BIO 1 LESSON 2 BACTERIA- ANIMAL- PLANT CELL PDF

Disclaimer This material is exclusively intended for informational and educational purposes only. Contents, opinions and points of view expressed in this material represent the view of the author and those of the participants individually. Adhering to the principles of fair use , this material is...

Disclaimer This material is exclusively intended for informational and educational purposes only. Contents, opinions and points of view expressed in this material represent the view of the author and those of the participants individually. Adhering to the principles of fair use , this material is non-commercial and is regulated to protect privacy and secure confidentialities. GENERAL BIOLOGY 1: LESSON 2: Cell Types (Bacteria) Masayang Buhay! Good Morning SUBJECT TEACHER PERSONAL PRAYER “The answer to our fears is faith, fear- shrinking faith—in our God” — Jani Ortlund RS Attendance Checking GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell Types: Bacteria Week 2: Defining Terminologies Concepts Lesson 2:Cell Types Examples (Bacteria) Real-life Scenarios Prokaryotic Cell Anatomy & DEPED BIO 1 MET 2 Physiology BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell Types: Bacteria MET 2: 1. Recognize the fundamental cell parts and its function. BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Animal & Plant Cell LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students are expected to: ⮚ recognize the different organelles of bacteria, animal, & plant cell; ⮚ differentiate bacteria, animal, and plant cell in terms of anatomy and physiology; and ⮚ construct an edible 3D cell model. BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell Types: Bacteria Week 2: Defining Terminologies Concepts Lesson 2:Cell Types Examples (Bacteria) Real-life Scenarios Prokaryotic Cell Anatomy & DEPED BIO 1 MET 2 Physiology Defining Terminologies Prokaryotic Cells ⮚ are single-cell organisms that do not have a nucleus or organelles. ⮚ The DNA within the cell is found floating in the center of the prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are the cells that do not have a true nucleus and ⮚ Examples of prokaryotic cells are membrane-bound organelles. bacteria and archaea. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.nature.com Defining Terminologies Prokaryotic Cells ⮚ Prokaryotic cells are single-celled microorganisms known to be the earliest on earth. ⮚ Prokaryotes include Bacteria and Archaea. Cyanobacteria are aquatic and ⮚ The photosynthetic prokaryotes include photosynthetic, that is, they live in the cyanobacteria that perform photosynthesis. water, and can manufacture their own food. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Prokaryotic Cells ⮚ A prokaryotic cell consists of a single membrane and therefore, all the reactions occur within the cytoplasm. ⮚ They can be free-living or parasites. ⮚ Their genetic material is present in a Cyanobacteria are aquatic and region in the cytoplasm known as the photosynthetic, that is, they live in the nucleoid. water, and can manufacture their own food. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cell  They lack a nuclear membrane.  Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, chloroplast, and lysosomes are absent.  The genetic material is present on a single chromosome. Cyanobacteria are aquatic and  The cell wall is made up of photosynthetic, that is, they live in the carbohydrates and amino acids. water, and can manufacture their own food. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cell  They divide asexually by binary fission.  The sexual mode of reproduction involves conjugation.  Conjugation is the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cell  They may be spherical, rod-shaped, or spiral.  The three basic shapes of bacteria are bacillus (rod-shaped), coccus (spherical-shaped), and spirillum (spiral- shaped). Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell  Capsule – It is an outer protective covering found in the bacterial cells, in addition to the cell wall.  It helps in moisture retention, protects the cell when engulfed, and helps in the attachment of cells to nutrients and surfaces. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell  Cell Wall – It is the outermost layer of the cell which gives shape to the cell.  Cytoplasm– The cytoplasm is mainly composed of enzymes, salts, cell organelles and is a gel-like component. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell  Cell Membrane – This layer surrounds the cytoplasm and regulates the entry and exit of substances in the cells.  Pili– These are hair-like outgrowths that attach to the surface of other bacterial cells. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell  Flagella– These are long structures in the form of a whip, that help in the locomotion of a cell.  Ribosomes – These are involved in protein synthesis.  Plasmids– Plasmids are non- chromosomal DNA structures. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell  Nucleoid Region – It is the region in the cytoplasm where the genetic material is present.  A prokaryotic cell lacks certain organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi bodies. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell  Nucleoid Region – It is the region in the cytoplasm where the genetic material is present.  A prokaryotic cell lacks certain organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi bodies. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Reproduction in Prokaryotes  A prokaryote reproduces in two ways:  Asexually by binary fission  Sexually by conjugation Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Binary Fission  The DNA of an organism replicates and the new copies attach to the cell membrane.  The cell wall starts increasing in size and starts moving inwards.  A cell wall is then formed between each DNA, dividing the cell into two daughter cells. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies Recombination  In this process, genes from one bacteria are transferred to the genome of other bacteria.  It takes place in three ways  Conjugation  Transformation  Transduction Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies TRANSDUCTION  Transduction is the process by which a virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to another.  Viruses called bacteriophages are able to infect bacterial cells and use them as hosts to make more viruses. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com Defining Terminologies TRANSFORMATION  Bacterial transformation is a process in which foreign DNA is introduced into bacterial cells, resulting in the acquisition of new genetic traits. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.biotech.com BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell Types: Bacteria Week 2: Defining Terminologies Concepts Lesson 2:Cell Types Examples (Bacteria) Real-life Scenarios Prokaryotic Cell Anatomy & DEPED BIO 1 MET 2 Physiology