Bio Questions PDF

Quiz one - The study of zoology is exclusively focused on the organisms from the kingdom Animalia? TRUE - Which of the following is not part of the scientific method? Publish a paper. - Animals are in the domain archaea. False. - Prokaryotes referred to bacterial cells that lack a...

Quiz one - The study of zoology is exclusively focused on the organisms from the kingdom Animalia? TRUE - Which of the following is not part of the scientific method? Publish a paper. - Animals are in the domain archaea. False. - Prokaryotes referred to bacterial cells that lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.TRUE - Animal cells have mitochondria and chloroplasts FALSE. - The organelle lysosome functions in cell digestion breakdown of non-functional organelles and cell programmed death. True - The organelle functions in producing membrane, lipids and detoxification of substances. Smooth ER. - All eukaryotes belong to which group. Domain eukarya - Golgi apparatus- Found in all eukaryotic cells only. - Nucleus- found in eukaryotic cells only - Ribosomes- A feature of all cells. - Cell membrane- A feature of all cells. - What is the lowest level of biological organization that is still able to perform all the activities required for life? Cell. Quiz two - Which of the following are components of cell respiration except? DNA replication. - The cell cycle consists of the following phases: G1, S phase, G2, M phase (all of the above) - Prophase– nuclear membrane dissolves, chromatin condenses in the chromosomes - Anaphase– duplicated chromosomes are pulled apart from the centromere and begin to migrate to opposite ends of the cell - Metaphase– chromosomes are lined up along an imaginary plane in the middle of the cell - Cytokinesis– new cells are formed from the process of mitosis - Telophase– cells are beginning to migrate to opposite poles, and the reformation of the nuclear envelope begins - Mitosis is part of the cell cycle, but it is not part of interphase. True. - Meiosis is the division of body cell and mitosis is the division of sex cells. False - Crossing over occurs in prophase1 of mitosis 1. False. Quiz three – cell respiration, and tissues - Which of the following are primary animal tissues? endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm(all of the above are primary tissues) - Which of the following are part of the cell respiration process? glycolysis, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation,(all are part of cell respiration) - What is the term used for the metabolic pathway in which glucose is degraded, oxygen is used to produce to carbon dioxide, ATP, heat and water? Cellular respiration. - The bulk of ATP is formed in which step of cellular respiration? Electron transport chain.  - In humans, CO2 is produced as a waste product during cellular respiration. Which step is CO2 produced that is exhaled during breathing,? Kerb’s cycle. - Animals from the phylum porifera lack true tissues, but are multicellular. True. - All of the following are main categories of animal tissues, except… simple cuboidal tissue Exam one - According to the scientific method, an experiment should: have at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment; the control. - All of the following are part of interphase except. Mitosis. - Cells are beginning to form at opposite ends. Telophase - Centromeres uncouple, sister chromatids are separated, and the two new chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell. Anaphase - Chromosomes lineup along the center of an imaginary plane. Metaphase - Darwins mechanisms of natural selection require longtime expanse in order to modify species. From whom did Darwin get the concept of earths ancient age? Charles Lyell - In the animal cells, hydrolytic enzymes are packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles function in this compartmentalization? Lysosome - Individual organisms evolve, populations don’t! False - Nervous tissue– these cells are part of an animal tissue that conducts electrical signals that regulate the animal body function. - Connective tissue – blood and cartilage are part of this tissue type - Muscle tissue– type of tissue that is involved of movement of the bony skeleton in mammals - Cardiac muscle tissue – type of tissue found in the heart - Squamous epithelial– type of epithelial tissue found lining the inner part of your mouth - Cuboidal epithelium – tissue found in Kidney tubules - Most CO2 from cell respiration is released during. The citric acid cycle. - Nuclear envelope dissolves in chromatin condenses into chromosomes. Prophase - Pea plants are particularly well suited for the use in Mendel’s breeding experiments for all the reasons except that. Pea plants live for more than 200 years. - Rough endoplasmic reticulum – found in eukaryotic cell only - Smooth endoplasmic reticulum – found in eukaryotic cells only - The science of zoology is: the study of animals - What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with Pea plants? traits are inherited in discrete units, and are not the results of “blending” - Where does glycolysis takes place? Cytoplasm outside the mitochondria - Where does the electron transport chain that generates ATP occur in the mitochondria? Cristae or folds of the mitochondria - Which of the following is true for alleles? They can be identical or different for any given in a somatic cell. They can be dominant or recessive. They can represent alternative forms of a gene.(A, B, and C are correct.)  - Which of the following sequences represent the hierarchy of biological organization from the most to the least complex level? Ecosystem, community, organism, tissue, cell, organelle - Gregor Mendel is considered to be the father of genetics. His work focused on breeding.. Pea plants - Mendel’s work gave rise to two laws of genetics during genetic formation (meiosis): 1- Mendel’s lab of segregation 2-natural selection. False. - Allele is defined as one or more different forms of a gene. True. - Cell respiration occurs on the chloroplasts of animal cells. False. Quiz four – evolution - An example for analogous structures would be the limb structures of an octopus, sea star, and a grasshopper. This suggests that these parts have similar function, but not common ancestry. True. - Convergent evolution states that independent evolution of similar features occur in species in different lineages. True. - Please select all of the following that is a mechanism of evolution: natural selection, genetic drift, migration, mutation - The example presented in lecture(soapberry bug, endler’s guppies, etc) support that Darwinian view that evolution by natural selection exclusively occurs after a very long time(million of years). False. - Which of the following is not a characteristic shared by all members of the kingdom Animalia? They are all bilaterally symmetrical. Quiz – animals, flatworms - Phylum porifera– the basal lineage of all animals. Lack true tissues. - Phylum Ctenophora- comb jellies - Phylum Cnidaria- group of animals that consist of the jellyfish and Hydra - Phylum Platyhelminthes- organisms known as the flatworms. Animals in this group consist of the planaria and liver flukes - Protosome development – development in animal tissues where the mouth develops first - Deuterostome development – development in animal tissues where the anus develops first - Endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm – all our embryonic germ layers - Class Cestoda- organisms in this class or of the phylum platyhelminthes and are known as tapeworms - Hydra andMedusa– are the two main body plans in the phylum Cnidaria - Coelomate animal – have a body cavity called a coelom with a complete lining called peritoneum derived from mesoderm - Please select all the possible mechanisms for reproduction in animals. Parthenogenesis, sexual reproduction, budding. Quiz– rotifers and annelids - Which phylum is characterized by a wheel like structure called a corona, and our doctor Rubio‘s favorite? Rotifers. - What is a common feature of the phylum Ectoprocta? A lophophore for feeding.  - Which class within the phylum Mollusca includes organisms single, coiled shell? Cephalopoda - What distinguishes the phylum Nermertea from other worm like phyla? Possession of a proboscis - What is the defining characteristic of the class Polychaeta within Annelida? They have parapodia - Mussels began their life cycle as a parasitic glochidia. True Exam two - species within which phylum exhibit radial symmetry? Cnidaria - A pseudocoelomate has a fluid filled internal cavity that is: is enclosed by the mesoderm endoderm - Sea anemones and jellyfish belong to which phyla? Cnidaria - Species within which phylum Annelida are collectively known as? Segmented worms. - What do all protostomes have in common? The blastopore formed during gastrulation becomes the mouth - Which of the following is true about organisms in the phylum Cnidaria? The mouth and an anus share one opening. - The model organism roundworm C. elegans belongs to which animal phylum? Nematoda - Species within this phylum have flattened body plans, so that each cell can be in contact with the outside environment to perform gas exchange. Platyhelminthes - Octopus and squid belong to which class of mollusks? Cephalopods. - Organisms within the phylum Nematoda are typically, meaning that they have separate male and female sexes. Dioecious - Organisms in the phylum Gastropoda exhibit the following characteristics? Shelled species, non-shelled species, radula, slime or mucus production(all of the above) - Members of the phylum exhibit a primitive body plan that does not have all three germ layers of tissue and display no symmetry? They are the basal lineage of all animals. Porifera - Species in the class bivalves use which of the following organs for gas exchange? Gills. - Species in the phylum Nermetea use a unique feeding a structure called. Retractable proboscis - Invasive Zebra mussels come from the phylum mollusca and the class? Bivalves. - Which of the following is not found in annelids? A cuticle made of chitin - The larvae of many common tapeworms affecting humans are from which class? Cestoda - All of the following characterize the phylum Rotifera except: very large size - A Terrestrial molluscs without a shell belongs to which class? Bivalvia - A student was given a sample of guilty tissue of a common freshwater fish of the Rio Grande. She notices that it has a parasitic larva-Mussel-Glochidia-attached and determines the parasite is from the Phylum Mollusca. The student is observing an animal belonging to which class? Bivalvia - Which of the following is not found in nematodes? Segmentation.  - Which of the following is not characteristic of nematodes? They play an important role in decomposition, many species are parasitic, they have poorly developed nervous systems, they have an alimentary canal (all our characteristics) - The Heartworms that can accumulate within the heart of dogs and other mammals have pseudocoelom, an alimentary canal, and an outer covering that is occasionally shed. To which phylum does the heartworm belong? Nematoda - While snorkeling, a student observes, an active marine animal that has a series of muscular tentacles bearing suckers associated with its head. Segmentation is not observed, but a pair of large, well developed eyes is evident. The student is observing an animal belonging to which class? Cephalopoda - Phylum Mollusca- organisms in this phylum include the invasive apple snail and zebra mussels - Phylum Nematoda- the eye worm Loa loa belongs to this phylum - Cestoda- tapeworms that commonly infecting intestines of humans are from this class - Phylum Cnidaria- Box jellyfish like those that are found of the Australian coast are from this phylum - Phylum porifera- Organisms in this Phylum are considered the basal lineage of all animals and are asymmetrical - Phylum Annelida- you return from your tropical vacation and encounter a worm like animal attached to your skin that has many segments. Likely it’s from this phylum - Phylum nematoda- you sign up for a research lab working on a developmental biology problem. Your instructor mentions you will be working with a common model organism worm. It is likely of this phylum. - Rotifers- a common pond water organism belongs to this group of animals - Radula- This structure is used by some mollusks to scrape off food in its environment. It is called a - Monecious- This term that refers to animals that have both sexes in one organism. Exam 3 - Chordates include the fish, birds, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and echinoderms- False - All chordates are deuterostomes and are closely related to echinoderms and hemichordates. True - Due to the division of body cavities chordates are pseudocoelomates. False - The five major chordate characteristics are usually present in embryonic and larval stages but not in adults. False - Pharyngeal slits in aquatic chordates are typically used as filter feeding devices. True - The three major subphyla of chordates are Urochordata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata. True - Tunicates are early chordates that have a very pronounced notochord during their larval stage and a reduced notochord as a sessile adult. True - The notochord in vertebrates like humans become the intervertebral disks of the spine. True - Amphioxus is the closest living relative of the vertebrates because it shares several characteristics with vertebrates the Urochordates do not possess.True - The development of the eye in Amphioxus is key to the development of varied vision in vertebrates. False - Entire genome duplications gave rise to complex organ systems and structural variation in vertebrates. True - Homeobox genes or HOX genes are gene sets that control body plan development. True - Organisms in the class Myxini are known as the hagfish and have a unique slime defense mechanism. True - Organisms in the class Petromyzontida are known as the lampreys and can make their way onto land to feed on the blood of mammals. False - Both classes Myxini and Petromyzontida are the earliest extant fish with jaws. False - Which of the following is not a shared characteristic of all chordates? Four-chambered heart - What is one characteristic that separates chordates from all other animals? Dorsal, hollow nerve cord - Pharyngeal slits appear to have functioned first as. Suspension-feeding devices - In which extant class did jaws occur earliest? Chondrichthyes - All of these might have been observed in the common ancestor of chondrichthyans and osteichthyans, except. Lungs - What is a distinctive feature of the chondrichthyans? A cartilaginous skeleton - Which group’s members have both lungs and gills during their adult lives? Lungfishes - Which are the most abundant and diverse of the extant vertebrates? Bony fishes - The bony fishes are characterized by? A bony endoskeleton, operculum, and usually a swim bladder - What is true of echinoderms? They have an endoskeleton of hard calcareous plates and tube feet provide motility in most species ( only A and B are true) - Which of the following is not a characteristic of echinoderms. Bones - Viviparous- giving birth to live young that develop in the body - Ovoviviparous- animal producing eggs that hatch in the body - Oviparous- egg laying animal that hatch outside the body - Gnanthosomes- First jawed fishes - Hagfish- jawless fish - Osteichthyes- bony fish - Chondrichthyes- cartilaginous fish - Sacroterigii- Lobbed fin fishes - Actinoterigii- ray finned fishes - Lungfish- breathe atmospheric oxygen - All of the following are characteristics of most extant reptiles, except. Vivipary - The following are all examples of amphibians except… newts, salamanders, toads, frogs(All are examples of Amphibians) - The following are all examples of reptiles except. Rio Grande Siren Salamander  - What is the single unique characteristic that distinguishes extant birds from other extant animals? Feathers - Which of these is not considered an amniote? Amphibians - Examination of the fossils of Archaeopteryx reveals that, in common with extant birds, it had. Feathers - What permits reptiles to thrive in arid environments? Their scales contain the protein keratin, which helps prevent dehydration - Why are amphibians dependent on water to complete their life cycle? Their eggs are not protected from desiccation like those of reptiles. - Horseshoe Crabs- Class Merostomata - Mantis Shrimp- Class Crustacea - Desert Bark Scorpion- Centuroides vittatus- Class Arachnida - Texas giant centipede- Class Chilopoda - Giant Millipede- Class Diplopoda - Metallic sweat bee- Class insecta - Praying Mantids belong to the order- Mantodea - Honey Bees belong to the order- Hymenoptera - Giant hissing cockroaches belong to the order- Blattodea - Monarch butterflies belong to the order- Lepidoptera Birds- Archaeopteryx - Order Gaviiformes (Loons) - Specialized for swimming and diving - come ashore only to breed - In flight, head lower than body, Wingbeats fast - Eat fish, crustaceans, some water plants - Order Falconiformes (Eagles, Hawks, Falcons, Vultures) - Diurnal birds of prey - Strong beaks and talons -Animals in order: Turkey vulture, Black Vulture, Mississippi kite, Swallow-tailed kit, Cooper’s hawk, Sharp-shinned hawk, northern harrier, Red-tailed hawk, Red-Shouldered hawk, Golden eagle, Bald Eagle, Osprey, American Kestrel Peregrine falcon - Order Ciconiiformes (Herons and their allies) - Wading birds with long legs, neck and bill - Feed on aquatic animal life in shallow water. - have long plumes in breeding season - wings broad and rounded, tail short -Animals in order- Great blue heron, Great egret, Snowy egret, Cattle egret, Little blue heron, Louisiana heron, Green heron, White ibis, Wood stork, - Order Columbiformes (Pigeons and Doves) - Small-headed, short-legged, swift-flying birds with pointed wings and fanned or tapered tails. - All coo, bob heads when walking - Eat grains, small seeds, acorns and fruit Animals in order- Mourning dove, Rock dove,  - Order Apodiformes (Swifts and Hummingbirds) - Animals in this order: Ruby-throated hummingbird Mammals - Proboscidea (Elephants) - Long, muscular trunk; thick, loose skin; upper incisors elongated as tusks - Lagomorpha (Rabbits, hares, picas) - Chisel-like incisors; hind legs longer than forelegs and adapted for running and jumping; herbivorous - Cetartiodactyla - Artiodactyls (Sheep, pigs, cattle, deer, giraffes) - Hooves with an even number if toes on each foot; herbivores - Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, porpoises) - Aquatic; streamlined body; paddle-like forelimbs and no hind limbs; thick layer of insulating blubber; carnivorous - Rodentia (Squirrels, beavers, rats, porcupines, mice) - chisel-like, continuously growing incisors worn down by gnawing; herbivorous - Primates (Lemurs,monkeys, chimpanzees, gorillas, humans) - Opposable thumbs; forward-facing eyes; well-developed cerebral cortex; omnivorous - Chiroptera (Bats) - Adapted for flight; broad skinfold that extends from elongated fingers to body and legs; carnivorous or herbivorous - Infraclass Eutharia (placentia)- placenta animals