Booting Guide PDF

Bootin g PRE-TEST 1. What is booting in the operating system? A) Shutting down the computer B) Initializing and starting a computer C) Installing software on the computer D) Formatting the hard drive PRE-TEST 2. Which of the following is NOT a type of booting? A) Cold booting B) Hot boo...

Bootin g PRE-TEST 1. What is booting in the operating system? A) Shutting down the computer B) Initializing and starting a computer C) Installing software on the computer D) Formatting the hard drive PRE-TEST 2. Which of the following is NOT a type of booting? A) Cold booting B) Hot booting C) Warm booting D) Dual booting PRE-TEST 3. What is the primary role of the BIOS in the booting process? A) To load the operating system directly B) To initialize hardware and perform a POST C) To format the hard drive D) To load applications into memory PRE-TEST 4. Cold booting refers to starting a computer after it has been completely turned off. Which key step occurs during this process? A) BIOS checks for system errors B) The operating system loads automatically PRE-TEST 5. Warm booting is often initiated when the system becomes unresponsive. Which command can be used for warm booting? A) Ctrl+Alt+Del B) Shift+Delete C) Alt+F4 PRE-TEST 6. Which firmware interface has largely replaced BIOS in modern computers? A) POST B) ROM C) CMOS D) UEFI PRE-TEST 7. The Power-On Self-Test (POST) checks which of the following components? A) Network settings B) CPU, RAM, and storage devices C) Internet connection D) Printer and scanner drivers PRE-TEST 8. What type of partition table does UEFI use to support larger and more efficient disk management? A) Master Boot Record (MBR) B) GUID Partition Table (GPT) C) Logical Partition Table (LPT) D) Sector Partition Table (SPT) PRE-TEST 9. What is the main purpose of dual booting an operating system? A) To allow multiple users to log in simultaneously B) To allow the computer to switch between power modes C) To install two operating systems on one computer PRE-TEST 10. Why is booting essential in operating systems? A) For error correction and memory management B) To load applications automatically C) For system updates only D) To prevent unauthorized access 1.B) Initializing and starting a computer 2.D) Dual booting 3.B) To initialize hardware and perform a POST 4.A) BIOS checks for system errors 5.A) Ctrl+Alt+Del 6.D) UEFI 7.B) CPU, RAM, and storage devices 8.B) GUID Partition Table (GPT) 9.C) To install two operating systems on one computer 10.D) To prevent unauthorized access Bootin g Objectives: At the end of the Lesson, the Student will be able to:  Define the Booting Process  Differentiate Types of Booting  Identify common boot-related issues and outline basic troubleshooting steps. What is Booting in computer systems? Booting  Booting is a fundamental process in the world of computing.  Booting in an operating system is the process that starts up a computer from an "off" or "powered down" state, initializing and loading the operating system so it’s ready for use. This process involves several stages to prepare the computer's hardware and software, ensuring they function together.  Bootstrapping, commonly known as booting, is a crucial procedure that allows an operating system to load and initialize on a computer. It involves turning on the computer, loading the operating system into the main memory, and preparing it to accept user commands. The booting in the operating system process, also known as the boot sequence, consists of several steps that ensure the system is ready for use. Common Boot Problems: Hardware failure (RAM, hard drive and CPU) Corrupted boot files Incorrect BIOS/UEFI settings Types of Booting in Operating System Warm Cold Booting Booting (Rebooting) Cold Booting: Cold booting refers to starting up a computer for the first time or after it has been shut down completely. When we press the power button to initiate a cold boot, the computer reads the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) instructions stored in the ROM. Example Scenario  Alice is working on her desktop computer, but suddenly, the screen freezes, and she can't interact with any programs. The mouse and keyboard stop responding, and no applications are open. She tries waiting for a few minutes, but the system still doesn't recover. Steps: 1. Alice presses and holds the power button on the front of the computer case for a few seconds to turn off the computer completely. 2. She waits for a few moments to ensure the system is completely powered off. 3. Alice then presses the power button again to turn the computer back on. 4. After the system boots up, Alice is able to log in and use her computer again. Warm Booting: Warm booting, or rebooting, occurs when a computer restarts while it is powered on. This type of booting is usually performed when the system hangs or becomes unresponsive. Warm booting can be initiated through hardware, such as pressing a reset button, or software commands, like Example Scenario  Alice is working on her project and notices that some of her open applications are not responding, causing her to experience a slight lag. Rather than turning off her computer completely, Alice decides to restart her system to clear up any temporary issues. Steps: 1. Alice clicks on the Start Menu on her Windows computer and selects the Restart option. 2. The operating system closes all open applications, saves any necessary data, and restarts the computer. 3. After a few moments, Alice is back at her desktop, and the issues with her applications are resolved. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COLD AND WARM BOOT Cold Boot  Cold Boot reset all component then turn on them. Warm Boot  Warm Boot does not reset the hard drive but reset other components. Stages of Booting  The pre-boot stage, also known as the Pre-Boot Environment (PBE), is the initial phase in a computer’s startup process that occurs before the operating system (OS) is loaded into memory and executed. During this stage, the computer’s hardware is initialized, and critical system checks are conducted to ensure the system is ready to load the OS. Key Components of the Pre-Boot Stage: BIOS and POST UEFI 1. BIOS and UEFI BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) are firmware interfaces stored on the motherboard, and they serve as the first software layer that interacts with the hardware. Role: These interfaces initialize the hardware components and establish basic communication with input/output devices, such as the keyboard, mouse, display, and storage drives.  "What is the difference between UEFI and BIOS?" BIO UEF S I Feature UEFI BIOS Full name Unified Extensible Firmware Basic Input/Output Interface System Modernity More modern and flexible Older and traditional Interface Can have a graphical user Text-based interface interface Supports larger hard drives due Limited to 2.2TB hard Storage to advancements like GPT Support drive capacity due to partitioning (hardware MBR partitioning dependent) Boot Speed Generally faster boot times Slower boot times Networking Can support network booting Limited networking capabilities capabilities 2. POST (Power-On Self-Test) POST is a series of diagnostic tests performed by BIOS/UEFI to verify that essential hardware components, like the CPU, RAM, and storage devices, are functioning correctly. Purpose: POST ensures the computer’s critical hardware is ready for operation. If any issues are detected, such as a faulty component, an error message or beep code may be generated to inform the user. Activity : Understanding Bootstrapping Instructions: Divide into small groups and discuss the following sentence: "Bootstrapping, commonly known as booting, is a crucial procedure that allows an operating system to load and initialize on a computer." Activity : Understanding Bootstrapping Discussion Points: 1. What does "bootstrapping" mean in the context of computers, and why might it be called "booting"? 2. Why is booting considered a crucial procedure for the computer? 3. What would happen if the booting process