BSC I Semester Syllabus Major Physics 2024-2025 PDF

Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25...

Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics Part A - Introduction To study this course, A student must have had the subject Physics in 3 Pre – requisite (if any) 12th class 1. The course would in able the students to understand the basic physics of heat and temperature in relation to energy work, radiation and matter 2. The Students are accepted to learn that " how laws of Thermodynamics are used in a heat engine to transform heat in to work" Course Learning 3. The course will also develop an understanding of the various 4 Outcomes (CLO) concepts of statistics and the methods to apply them in thermodynamics 4. Students will understand the importance of studying Statistical mechanics with the behaviour of Particles under classical and quantum conditions. 5 Credit Value 04 Credits Formative Assessment / CCE = 40 Marks Summative Assessment/ Minimum Passing 6 Total Marks Semester Exam = 60 Marks Marks – 35 Total (40+60) = 100 Marks  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics Part – B Content of the Course Total no. of lectures – As per UGC rules (1 Credit = 15 Lectures) No. of Module TOPIC Lectures Historical background & Laws of thermodynamics 1. Historical background: 1.1. A brief historical background of thermodynamics and statistical Physics in the context of India and Indian culture, Contribution of S. N. Bose in statistical Physics. 2. Laws of thermodynamics: 2.1. Thermodynamical system and thermodynamical coordinates, Thermal 12 equilibrium, Zeroth law of thermodynamics, The concept of path function and I point function, Work done by and on the system. 2.2. First law of thermodynamics, Internal energy as a state function, Reversible and irreversible change, Heat engine and its efficiency, Carnot's cycle, Carnot's engine and its efficiency, Carnot's theorem, Otto engine, Otto cycle, diesel engine. 2.3. Second law of thermodynamics, Statement of Kelvin- Plank and Clapeyron, Absolute scale of temperature: Zero of absolute scale, Size of degree, Identity of a perfect gas scale and absolute scale. Keywords/Tags: Thermodynamics, Internal energy, Heat engine, Absolute scale.  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics No. of Module TOPIC Lectures Entropy 1. Concept of entropy, Clausius theorem, Entropy as a point function, Change in entropy in reversible and irreversible processes. 2. Change in entropy of an ideal gas, Change in entropy when two liquids at different temperatures are mixed (or two bodies at different temperatures are kept in contact). II 12 3. Principle of increase of Entropy, Change in entropy of the universe in an irreversible process, Disorder and heat death of universe. 4. Physical significance of Entropy, Temperature - entropy (TS) diagram, third law of thermodynamics. Keywords/Tags: Reversible process, Entropy, Ideal gas.  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics No. of Module TOPIC Lectures Thermodynamic potentials and kinetic theory of gases 1. Thermodynamic potential and its application: 1.1. Thermodynamic potentials, Thermal equilibrium, Internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Enthalpy and Gibbs free energy. 1.2. Derivation of Maxwell's relations from thermodynamic potentials, Gibbs - Helmholtz equation, Thermodynamic energy equation for ideal and van der Waal gas. 1.3. TdS equation, Derivation of expressions for Cp-Cv and their special cases for ideal and van der Waal gases, derivation of the expression Es/ET= Cp / Cv.- Thomson III 12 1.4. Clausius Clapeyron latent heat equation, Temperature change in adiabatic process, Principle of refrigeration, Joule effect, Cooling by adiabatic demagnetization, Production and measurement of very low temperatures. 2. Kinetic theory of gases: 2.1. Behaviour of a real gas and its deviation from an ideal gas, Virial equation, Andrews experiment on CO2 gas. 2.2. Critical constant, continuity of the liquid and gaseous state, Vapour and gas state, Boyle temperature, van der Waals equation for real gas, Values of critical constants, Law of the corresponding state. Keywords/Tags: Potential, Enthalpy, Adiabatic, Real gas, Critical constant.  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics No. of Module TOPIC Lectures Classical Statistics 1. Probability, Distribution of N particles in two identical boxes, Probability of occurrence of either event, probability of composite events, Weightage probability. 2. Probability distribution and its narrowing with the increase in number of particles, Expression for average properties, constraints, Accessible and non- accessible microstates. 3. Ensemble theory (Micro-canonical, Canonical and Grand- canonical), Macro and micro states with examples, Principle of equal a prior probability, Concept of IV phase space. 12 4. Boltzmann Canonical distribution law: Application: average energy of one- dimensional harmonic oscillator, 5. Derivation of law of equipartition of energy from statistics, Equilibrium between two system in thermal contact and B parameter, Statistical interpretation of entropy and relation S=k logW. 6. Boltzmann partition function and derivation of expression for Internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, Enthalpy and Gibbs free energy. Keywords/Tags: Probability, Microstate, Ensemble theory, Partition function.  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics No. of Module TOPIC Lectures Quantum Statistics 1. Indistinguishability of particles and its consequences, Maxwell - Boltzmann statistics (Classical statistics): Maxwell- Boltzmann distribution law of velocity and speed, Maxwell - Boltzmann statistics and its distribution law. 2. Quantum statistics: Bose-Einstein statistics and distribution law, Derivation of Planck's radiation law from B-E statistics, Rayleigh - Jeans law, Wein's displacement law and Stefan's law. V 12 3. Fermi Dirac statistics and its distribution law, Explanation of free electron theory, Fermi level and Fermi energy. 4. Comparison between the Maxwell Boltzman and Fermi - Dirac statistics. Einstein Statistics, Bose- Keywords/Tags: Indistinguishability, Velocity distribution, Fermi level.  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics Part C- Learning Resources Text Books, Reference Books, Other resources Suggested Readings: Text Books: 1. Zemansky M. W. &Dittman R. - "Heat and Thermodynamics", Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing. 2. Searsand Salinger - “Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory&Statistical Thermodynamics", Narosa Publishing. Reference Books: 1. Garg S. C. &Ghosh C. K. - "Thermal Physics", Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing. 2. Subrahmanyam N., BrijLal, & - " Heat Thermodynamics and statistical", S. Chand, 2012. Hemne P.S. Publishing. Suggested Digital Platforms Web Links: 1. https://www.edx.org/course/thermodynamics  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type –Major 1 Course Code S1 – PHY - 1T 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics Part – D Assessment and Evaluation Internal Assessment: Continuous Comprehensive External Evaluation / Summative Evaluation (CCE)/ Formative Assessment: 40 Assessment: Marks Semester Exam:60 Marks Time: 03 hours Formative Assessment shall be based on – Quiz, Seminar, Presentation, Written test, Case Study, Project, Assignment etc. The division of marks is as follows: Section (A): 5 Test I 20 Marks Objective Questions 5 x 1= 5 (1 mark each) Section (B): 5 Short Best two test Questions out of eight Test II 20 Marks Marks = (20 + 5 x 7 = 35 questions (200 words 20) each) (7 Marks each) Section (C): Two long questions out of Test III 20 Marks four questions ( 500 2 x 10 = 20 Words each) (10 Marks each) Total Internal Assessment (CCE) 40 Marks Total External Marks Evaluation (Theory) 60 Marks Marks (A+B+ C) For Major, Minor, Open Elective, Foundation and Vocational 1. Courses, Part D will be as per the scheme of marks given. Note;- The student should secure 35% marks in Internal Assessment 2. (CCE) and External Evaluation (theory) combined.  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type – Major 1 Course Code S1–PHY-1P 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics Part A – Introduction Practical To study this course, A student must have had the subject physics in 12th 3 Pre – requisite (if any) class. 1. The students would gain practical knowledge about heat and radiation by performing various experiments. 2. The Students will acquire knowledge about the different forms of Course Learning distribution of subatomic particles in the system using statistical 4 Outcomes (CLO) methods. 3. The students will be able to use various thermodynamical instruments in daily life. 5 Credit Value 02 Credits 1  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type – Major 1 Course Code S1–PHY-1P 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics Part B- Content of the Course Total no. of lectures – As per UGC rules Lab Assignments 1 Determination of efficiency of electrical Kettle with variable voltages. 2 Determination of electromotive force of a thermocouple. 3 Determination of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor by Lee's disc method. 4 Verification of Newton's law of cooling. 5 Determination of specific heat of a liquid with the help of Newton's law of cooling. 6 Determination of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of a metal by Searl's method. 7 Determination of Stefan's constant using thermocouple. Study of statistical distribution and determination of standard deviation with the help of black 8 and white dice. 2  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type – Major 1 Course Code S1–PHY-1P 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics 3  Government Holkar (Model-Autonomous) Science College, Indore (M.P) Department of Physics Syllabus 2024-25 Programme- B.Sc. Physics Class : Ist Sem Year- 2024 Session 2024-25 Course Type – Major 1 Course Code S1–PHY-1P 2 Course Title Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics Part D- Assessment and Evaluation Suggested Continuous Evaluation methods: Internal Assessment/Formative Examination(A): 40 Marks Lab Record 15 Marks Attendance in the Lab 05 Marks Assignments (It can be in different modes) 20 Marks End Semester External Evaluation (B): 60 Marks Viva Voce on Practical 10 Marks Practical Record File 10 Marks Experiments 40 Marks Total Marks (A+B) (40 + 60 =100 Marks) 4