Biology: Plant, Animal, and Fungi Cells - Differences and Similarities - PDF

Comparing Plant, Animal and Fungi Cells  CLOSE MACBOOKS Discussion: How are animal, fungi, and plant cells similar? How are they different? Discuss this with the students sitting around you? You will explore this in a lab after the break next week.  Plant vs...

Comparing Plant, Animal and Fungi Cells  CLOSE MACBOOKS Discussion: How are animal, fungi, and plant cells similar? How are they different? Discuss this with the students sitting around you? You will explore this in a lab after the break next week.  Plant vs Animal vs Fungi: Similarities ►All three cell types have cell membranes that enclose the cell. ►All three cell types are filled with cytoplasm, a gel-like substance containing chemicals needed by the cell. It’s the liquid everything floats in. ►All three cell types have a nucleus where DNA is stored. ►All three cell types have ribosomes, protein builders of cells. ►Both plant cells and fungal cells have cell walls  Similarities Continued ► All three cell types have mitochondria that use oxygen to break down food and release energy. ► All three cell types have vacuoles that contain food, water, or waste products. (Animal cells usually have many more and much smaller vacuoles.) ► All three cell types have lysosomes (all though they might have different names depending on the source you look at. Fungi and plants sometimes have lysosomes that are called acidic vacuoles, for example. Bio has lots of names for lots of things.) )  A Few More Similarities ► All three cell types have endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth), where a system of tubes transports proteins and lipids, etc. ► All three cell types have Golgi apparatuses/bodies to distribute proteins around the inside and to the outside of the cell.  Plant, Animal, and Fungi Cells: Differences ► Plant cells have cell walls (made of cellulose) that provide structure. Animal cells do not have cell walls. The cell wall of fungi is composed mainly of glucans, chitin and glycoproteins. (don’t worry about memorizing these.) ► A few large animal cells have more than one nucleus, but plant cells ALWAYS have just one. Fungi can also have “multinucleated” cells. ex filamentous fungi that stretch over several meters. ► Plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Animal cells and fungi cells do not.  More Differences: ► Animal cells, plant cells and fungi cells use mitochondria for energy molecule (ATP) production, BUT only plants use chloroplasts (photosynthesis) to produce glucose which will then be used by their mitochondria to produce energy molecules (Cellular Respiration). ► Animal cells tend to have many small vacuoles (mentioned in similarities, too). Mature plant cells may have only one large vacuole. Fungi can have many or one. They vary greatly in their characteristics.  Cells Using Information ► The nucleus is the control center of plant, fungi and animal cells. ► The nucleus contains DNA. ► DNA and RNA molecules work together to make proteins. Cells require thousands of protein molecules in order to work well.  Helpful Diagrams The cell structures interactive is useful to preview cell organelles, which is something we will focus on in great detail later. Let’s play around with that now.  READ MORE HERE: ANIMAL CELLS: Basic Biology PLANT CELLS: Basic Biology FUNGI CELLS: Basic Biology  Assignment Similar to before. ► You should be able to produce a Venn Diagram demonstrating similarities and differences between plant, fungi and animal cells. This is potential Quiz or Test material. ► You should be able to produce hand drawn diagrams that show the differences between plant, fungi and animal cells. ► These are things you SHOULD be able to do. They are not assignments. So… fair warning.