Basic ICT Skills PDF

Basic ICT Skills Information and communication technology, or ICT, is the field that deals with using electronic devices like computers, smartphones, iPads, etc. Information technology refers to the processes of gathering, controlling, storing, and transferring data. It encompasses all available i...

Basic ICT Skills Information and communication technology, or ICT, is the field that deals with using electronic devices like computers, smartphones, iPads, etc. Information technology refers to the processes of gathering, controlling, storing, and transferring data. It encompasses all available information management technologies. Using ICT tools can lead to higher order thinking skills provide creative and individualized options for students to express their understandings Students are better prepared to deal with ongoing technological change in society and the workplace. Some of the advantages of ICT in education are: Complex topics can be easily explained to the students with the help of pictures, videos, presentations, etc. Images and videos used for teaching improves the retention memory of the students. Presentations can make the lessons interesting. Practical demonstration can be given to the students. If the teaching process in the class is interactive, it will make the lesson more enjoyable. An e-learning program allows students to learn at their own pace, at any convenient time, and from any place. ICT in different sectors ICT in Healthcare ICT plays an important role in healthcare. Some of the uses of ICT in health care are: Through the right communication media, a doctor can easily deliver treatment and care to the patient who is located far away. Doctor can also continuously monitor the patient’s history, diagnostic report, and track the current health condition. The Doctor can also interact with patient, recommend to take medical examination and prescribe medicine. Using the ICT tool or a suitable communication system, government can make efforts to create awareness among the public about the communicable diseases, prevention measures and various current diagnostic & etc. ICT in healthcare research helps to find the possible prevention measures to eradicate and reduce the spread of diseases. Through ICT, the traditional healthcare systems can be eliminated and new models can be formed for effective quality care. Hospitals can use different electronic media to store medical data. This helps to retrieve the information easily. This data can be transferred to the patient or to the Doctors for consultation. Computer based machines are used for MRI, CT-scan, ultrasound are done in hospitals, diagnostic centres, to diagnose the diseases. Life support systems are provided to the patients You can search information on any disease, medicines, etc. on the internet. ICT in Governance ICT in governance can be help: Deliver government services efficiently E-governance sites enable people to perform various tasks such as filling a form, applying for passport, paying bills, property tax, etc. even sitting at home. ICT in Business ICT in business can be used for the following purposes: Keep records of the stock Prepare accounts and balance sheets Maintain database of staff and customers E-commerce enables people to buy and sell products online. This service is available 24 x 7. E-banking facility helps to make banking transactions at any time of the day. Impact of ICT on society ICT has divided the society into two groups: 1. Persons who can do their personal and professional work efficiently. They are efficient in using services like, e-banking, e-learning, e-governance sites, etc. 2. People who do not have access to a computer and internet. They also do not have knowledge to use facilities available on the internet. ICT in our daily life ICT has a great impact in our daily life. Some of the uses of ICT in our daily life are given below: We can read newspapers online. We can get connected with our friends, relatives or even family members far away from us using email, messenger, video conferencing etc. With the introduction of video conferencing, business meetings are now easier. Nowadays people use mobile phone apps to meet and connect with new and old friends. Social networks like Facebook.com have played a big role in connecting both old and new relationships. We can access a full library of educational material via a mobile app or website on any smartphone or iPad. Technology has also made the buying and selling of goods and services flexible and a lot safer. Most banks now offer online banking facilities. People make use of this service daily to manage their finances. Most businesses use online banking facility to pay employees and transfer money. ICT Tools Mobile The simplest and most convenient form of communication is via a mobile phone. It is portable, lightweight, and tiny in size. You can always and everywhere keep in touch with your friends and family. Tablets Small personal computers with a touch screen are called tablets. Users of tablets can enter data and commands using a keyboard or mouse. Radio Radio is the oldest tool used to provide entertainment and information to people. You can listen to music, radio shows, etc. on radio. TV Television is another important ICT tool. You can watch music, view programs, etc. on television. Newspaper Newspaper is another most important ICT tool. News related to all the issues , national, international, sports, space, etc, are printed in newspapers. Email Email is the most common way of communication in today’s world. It is the official way of communication. Some of the advantages of using email are: You don’t have to pay anything extra for sending or receiving email. You just pay for the internet connection. You can send bulk mails The receiver may not be online when you send the email. You can send documents, presentations, images, videos, etc. as an attachment to email. When you send an email, it reaches, the receiver at any part of the world in few seconds. Interactive White Boards These boards a allow to project computer. Also handwritten notes can be taken on the board and saved for later use. E-readers E-readers are electronic devices that can hold hundreds of books in digital form. E-readers are portable, have a long battery life. Identify the Various Components of Computer System BAISC COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM A computer is an electronic device that has devices to enter data, store data and process raw facts and figures according to the given instructions and give the desired result on an output device. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE A computer system comprises of hardware and software. Computer hardware – Physical parts of a computer such as Input devices, output devices, central processing unit and storage devices are called computer hardware.  Computer software – Software are the programs or applications that run on computer. For example, MS Word, MS PowerPoint, Operating systems, etc. Computer hardware The physical components of a computer system are called hardware. A computer basically consists of following physical components: Input unit Processing unit Storage unit Auxiliary storage Output unit Input Devices Input devices are used for entering data or instructions into the computer. The Central Processing Unit The Central Processing Unit is the brain of the computer system. Functions of Central Processing Unit are: It controls the sequence of operations within the computer It gives commands to other parts of the computer It controls the use of main memory for storing data and instructions It consists of the following main units: Arithmetic and Logic unit (ALU) Control Unit (CU) Main Memory Unit Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) All the calculations and comparisons are done in this unit. The ALU performs all the following arithmetic operations: + (addition) – (subtraction) *(multiplication) /(Division) ^(Exponent) The ALU also performs the following logical operations: < (less than)