Biochemistry Notes PDF

2 The Chemistry of Living Things  2.3 BIOCHEMISTRY  2.3 Objectives Relate the unique properties of water to its importance for living things. Define organic compound. Distinguish organic compounds from other kinds of compounds.  2.3 Objectives Compare the structures and...

2 The Chemistry of Living Things  2.3 BIOCHEMISTRY  2.3 Objectives Relate the unique properties of water to its importance for living things. Define organic compound. Distinguish organic compounds from other kinds of compounds.  2.3 Objectives Compare the structures and functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. ESSENTIAL QUESTION ? Why can you survive longer without food than without water?  Why do you think that the lizard was able to walk on water? ? Do all liquids have a strong surface tension? Do you think that the basilisk could walk on other liquid surfaces? Why or why not? Cohesion and Adhesion Cohesion Adhesion the attraction of the attraction of water molecules to other substances each other besides water in a process Cohesion and Adhesion Polarity Why does ice float in your drink? Do most other substances act like this? Explain your answer. Think about states of matter. What is normally true about the density of different states? Why Does Ice Float in Water? Organic Compounds Can you tell whether this food is organic? Explain your answer. What does organic mean when we talk about food? Does organic mean the same thing in science that it does in the grocery store?  organic compounds a covalently bonded compound containing the element carbon Biomolecules Many of the things listed on nutrition labels are known as biomolecules—molec ules that are found in and make up living things. Carbohydrates Food Elements Function Examples Sources Carbon Provide Glucose Breads Hydrogen energy Fructose Fruits Oxygen Sucrose Starch Sugar Vegetables Lipids Food Elements Function Examples Sources Carbon Store Fats Butter Hydrogen energy Oils Nuts Oxygen Oil Proteins Food Elements Function Examples Sources Carbon Build Enzymes Beans Hydrogen muscles, Hemoglobin Eggs Oxygen hair, blood, Meat Nitrogen skin Poultry Seafood Nucleotides Elements Function Examples Carbon Contain DNA Hydrogen genetic RNA Oxygen information Nitrogen Phosphorus Biomolecules What similarities do you see in these biomolecules? What would happen if you changed the structure or shape of a biomolecule? Would it still function properly? What do you think this tells us about how God designed living things?  ESSENTIAL QUESTION Why can you survive longer without food than without water? ? Water is essential for living things. In addition to forming a large portion of our body mass, it also keeps our cells hydrated and functional.