Ks‡MÖm Ae `¨ B BDwbqb BBC British Broadcasting Corporation. †m․w` Avie Kbmvj‡UwUf †Kv÷vwiKv †jwRm‡jwUf BIMSTEC Bay of Bengal Inifiative of Multi-sectoral KvDwÝj