English Vocabulary in Use Elementary PDF

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University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 4843/24, 2nd Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, Delhi – 110002, India 79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/elt © Cambridge University Press 2017 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2005 Third Edition 2017 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-316-63152-2 Edition with answers and ebook ISBN 978-1-316-63153-9 Edition with answers ISBN 978-1-316-631546 ebook Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables, and other factual information given in this work is correct at the time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter.  1 The family A Family words A family tree for some of Anne and Ivan Sorokin’s relatives or relations. Henry + Diana Amelia Ivan + Anne George + Meena Karen Jack Ravi Kavita Ivan and Anne and their children Ivan is Anne’s husband and Karen and Jack’s father. Anne is Ivan’s wife and Karen and Jack’s mother. Anne and Ivan are Karen and Jack’s parents. Karen is Anne and Ivan’s daughter. Jack is their son. Karen is Jack’s sister. Jack is Karen’s brother. Henry and Diana Henry is Karen and Jack’s grandfather. Diana is their grandmother. Henry and Diana are Karen and Jack’s grandparents. Karen is Henry and Diana’s granddaughter. Jack is their grandson. Amelia, George and Meena George is Karen and Jack’s uncle. Amelia and Meena are Karen and Jack’s aunts. Karen is Amelia, George and Meena’s niece. Jack is their nephew. Kavita and Ravi are Karen and Jack’s cousins. B Expressions Have you got any brothers and sisters? No, I am an only child. Do you come from a big family? Yes, I have three brothers and two sisters. Common mistakes We say ‘my/his wife’ (singular) but ‘our/their wives’ (plural). 8 EnglishVocabularyinUseElementary Audio not supported  Exercises 1.1 Look at the family tree on the opposite page. Complete the sentences. 1 Kavita is Ravi’s sister 2 Ravi is Kavita’s 3 Anne is Kavita’s 4 Ivan is Ravi’s 5 Diana is Ravi’s 6 Henry is Kavita’s 7 Ravi is Ivan’s 8 Kavita is Ivan’s 9 Meena is Kavita’s 10 Meena is George’s 11 Karen is Ravi’s 1.2 TheSorokinshavesomeotherrelatives.Completethesentencesaboutthem. Sanjay Alexander and Leila Meenahasabrother,Sanjay.SanjayisKavitaandRavi’s 1 uncle and Sanjay’s wife is their 2. Sanjay and his wife have one son, Prem. Prem is an 3. Henry’sparentsarestillalive.AlexanderisHenry’s 4 and his 5 Leila is Henry’s 6. Alexander and Leila have three 7 –Amelia, Ivan and George. Ivan and George and their 8 , Anne and Meena, love their 9 and visit them as often as possible. 1.3 Ask a friend these questions. Then write sentences about your friend and their family. For example, Marta has one brother but no sisters. 1 Have you got any brothers and sisters? 2 Have you got any cousins? 3 Have you got any nieces or nephews? 4 Have you got any grandparents? 5 Do you come from a big family? 1.4 Cover the opposite page. How many family words can you write down in two minutes? Check what you wrote carefully with the book. Did you spell everything correctly? Which words did you forget? Over to you Draw your family tree. Then write sentences. Write about your relations. Marta is my mother. Use a dictionary to help you. English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 9  2 Birth, marriage and death A Birth Anna had a baby yesterday. He was born at 1.15 yesterday morning. He weighed 3 kilograms. They are going to call him John – after John, his grandfather.Hisgrandfather’sbirthdayisJune 16th too – but he was born in 1957! The baby’s parents were born in 1986. Common mistakes Anna had a baby [NOT Anna got a baby]. He/ She was born [NOT He/ She born or He/ She is born]. B Marriage The wedding If you do not have a partner, you are single. If you have a husband or wife, you are married. If your husband or wife dies, you are widowed. If your marriage breaks up, you are separated / divorced. [the marriage has legally ended] Harry and Sarah got married. They (got) married in 2001. (married without got is more formal) (bride) They went on their honeymoon to Italy. groom They were married for 15 years. Common mistakes Sarah got married to Harry [NOT with Harry]. bride C Death Then Harry became ill. He died last year. He died of a heart attack. Common mistakes Harry is dead [NOT Harry is died or Harry is death]. The funeral 10 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 2.1 Think of people you know. Where were they born? When? 1 My mother was born in Scotland on July 4th 1967. 2 3 4 5 2.2 Find a word on the opposite page which means … 1 thenameforawomanonherweddingday. bride 2 thenameforamanonhisweddingday. 3 whatyouareifyouhaven’tgotapartner. 4 tobe57kilograms. 5 whatyouareifyourmarriagehaslegallyended. 6 areligiousserviceforadeadperson. 7 aholidayafterawedding. 8 whatyouareifyourhusbandorwifedies. 2.3 Completethesentenceswithwordsfromthebox. in after of to born on 1 In 2003 Anne got married 2 Daniel Smith. Unfortunately, Daniel’s grandmother,LydiaSmith,died 3 old age soon after their wedding. Daniel and Anne were 4 their honeymoon when she died. Anne’s baby daughter was 5 two years later. They called the baby Lydia, 6 Daniel’s grandmother. 2.4 When were these people born and when did they die? Write sentences. 1 Genghis Khan (1162–1227) Genghis Khan was born in 1162 and died in 1227. 2 Christopher Columbus (1451–1506) 3 Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) 4 Princess Diana (1961–1997) 5 Heath Ledger (1979–2008) 2.5 Complete the sentences using died, dead or death. 1 Kelly’s grandfather died last year. 2 His made her very sad. 3 Her grandmother has been for five years now. 4 She of a heart attack. 5 Now all Kelly’s grandparents are. 2.6 Write about your family. Use words and expressions from the opposite page. Here are some ideas for making your sentences. I have. I/my I have / My has got married in (year). children. They were born in and For my/his/her honeymoon, I/he/she went (years). to. English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 11  3 Parts of the body hair A Head and face eye nose tooth / teeth mouth ear lip neck B Arm and leg shoulder nail leg knee thumb finger foot / feet hand toe arm C Rest of body chest back side waist stomach We have skin hip covering our bodies. D Inside the body heart brain blood E Pronunciation problems eye /aɪ/ knee /niː/ stomach /ˈstʌmək/ heart /hɑːt / blood /blʌd/ foot /fʊt/ tooth /tuːθ/ F Singular and plurals one foot – two feet one tooth – two teeth Hair is a singular word. My hair is very long – I must cut it soon. Common mistakes Usually we use my, your, his, her, etc. with parts of the body. Katie is washing her hair [NOT Jane is washing the hair]. I have a pain in my leg [NOT I have a pain in the leg]. (See Unit 6: Health and illness.) 12 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 3.1 Here are the names of some parts of the body with the letters mixed up. What are they? 1 eken knee 6 are 2 osen 7 hotot 3 rathe 8 buhtm 4 hamcost 9 akbc 5 olderush 10 tiwas 3.2 Complete these sentences with words from the opposite page. 1 Ahandhasfive fingers. 6 Youhearwithyour. 2 Afoothasfive. 7 Thechildsatonherfather’s. 3 Anadulthas32. 8 Your type can be A, B, AB or O. 4 Yousmellwithyour. 9 You think with your. 5 The is a symbol of love. 3.3 Correct the mistakes in the sentences. 1 I have a pain in the side. I have a pain in my side. 2 That woman has got very big foots. 3 My grandfather has a pain in the shoulder. 4 The baby has already got two tooths. 5 The little girl needs to wash the face and the hands before dinner. 6 My hairs are dirty. I need to wash them. 3.4 Parts of the body are often used in compound nouns too. Complete these nouns with a word from the opposite page. 1 arm chair 3 stick 5 scarf 2 ball 4 brush 6 bag 3.5 Complete the crossword. Look at the pictures. 2 1 1 2 2 4 3 4 3 5 5 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 13  4 Clothes A Clothes coat jacket scarf gloves shoes trainers boots suit hat skirt tie socks shirt ring belt T-shirt watch dress sweater / jumper B Plural words These words are always plural in English. They need a plural verb. trousers jeans shorts tights glasses pyjamas sunglasses My suit is new but these trousers are old. Her jeans / shorts / tights are blue. Note: You say: a pair of trousers / shorts / glasses, etc. C Verbs You wear clothes but you carry things. You wear glasses. Naomi is wearing a long blue coat. She’s carrying a suitcase and a handbag. You can also say: Naomi has (got) a blue coat on. You carry a bag and an umbrella. In the morning you get dressed or put your clothes on. At night you get undressed or you take your clothes off. Common mistakes Tip You put clothes on but you take clothes off When you get dressed in the morning, say to [NOT put clothes off]. yourself Now I’m putting on my socks. Now I’m putting on my shoes and so on. 14 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 4.1 Complete the sentences. 1 Joe has a job interview today, so he’s wearing a smart suit , a white sh andat. 2 Julia’s not working today, so she’s wearing a T- and sh s. 3 Lucy is going to play tennis. She’s wearing white s s and tr s. 4 Gianni is going to a business meeting. He’s ingab with his papers and laptop. 5 My trousers are too big. I have to wear a b. 6 It’scoldtoday.I’llwearmyj ,andI’lltakemyc too. 4.2 Match the item of clothing with the part of the body. scarf belt shoe hat glove glasses tights ring 1 3 4 6 8 7 2 5 4.3 Complete the sentences with one of the verbs in the box and put it in the right form. be wear carry have 1 Tim’s jeans are blue and his T-shirt red. 2 Julia jeans and a T-shirt today. 3 Meena got a red coat on and she some flowers. 4 Sarah’s dress old but her shoes new. 5 Last year Harry’s trousers white. Now they grey. 6 this a new pair of jeans? 7 My favourite pyjamas dark green. 8 Kim a new pair of shorts. 4.4 Label the picture. 1 sunglasses 10 2 9 3 4 8 5 7 6 4.5 Complete the verbs in the table. morning night get dressed get or your clothes on or your clothes off 4.6 What are you wearing today? Use a dictionary to help you. I’m wearing a white T-shirt and a blue jumper. I’ve got a pair of black trousers on. I’m wearing blue socks and white trainers. I’ve also got a watch and a pair of glasses on. English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 15  5 Describing people A Height /haIt/ and weight /weIt/ Bettina Schwenke Bettina Schwenke is a very tall woman. Tom Jakes Tom Jakes is quite short. If you aren’t tall or short, you are of medium height. Agata Sanchez is really slim. I was very thin when I was in hospital. [slim is more polite than thin] Agata Sanchez The doctor said I am overweight. [weigh too much] Their cat is very fat. It needs to go on a diet. B Face and head Suri has dark skin and dark hair. She has brown eyes. Polly Polly has blonde (or fair) hair and fair skin. She has blue eyes. Suri Ben has a beard and long hair. He has green eyes. Luca has a moustache /mʊˈstɑːʃ/ and short hair. You can also use has got, for example, Suri has got dark hair and dark skin. My mother is a very beautiful woman. [very pretty] My dad’s a very good-looking man. Common mistakes People are tall [NOT People are high]. Ben Luca People have blonde or dark hair [NOT hairs]. My sister is pretty. (usually girls / women only) Bob’s an ugly man. [ugly = the opposite of beautiful or good-looking] I’m not ugly or beautiful, I’m just average-looking! C Age My grandmother is 97. She’s very old. My sister is 14. She’s young, but would like to be older. My father is 56. He’s middle-aged, but would like to be younger! This hospital is for elderly people. (more polite than old) D Expressions A: How tall is Bettina / Tom? B: She’s 1.85 metres tall. / He’s 1.48 metres tall. A: How heavy are you? / How much do you weigh? B: I weigh 62 kilos / 74 kilos, etc. A: How old is he? B: He’s 84. A: What does Gemma / your sister look like? B: She’s tall and dark. She’s very pretty. Tip Some of the words on this page are a little negative, so be careful how you use them. It’s better not to say to someone: ‘You are fat / thin / ugly / old.’ 16 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 5.1 Complete the sentences. 1 He’s only 1 metre 52. He’s quite.short 2 Very people are often good at basketball. 3 Models are usually. 4 Does she have dark skin? No, it’s. 5 She’s only seven. She’s very. 6 If I eat too much I’ll be. 7 My grandmother is in this hospital. It’s a hospital for people. (don’t use ‘ old’) 5.2 Complete the questions using the words in brackets (). 1 How tall is your brother? (your brother) He’s about 1 metre 75. 2 Is ? (Elena’s hair) No, she’s got dark hair. 3 Is ? (Mike’s hair) Yes, it is quite long. 4 Are ? (your parents) Not really, they’re middle-aged. 5 Is ? (his sister) Yes, she’s very pretty. 6 Why ? (Sara, so thin) She’s very ill. 5.3 Write sentences about the people in these pictures. Felicity Jeff Anika Stefan 1 Felicity’s got blonde hair and fair skin. 2 Jeffhas 3 Anika’s got 4 Stefan’s hair is and he 5.4 Write questions. 1 your brother, height How tall is your brother? 2 your teacher, looks 3 you, weight 4 your mother, age 5 your sister, height 6 your parents, looks 5.5 Now write answers to the questions in 5.4. 1 He’s not very tall. He’s 1 metre 52. Over to you Write down the names of three people you know. Then write about their: height (tall, short, medium height) eyes (colour) hair (colour, long, short, beard) looks (pretty, average-looking, etc.) English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 17  6 Health and illness A How are you today? I’m very well, thanks. I’m fine, thanks. I don’t feel very well. I must go home and rest. (I’ll probably be OK tomorrow.) I feel ill. Can you get a doctor, please? (Perhaps it’s a serious problem.) That fish was bad. I think I’m going to be sick! (I want to vomit.) B Everyday problems Have you got an aspirin? I’ve got a headache. /'hedeIk/ I’ve got toothache. /ˈtuːθeɪk/ I need to go to the dentist. I’m going to bed with a hot drink. I’ve got a cold. C Problems people have for many years / all their lives I get hay fever every summer, from flowers and grass. I sneeze all day. /sniːz/ My little brother has asthma; sometimes he can’t breathe. /ˈæsmə/ D Illnesses in hot / tropical countries mosquito In some countries, mosquitoes can give people malaria. /məˈleərɪə/ The drinking water was bad, and many children had cholera. /ˈkɒlərə/ E Serious illnesses Common mistakes Every year cancer kills many people who smoke. /ˈkænsə/ My father had a heart attack My father went to hospital when he [NOT got a heart attack]. had a heart attack. F Expressions A Do you have a healthy diet? B Yes, I eat lots of fruit and vegetables. A Do you exercise? B Yes, I like swimming, jogging and cycling. They’re really good for you. A I feel stressed! B Do you? You need to relax more and don’t panic about work! 18 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 6.1 Complete the dialogues. 1 A: How are you today? B: Very well, thanks. A: Good! 2 A: Are you OK? B: No, A: Would you like to use the bathroom? B: Yes, thank you. 3 A: I B: I’ll get a doctor. A: Oh, thank you. 4 A: B: Here’s the dentist’s phone number. A: Thanks. 5 A: Your nose is red. Have you got ? B: Yes. A: Have a hot drink and go to bed early. 6.2 Match the illnesses in the table with a possible treatment. gotothedentist takeanaspirin gotohospital gotobedwithahotdrink illness treatment a headache take an aspirin toothache a heart attack a cold 6.3 What illnesses are connected with … 1 a mosquito bite? malaria 2 bad drinking water? 3 pollution, traffic fumes, etc.? 4 grass, flowers, sunshine, etc.? 5 smoking, unhealthy diet, no exercise? 6.4 Answer these questions. Use a dictionary to help you. 1 Do you have a healthy diet? 2 What exercise do you do? 3 Do you often feel stressed? 4 Have you ever been in hospital? 5 Do you get hay fever in summer? English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 19  7 Feelings A Love, like and hate ++ + – –– love like don’t like hate I love my family and my best friend. I like my job. I don’t like horror films. I hate spiders. B Happy, sad and tired happy sad angry upset cold hot thirsty hungry well ill tired surprised Common mistakes I am very happy about your news [NOT I am very happy for your news]. BUT You did very well in your exam – I’m very happy for you. C Prefer, hope and want I prefer coffee to tea. (= I like coffee more than I like tea.) I hope to do well in my exam. I hope (that) my friend does well in his exam. Common mistakes I want a new car. [I would like] I want to buy a new car. I want you to help me [NOT I want Note: I want my mother to buy a new car. that you help me]. D Expressions A Do you like football? B Yes, I really like football / it. No, I don’t like football / it very much. Common mistakes A How’s your grandfather? [NOT I very like football / it. or I like very much football / it.] B He’s very well, thanks. A And how about your grandmother? B She’s a bit / a little tired. 20 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 7.1 Do you love, like, not like or hate these things? Write sentences. 1 chocolate I love chocolate. 5 football 2 cowboy films 6 cats 3 flying 7 cars 4 tea 8 jazz music 7.2 Which do you prefer? Write answers. 1 tea or coffee? I prefer coffee to tea. 4 cars or bikes? 2 dogs or cats? 5 strawberry or chocolate ice cream? 3 sunbathing or sightseeing? 6 watching sport or doing sport? 7.3 Answer these questions using want or hope. 1 You’re thirsty. What do you want? I want glass of water. 2 The lesson feels very long. What do you hope? 3 You’re hungry. What do you want? 4 Your friend feels ill. What do you hope? 5 You’re tired. What do you want to do? 6 You’re upset. What do you want to do? 7 It’s very cold weather. What do you hope? 8 Your friend feels sad. What do you want? 7.4 Look at the pictures. How do the people feel? Use words from B opposite. 1 Jessica is hungry. 4 Sunita 2 Nicholas 5 Fiona 3 Max 6 The children 7.5 Correct the mistakes. 1 I very like basketball. I like basketball very much. 2 I am happy for my sister’s good news. 3 The teacher wants that we learn these new words. 4 I like really spiders. 5 My brother has a good new job. I’m very happy about him. 6 My parents want that I go to university. 7 I feel very well. How for you? 8 Priya is bit tired this morning. Over to you When did you last feel … 1 surprised 2 hungry 3 tired 4 angry I felt surprised yesterday when I saw the news. English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 21 14 Jobs A What’s his/her job? doctor teacher nurse mechanic farmer secretary shop assistant hairdresser engineer B Jobs in the town police officer traffic warden librarian bank clerk /klA:k/ C Expressions Sam What’s your job? Ben I’m a waiter. I work in a restaurant. What do you do? Sam I’m a taxi driver. Ben Is it an interesting job? Sam Yes, I like it. Where do you work? Sophie I work in an office. Sometimes it’s boring. My dad works in a factory which makes car parts. I worked in a shop at the weekends when I was a student. I want to work in a beauty salon as a hairdresser. I’d like to work in a children’s hospital. I’m a writer. I work at / from home. 34 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 14.1 Where do they work? 1 A teacher works in a school / college / university. 2 A doctor 3 A waiter 4 A secretary 5 A shop assistant 6 A hairdresser 14.2 Match the pictures with the jobs in the box. nurse farmer secretary taxi driver engineer mechanic 1 3 5 farmer 2 4 6 14.3 Complete the crossword. Across Down 1 works on a bus 1 works in a hospital 2 works in a school 2 works in a restaurant 3 writes books 3 works with the doctor 1 1 b u s d r v 3 3 2 2 3 w t r 14.4 Complete the sentences. 1 He works in a factory which makes electrical goods. 2 She’s an. She builds roads and bridges. 3 The traffic is checking all the parked cars. 4 The told me to return the book at the end of the month. 5 The bank changed some money for me. 6 A police told me the way to the station. 14.5 Answer the questions for yourself. 1 What do you do? 2 Where do you work? 3 Is it an interesting job? English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 35 15 At school and university A Subjects English maths history geography biology art modern PE (physical languages ICT (information education) chemistry physics music communication technology) B Useful things board noticeboard piece of paper pencil notebook textbook drawing pin OHP (overhead rubber projector) pencil pen sharpener board rubber board pen DVD player desk ruler whiteboard computer C Expressions A maths teacher teaches maths. Her students study maths. Children go to school and students go to university. At school children learn to read and write. Students can do an (English) course in many schools and universities. At the end of a course, you often take / do an exam. You hope to pass your exams. You don’t want to fail your exams. If you pass your final exams at university, you get a degree. Common mistakes After school, students do homework [NOT make homework or do homeworks]. (See Units 40 and 41 for more expressions with do and make.) 36 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 15.1 Match the subject on the left with what you study on the right. 1 maths a animals and plants 2 physics b sport 3 history c 25y + 32x = 51z 4 geography d E = mc2 5 PE e H2O 6 English f the countries of the world 7 chemistry g the 15th century 8 biology h computers 9 ICT i spelling 15.2 Look at the picture for 30 seconds. Then cover it. How many of the ten objects can you remember? Write them down in English. 15.3 Which of the things in B on the opposite page are in the room where you study English? Write them here. In the room where I study English I can see 15.4 Choose a verb from C opposite to fill the gaps below. Put the verb in the correct form. Ethan does well at school. He finds it easy to 1 learn and he always 2 his 3 4 homework. He usually all his exams. He will his final school exams 5 6 soon. If he , he will to university next year. If he 7 , he will be very sad. Ethan really wants to 8 geography at university. He 9 would also like to a special geology course. His sister is already at university. Next year 10 she will her degree and then she will try to find a job. 15.5 Which are/were your three favourite subjects? Which subjects (if any) do / did you not like? Tip Draw two columns on a piece of paper. In one column write five words from the opposite page which you want to learn. In the second column put a drawing (or a translation or a definition). Cover the first column and look at the second column. Can you remember the English words? English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 37 27 Countries and nationalities A Continents and countries continent country continent country North America Canada Australia Australia the USA / the US New Zealand South America Argentina Asia China Brazil India Chile Japan Colombia Pakistan Peru Thailand Europe Germany Africa Egypt Italy Morocco Poland South Africa Spain Tunisia the UK Antarctica It is not possible to show all the countries of the world on a small page. If your country is not included, check its English name with your teacher or on the Internet. Common mistakes All the nouns and adjectives for continents, countries and nationalies always begin with a capital letter, for example Africa [NOT africa]. B Nationalities notes adjective most country adjectives American, Argentinian, Australian, Brazilian, Canadian, end in (i)an Colombian, Egyptian, German, Indian, Italian, Moroccan, Peruvian, South African, Tunisian many country adjectives British, English, Finnish, Irish, Polish, Scottish, Spanish end in ish a few country adjectives Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese end in ese exceptions Pakistani, Thai, French Tip Remember that words for languages are often the same as the ‘people’ adjective, e.g. French, Spanish, Japanese and Thai. One exception is Arabic. 60 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 27.1 Which countries do these letters make? 1 HINAC China 4 OCRMOOC 2 ZIRALB 5 ANJAP 3 PINSA 6 DALTHINA 27.2 Match these capital cities to their countries and make sentences. 1 Tokyo Tokyo is the capital of Japan. 2 Rome 3 Canberra 4 Bogotá Argentina Australia Colombia 5 Cairo Egypt Germany Italy Japan 6 London Poland Spain the UK 7 Berlin 8 Warsaw 9 Buenos Aires 10 Madrid 27.3 Which country is different? (Think of the languages they speak there.) Write sentences. 1 Australia, Canada, England, Iceland In England, Canada and Australia they speak English but in Iceland they speak Icelandic. 2 Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Spain 3 Austria, Germany, Italy, Switzerland 4 China, Egypt, Morocco, Saudi Arabia 5 Canada, France, Scotland, Switzerland 27.4 What is the adjective for these countries? 1 Indian Indian 6 Spain 2 Thailand 7 Peru 3 Germany 8 China 4 Egypt 9 Australia 5 Argentina 10 Poland 27.5 Write down: 1 the name of your country. 2 the names of the countries next to your country. 3 the name of your language. 4 the name for people from your country. Over to you In which continents are these places? Use the Internet to help you. Mount Everest Asia The Sahara The Amazon Wagga Wagga The Volga Mount Kilimanjaro The Mississippi Mount Fuji Lake Titicaca English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 61 28 Weather A Types of weather snow sun rain cloud fog wind thunder lightning B Adjectives and verbs noun adjective sun sunny rain rainy wind windy cloud cloudy snow snowy fog foggy thunder thundery lightning - C Other useful weather words It is very hot in Mexico - it is often 45 degrees there in summer. It is very cold in the Arctic - it is often minus 50 degrees there. It can be very wet in London - carry an umbrella when you go sightseeing there. It is very dry in the Sahara - it doesn’t often rain there. A hurricane is a very strong wind. A storm is when there is a strong wind and rain together. A thunderstorm is when there is thunder, lightning, rain and sometimes wind together. D Expressions It’s a sunny day in Tokyo today, but it’s cloudy in Hong Kong. It’s foggy in Sydney and it’s snowing / it’s snowy in Moscow. It’s raining in Barcelona but the sun is shining in Granada. It’s a lovely day. Common mistakes It’s a horrible day, isn’t it! We say It’s windy / cloudy / foggy / What’s the weather like in your sunny [NOT It’s winding / clouding / country in June? fogging / sunning]. It’s usually warm and sunny. Tip Watch the weather forecast in English on TV or online as often as you can. 62 English Vocabulary in Use Elementary  Exercises 28.1 Match the words and the symbols. 1 snow 2 sun 3 rain 4 fog 5 lightning 6 wind 7 cloud a b c d e f g 28.2 Look at the chart. Write sentences about the cities in the chart. Hanoi 1 It is sunny in Hanoi. Hong Kong 2 It is raining in Hong Kong. La Paz 3 It is Paris 4 It Tashkent 5 Seoul 6 Washington 7 28.3 Complete these sentences with a word from the opposite page. 1 The sun shone every day last month. 2 When it , I take my umbrella. 3 What’s the like in your country in January? 4 When it , we can go skiing. 5 You see before you hear thunder. 6 It is 24 here today. 7 It is dangerous to be in a small boat at sea in a 8 It is very in Siberia in winter. 28.4 Are these sentences true about the weather in your country? If not, correct them. 1 It often snows in December. It sometimes snows in December. 2 It is usually 40 degrees in summer and minus 20 degrees in winter. 3 There are thunderstorms every day in August. 4 It is very wet in spring. 5 We never have hurricanes. 6 Summer is usually hot and dry. 28.5 What do you like to do or not like to do in these types of weather? 1 fog I don’t like to drive. 3 a rainy day 5 a windy day 2 sunny weather 4 snow English Vocabulary in Use Elementary 63