BIO2600 Nervous System Study Guide FA22 PDF

**BIO2600 Study Guide for Nervous System** 1. Know that the nervous system controls and integrates all body activities within the limits that maintain life. 2. What are the three functions of the nervous system? 3. What are the two divisions of the nervous system? 4. What structures make...

**BIO2600 Study Guide for Nervous System** 1. Know that the nervous system controls and integrates all body activities within the limits that maintain life. 2. What are the three functions of the nervous system? 3. What are the two divisions of the nervous system? 4. What structures make up the central nervous system (CNS)? 5. What structures make up the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? 6. What are the three subdivisions of the PNS? What is the function of each division? 7. What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system? What is the function of each division? 8. What is the functional unit of the nervous system? 9. What are the three parts of a nerve cell? What is the function of each part? 10. Know that neurons have electrical excitability. 11. What are the two functional classifications of neurons? 12. What are the three structural classifications of neurons? 13. What is the most common type of neuron based on structural type? 14. What structural neuron is found in sensory organs like the retina and inner ear? 15. Neuroglia compromise what percent of the volume of the CNS? 16. Know that the neuroglia are smaller than neurons. 17. What are the four types of neuroglial cells in the CNS? What is the function of each type? 18. What are the two types of neuroglial cells in the PNS? What is the function of each type? 19. What is gray matter? What is white matter? 20. What is multiple sclerosis (MS)? 21. What is plasticity? What does it allow neurons to do? 22. Describe the ability of the PNS to regenerate/repair itself. 23. Describe the ability of the CNS to regenerate/repair itself. 24. What three factors are required for the PNS to repair itself? 25. What are the four factors that prevent neurogenesis in the CNS? 26. What is the function of the CNS? 27. What are the three coverings of the spinal cord? Know what each is made from and what the order from superficial to deep. 28. Where does the spinal cord end? 29. What is a spinal tap or lumbar puncture? Why is it used? 30. Is the dorsal (posterior) root of spinal nerves sensory or motor in function? 31. Is the ventral (anterior) root of spinal nerves sensory or motor in function? 32. What is a tract in the spinal cord? 33. Do sensory tracts ascend or descend? Do motor tracts ascend or descend? 34. What is a spinal reflex? 35. What is a somatic reflex? 36. What is an autonomic (visceral) reflex? 37. What is a reflex arc? 38. Know the order of the five components of the reflex arc. 39. What is the clinical purpose of checking reflexes? 40. How many pairs of spinal nerves are there? 41. What is a nerve plexus? What are two different examples? 42. What are dermatomes? 43. What are the functions of the brain? 44. Know the order and name of the 12 cranial nerves. Know the function of each of the 12 cranial nerves (sensory, motor, or mixed/both). 45. What are the four principal parts of the brain? 46. What are the coverings of the brain? 47. What two arteries supply blood to the brain? 48. What is the blood-brain barrier (BBB)? 49. What is cerebrospinal fluid (CFS)? What are the functions? Where is CFS produced? 50. What is a ventricle? 51. Where is CFS reabsorbed? 52. What is hydrocephalus? 53. Know the functions of the following parts of the brain: ------------------- ---------- Structure Function Medulla Oblongata Pons Midbrain Cerebellum Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus Cerebrum ------------------- ---------- 54. What is the primary motor cortex? What is the somatosensory cortex? 55. Know that the relative size of the cortical areas is proportional to the number of sensory or motor receptors. 56. What is the function of the limbic system? 57. What is the function of the autonomic nervous system? 58. What is the function of the somatic nervous system? 59. What does dual innervation mean? 60. Know the information on sympathetic response on slide 86. 61. Know the information on parasympathetic responses on slide 87. **\*Please note that questions on the test will not be asked in the exact same manner as this study guide.** **\*\*Keep this study guide and your answers, it will be useful for studying for the final exam.**