Basic Concepts in Carpentry PDF

**Basic Concepts in Carpentry** **CARPENTRY** -carpentry, is the art and trade of cutting, working with wood and joining timber. **CARPENTRY TOOLS** Are tools used to shape, join and manipulate wood into functional and aesthetically structures. Pleasing **PULL-PUSH RULE** A tape measure or mea...

**Basic Concepts in Carpentry** **CARPENTRY** -carpentry, is the art and trade of cutting, working with wood and joining timber. **CARPENTRY TOOLS** Are tools used to shape, join and manipulate wood into functional and aesthetically structures. Pleasing **PULL-PUSH RULE** A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible ruler. **PLUMB-BOВ** -is a weight, usually with a pointed tip on the bottom, suspended from a string and used as vertical reference line, or plumb line. **CARPENTRY PENCIL** -Used in drawing lines in the setting out the shapes of parts of the job. **BAR LEVEL** A level indicates the horizontal plane. **TRY SQUARE** It is used for testing the squareness of material and enabling lines to be marked ar right angles (90°) and angle up to 45 degrees or measure up to six inches. **CHALK LINE** Is a tool for marking long, straight lines on relatively flat surfaces, much farther than is practical by hand with straightedges. **STEEL RULE** Also known as a straightedges or ruler, is a fundamental measuring tool used in various fields, including carpentry, drafting, and manufacturing. **PLANE** In the context carpentry, is a tool used of hand for smoothing and shaping wood surfaces. **CHISEL** - Is a hand tool with a sharp, beveled edge at one end, used for cutting, shaping, and carving various materials, most commonly wood, stone, and metal. **BENCH CHISEL** -is a versatile hand tool used for variety of woodworking takes, including cutting, paring, trimming and joinery. **MALLET** Used for driving chisel handle as well as assisting in assembling jobs. **CROSS CUT SAW** As its name implies cut across the grain of wood. **HAMMER** One of the most commonly used woodworking tools. **CARPENTRY MATERIALS** Are essential components used in the construction of wooden structures. **LUMBER** Is a type of wood that has been processed into beams and plan a stage in the process of wood production. **NAILS** It is a small object made of metal which is used as fast fixer. **SCREW** It is a type of fastener. **OVERVIEW OF BASIC CARPENTRY TECHNIQUES** is the craft of cutting, shaping, and assembling wood to create structures and objects. **Milling** Milling is the process of taking rough lumber and making it into geometrically precise blocks. **Jointing & Planing** Jointing is the process of flattening one face and one edge as part of the milling process. Planing is a technique used to smooth and remove excess material from wooden surfaces. **Drilling & Boring** The drilling process creates a hole in the wood, while the boring process removes material to enlarge a pre-existing hole. **Scrollwork** Scrollwork is a process that uses a scroll saw to create ornamental designs in wood. **Shaping & molding** Shaping is the technique of carving wood into non-rectangular shapes. Molding is a strip of solid wood with various decorative profiles used to cover transitions between surfaces **Latheturning** Woodturning is the art of shaping wood into cylindrical shapes on the lathe **Veneering & Lamination** Veneering is the art of decorating a solid piece of wood by gluing thin slices of wood to the surface **Sanding & filling** Sanding is the finishing technique to smooth the surface of the wood using sandpaper, often applied in a sequence of grits. Filing is the process of shaping wood to remove rough spots and shave wood in hard- to-reach angels. **Finishing** Most types of wood will easily pick up scratches, dings, and dirt, and oil and liquids will always leave marks. **SAFETY PRACTICES IN CARPENTRY** Involves working with sharp tools and heavy materials, making safety a paramount count. 1. You should put your safety glasses on when you enter the woodshop and keep them on until you leave 2. - Avoid loose-fitting clothing and dangling jewelry as it could become tangled in a saw blade or cutting head 3. -Hobby woodworkers should avoid using drugs and alcohol while working on their project as they are using dangerous tools. 4. -Always disconnect the power from a power tool before changing a bit or blade. 5. -Try using one extension cord for all 110-volt power tools in the shop. 6. Check the stock for metal pieces such as nails or screws and remove them before cutting. 7.Work Against the Cutter Always ensure that the router bit or saw blade is cutting against the motion of the wood and not in the same direction. 8. **Do Not Reach Over a Blade to Remove Cut-Offs** - Never put your hands in front of or near a moving blade; be particularly cautious when removing waste or cut-offs 9. **Avoid Distraction** -When you work in a woodshop you are surrounded by potentially dangerous tools so it is important to focus on your task and avoid distractions such as conversation **Conclusion**: -Carpentry is a craft that involves working with wood to create various structures and objects. While the specific techniques and tools used can vary, there are some fundamental concepts that apply to all carpentry work.