Biology Questions on Respiration and Digestion PDF

1.​ Indicate the importance of gas exchange in all living organisms. 2.​ Describe how organisms are able to respire through their skin. 3.​ What makes the respiratory system of birds efficient? 4.​ Identify the Structures of the human respiratory system and identify their functions. 5.​ Why is advan...

1.​ Indicate the importance of gas exchange in all living organisms. 2.​ Describe how organisms are able to respire through their skin. 3.​ What makes the respiratory system of birds efficient? 4.​ Identify the Structures of the human respiratory system and identify their functions. 5.​ Why is advantageous to have millions of tiny alveoli versus one large alveoli? 6.​ How is oxygen transported around the body? 7.​ Why is it necessary to breathe supplemental oxygen when climbing tall mountains such as Mt. Everest? 8.​ What is one adaptation to training and living at high altitudes? 9.​ What muscles are involved in inhalation and exhalation? 10.​Compare the terms vital capacity, expiratory reserve volume and residual volume and tidal volume. 11.​A number of medical conditions, such as bronchitis, cause air passages to narrow, what problems might this cause? Choose 1 condition to know well…recall the respiratory diseases/disorders station activity. 12.​Lung transplants and other technologies. (text question set) 13.​What are the components of blood and the functions of those components? 14.​What is the function of the protein hemoglobin? Where is it found? 15.​How many layers of tissue do arteries have? What is the function of each layer? 16.​Purpose, structure of veins 17.​Explain Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation 18.​Explain what systemic, cardiac and pulmonary circuits are. 19.​What arteries supply the following organs with oxygenated blood: liver, kidney, stomach 20.​How many chambers does the human heart have? 21.​What are the functions of the hearts valves? 22.​Which arteries bring blood to the lungs to pick up refreshing oxygen? 23.​What is vasodilation of the capillaries? 24.​What changes occur to blood flow in the human body when someone falls into icy waters? What is the purpose of this change? 25.​What is the purpose of valves within the veins? 26.​What is the function of the jugular vein? 27.​How does an ECG record the electrical activity of the heart? 28.​Know the parts of a normal ECG waveform. 29.​Why are ECGs used in medicine? 30.​What would be some complications to a child who has a hole in the wall that separates the left and right ventricles? 31.​Why do athletes who compete in endurance sports such as the marathon or cross-country skiing have larger and thicker left ventricles? 32.​Explain the difference between open and closed circulatory systems. 33.​Compare the heart structures of fish, amphibians and mammals. 34.​What are the causes of a coronary artery blockage? Explain how a blockage happens. 35.​What is a coronary bypass? 36.​Trace the path of a red blood cell from the inferior vena cava to the hand. 37.​Outline a stepwise procedure for taking blood pressure. 38.​What is systolic pressure? What is diastolic pressure? What is considered to be ‘normal’ blood pressure? 39.​What causes the ‘lub’ sound in a heartbeat? The ‘dub’ sound? 40.​The process of atherosclerosis. Dangers associated with condition. 41.​The macromolecules, carbohydrates, proteins and lipids: monomers, dissacharides, polymers, Examples of foods that contain each. Function of each macromolecule in the body. 42.​List the structures (and functions) of the digestive tract in order. What are villi? Where are they located? What is their function? What are microvilli? 43.​What is peristalsis? Include a labelled diagram of how peristalsis works. 44.​Functions of accessory organs of digestive tract. Pancreas, liver and gall bladder. 45.​What is acid reflux? 46.​What are stomach ulcers and how are they caused? 47.​Show diagrams – digestion, respiratory system