bacteriology-table.docx

**[3Bacteriology]** +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | **Pathoge | **Distinc | **Infecti | **Distinc | **Mode of | **Control | | n** | t | on** | t | Transmiss | , | | | Character | | Signs and | ion**...

**[3Bacteriology]** +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | **Pathoge | **Distinc | **Infecti | **Distinc | **Mode of | **Control | | n** | t | on** | t | Transmiss | , | | | Character | | Signs and | ion** | Preventio | | | istics** | | Symptoms* | | n | | | | | * | | and | | | | | | | Managemen | | | | | | | t** | +===========+===========+===========+===========+===========+===========+ | 1. *Stap | - G (+) | Skin | - Absce | Usually | Hygiene, | | hylococcu | | infection | ss | not | boost | | s | - Cocci | s | with | communica | immune | | aureu | in | | pus | ble | response | | s* | grape | 1. Sty, | | | | | | -like | Boils | - Crust | | | | | clust | , | y | | | | | er | furun | skin | | | | | | cles, | lesio | | | | | - N | carbu | n | | | | | flora | ncles | | | | | | of | | - Eryth | | | | | the | 2. Impet | ema, | | | | | skin | igo | Nikol | | | | | | | sky | | | | | - Catal | 3. Scald | sign, | | | | | ase | ed | desqu | | | | | posit | skin | amation | | | | | ive | syndr | | | | | | | ome | | | | | | - Produ | | | | | | | ce | | | | | | | yello | | | | | | | w | | | | | | | colon | | | | | | | ies | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - MRSA, | | | | | | | VRSA | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 2. | | Toxic | Fever, | Usually | Hygiene | | | | shock | vomiting, | not | | | | | syndrome | diarrhea, | communica | | | | | | hypotensi | ble | | | | | | on, | | | | | | | rash, | | | | | | | multiple | | | | | | | organ | | | | | | | system | | | | | | | involveme | | | | | | | nt | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 3. | | Gastroent | nausea, | Ingestion | Hygiene, | | | | eritis | vomiting, | | sanitatio | | | | | diarrhea, | Oral-feca | n | | | | | no fever | l | | | | | | | route | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 4. *Stre | - G(+) | Pharyngit | - Strep | Usually | Hygiene, | | ptococcus | cocci | is | throa | not | sanitatio | | pyoge | | or | t | communica | n, | | nes* | - In | pharyngot | | ble | boost | | | chain | onsilitis | - Scarl | | immune | | | s | | et | | response | | | | | fever | | | | | - N | | | | | | | flora | | - Can | | | | | | | lead | | | | | - Encap | | to | | | | | sulated | | rheum | | | | | | | atic | | | | | - Class | | fever | | | | | ification | | or | | | | | : | | glume | | | | | | | rulonephr | | | | | Hemolysis | | itis | | | | | (α, β, Ɣ) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Lancefiel | | | | | | | d/serolog | | | | | | | ical | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 5. | | Impetigo/ | - vesic | Usually | Hygiene, | | | | pyoderma | les, | not | sanitatio | | | | | pustu | communica | n, | | | | | les | ble | boost | | | | | | | immune | | | | | - lymph | | response | | | | | adenopath | | | | | | | y | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 6. | | erysipela | - Fiery | Usually | Hygiene, | | | | s | red, | not | sanitatio | | | | (St. | advan | communica | n, | | | | Anthony's | cing | ble | boost | | | | fire) | eryth | | immune | | | | | ema | | response | | | | | on | | | | | | | face | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | limbs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lymph | | | | | | | adenopath | | | | | | | y | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | syste | | | | | | | mic | | | | | | | infec | | | | | | | tion | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 7. | | Puerperal | Septicemi | Usually | Surgical | | | | sepsis | a | not | asepsis | | | | | -- during | communica | | | | | | childbirt | ble | | | | | | h | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 8. *Stre | - - - | Pneumonia | fever, | Respirato | PPE, | | ptococcus | | | chills, | ry | isolation | | pneum | | | sharp | droplet, | , | | oniae* | | | pleural | usually | boost | | | | | pain, | among | immune | | | | | blood or | immunocom | response | | | | | rusty | promised | | | | | | alveolar | hosts | | | | | | exudate | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 9. *Baci | - G(+) | inhalatio | - media | Inhalatio | - dispo | | llus | bacil | n | stinitis, | n | sal | | anthr | li | anthrax | sepsi | of spores | of | | acis* | | | s, | | anima | | | - Spore | | menin | | l | | | foming | | gitis, | | carca | | | | | hemor | | sses | | | - Aerob | | rhagic | | by | | | ic | | pulmo | | burni | | | | | nary | | ng | | | - Cut-g | | edema | | or by | | | lass | | , | | deep | | | appea | | pneum | | buria | | | rance | | onia | | l | | | | | | | | | | - Centr | | Rapid | | - decon | | | al | | ly | | taminatio | | | endos | | fatal | | n | | | pores | | | | of | | | | | | | anima | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | produ | | | | | | | cts | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - prote | | | | | | | ctive | | | | | | | cloth | | | | | | | ing | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | glove | | | | | | | s | | | | | | | for | | | | | | | handl | | | | | | | ing | | | | | | | infec | | | | | | | ted | | | | | | | mater | | | | | | | ials | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - activ | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | immun | | | | | | | ization | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | domes | | | | | | | tic | | | | | | | anima | | | | | | | ls | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 10. | | gastroint | abdominal | Ingestion | | | | | estinal | pain, | of spores | | | | | anthrax | vomiting, | | | | | | | bloody | | | | | | | diarrhea | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 11. | | skin | necrotic | Entry of | | | | | anthrax | ulcer | spores in | | | | | | which | open | | | | | | dissemina | wound | | | | | | tes | | | | | | | into | | | | | | | blood | | | | | | | stream | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 12. *Baci | | Food | emetic | Ingestion | Food | | llus | | poisoning | type - | of spores | sanitatio | | cereu | | | associate | | n | | s* | | | d | | | | | | | with | | | | | | | rice; | | | | | | | incubatio | | | | | | | n | | | | | | | period: | | | | | | | 1-6 hrs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | diarrheal | | | | | | | type - | | | | | | | associate | | | | | | | d | | | | | | | with | | | | | | | meat; | | | | | | | incubatio | | | | | | | n | | | | | | | period: | | | | | | | 1-24 hrs | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 13. *Clos | - G(+) | - Class | S/S: dry | Ingestion | Food | | tridium | bacil | ical | mouth, | of | sanitatio | | botul | li | or | blurred | contamina | n | | inum* | | food- | vision | ted | | | | - Spore | borne | with | food, | | | | foming | -- | dilated | entry of | | | | | assoc | pupils, | spores in | | | | - Oblig | iated | constipat | an open | | | | ate | with | ion, | wound | | | | anaer | canne | abdominal | | | | | obe | d | pain, | | | | | | food | flaccid | | | | | - Drums | or | paralysis | | | | | tick | smoke | , | | | | | bacil | d | respirato | | | | | lus | fish | ry | | | | | | | paralysis | | | | | | - Infan | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | botul | | | | | | | ism | | | | | | | flacc | | | | | | | id | | | | | | | paral | | | | | | | ysis, | | | | | | | flopp | | | | | | | y | | | | | | | baby | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Associate | | | | | | | d | | | | | | | with | | | | | | | sudden | | | | | | | infant | | | | | | | death | | | | | | | (SIDS)/ | | | | | | | crib | | | | | | | death | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wound | | | | | | | botul | | | | | | | ism | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 14. *Clos | | tetanus | - muscu | Entry of | active | | tridium | | | lar | spores in | immunizat | | tetan | | | spasm | an open | ion | | i* | | | s, | wound | with | | | | | first | | toxoids | | | | | area | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | infec | | | | | | | tion | | | | | | | are | | | | | | | the | | | | | | | muscl | | | | | | | es | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | the | | | | | | | jaw | | | | | | | (mass | | | | | | | eter) | | | | | | | -- | | | | | | | trism | | | | | | | us/lockja | | | | | | | w) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Risus | | | | | | | sardo | | | | | | | nicus | | | | | | | -- | | | | | | | sardo | | | | | | | nic | | | | | | | smile | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Opist | | | | | | | hotonus | | | | | | | -- | | | | | | | persi | | | | | | | stent | | | | | | | spasm | | | | | | | s | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | neck | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | back | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyper | | | | | | | reflexia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Seizu | | | | | | | res | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tetanus | | | | | | | neonatoru | | | | | | | m | | | | | | | -- in | | | | | | | newborns | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 15. *Clos | | Gas | S/S: | Entry of | - surgi | | tridium | | gangrene | foul-smel | spores in | cal | | perfr | | | ling | an open | debri | | ingens* | | | discharge | wound | dement | | | | | , | | | | | | | necrosis, | | - antit | | | | | fever, | | oxins | | | | | hemolysis | | | | | | | , | | | | | | | toxemia, | | | | | | | shock, | | | | | | | and death | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 16. | | Food | diarrhea | Ingestion | Food | | | | poisoning | | of spores | sanitatio | | | | | | | n | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 17. *Clos | | Pseudomem | plaques | Ingestion | Food | | tridium | | brane | and | of spores | sanitatio | | diffi | | colitis | microabsc | | n | | cile* | | | esses | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 18. *Prop | - G(+) | pimple | | Non-commu | | | ionibacte | bacil | | | nicable | | | rium | li | | | | | | acnes | | | | | | | * | - N | | | | | | | flora | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | the | | | | | | | skin | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Non-s | | | | | | | poreformi | | | | | | | ng | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 19. *Cory | - G(+) | Diphtheri | - forma | Respirato | Vaccinati | | nebacteri | bacil | a | tion | ry | on | | um | li | | of | droplet | | | dipht | | | adher | | | | heriae* | - Non-s | | ent | | | | | poreformi | | pseud | | | | | ng | | omembrane | | | | | | | in | | | | | - club- | | tonsi | | | | | shaped | | ls | | | | | appea | | and | | | | | rance) | | throa | | | | | | | t | | | | | - Has | | | | | | | metac | | - Exten | | | | | hromatic | | sion | | | | | granu | | of | | | | | les | | pseud | | | | | (bead | | omembrane | | | | | ed | | into | | | | | appea | | the | | | | | rance) | | laryn | | | | | | | x | | | | | - Pleom | | and | | | | | orphic | | trach | | | | | --Chi | | ea | | | | | nese | | leads | | | | | chara | | to | | | | | cter | | airwa | | | | | appea | | y | | | | | rance | | obstr | | | | | (L or | | uction | | | | | V | | manif | | | | | shape | | esting | | | | | d) | | as | | | | | | | dyspn | | | | | | | ea | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Necrotic | | | | | | | epitheliu | | | | | | | m, | | | | | | | plus | | | | | | | fibrin, | | | | | | | RBCs and | | | | | | | WBCs | | | | | | | produces | | | | | | | a grayish | | | | | | | \"pseudom | | | | | | | embrane\" | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 20. *List | - Gram | Listerios | S/S: | Ingestion | Food | | eria | posit | is | fever, | of | sanitatio | | monoc | ive | | intense | contamina | n | | ytogenes* | | | headache, | ted | | | | - Non-s | | nausea, | food | | | | pore | | vomiting, | | | | | formi | | delirium, | Usually | | | | ng | | coma, | in | | | | | | shock, | pregnant | | | | - Cold | | death | women, | | | | lovin | | | newborns, | | | | g | | \- | immunocom | | | | | | Granuloma | promised | | | | - Tumbl | | tosis | individua | | | | ing | | infantise | ls | | | | end-o | | ptica | | | | | ver-end | | -- | | | | | motil | | granuloma | | | | | ity | | and | | | | | | | abscess | | | | | | | formation | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | several | | | | | | | organs | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 21. *Esch | - Gram | Enterotox | Oral-feca | Hygiene, | | | erichia | negat | igenic | l | food | | | coli* | ive | E. coli | route | sanitatio | | | | rods | (ETEC) - | | n | | | | | cause | | | | | | - Colif | traveller | | | | | | orms - | 's | | | | | | Norma | diarrhea | | | | | | l | which is | | | | | | flora | usually | | | | | | of | self-limi | | | | | | the | ting | | | | | | GIT | | | | | | | of | Enterohem | | | | | | human | orrhagic | | | | | | s | E. coli | | | | | | and | (EHEC) - | | | | | | anima | hemolytic | | | | | | ls | uremic | | | | | | | syndrome | | | | | | - Has | -- renal | | | | | | fimbr | failure, | | | | | | iae | hemolytic | | | | | | | anemia, | | | | | | - Has | thrombocy | | | | | | pili | topenia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Enteropat | | | | | | | hogenic | | | | | | | E. coli | | | | | | | (EPEC) -- | | | | | | | usually | | | | | | | cause | | | | | | | diarrhea | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | infants, | | | | | | | esp on | | | | | | | poorly | | | | | | | sanitized | | | | | | | areas; | | | | | | | causes | | | | | | | watery | | | | | | | diarrhea | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Enteroadh | | | | | | | erent | | | | | | | E. coli | | | | | | | (EAEC) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cause | | | | | | | acute and | | | | | | | chronic | | | | | | | diarrhea | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Produces | | | | | | | ST-like | | | | | | | toxin and | | | | | | | hemolysin | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Causes | | | | | | | food-born | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | illness | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | industria | | | | | | | lized | | | | | | | countries | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Enteroinv | | | | | | | asive | | | | | | | E. coli | | | | | | | (EIEC) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cause | | | | | | | dysentery | | | | | | | -like | | | | | | | symptoms | | | | | | | character | | | | | | | ized | | | | | | | by bloody | | | | | | | dirrhea, | | | | | | | malaise, | | | | | | | headache, | | | | | | | high | | | | | | | fever, | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | abdominal | | | | | | | pain | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Causes | | | | | | | UTI and | | | | | | | meningiti | | | | | | | s | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | newborns | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 22. | | Extrainte | Non-commu | Hygiene, | | | | | stinal | nicable | food | | | | | diseases | | sanitatio | | | | | | | n | | | | | urinary | | | | | | | tract | | | | | | | infection | | | | | | | | | | | | | | S/S: | | | | | | | urinary | | | | | | | frequency | | | | | | | , | | | | | | | dysuria, | | | | | | | hematuria | | | | | | | , | | | | | | | pyuria | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Neonatal | | | | | | | meningiti | | | | | | | s | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Nosocomia | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | infection | | | | | | | s | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 23. *Salm | - Enter | Typhoid | fever, | Oral-feca | Hygiene, | | onella | obacteria | fever | sweats, | l | food | | typhi | ceae | | headache, | route | sanitatio | | * | | | anorexia, | | n | | | - Motil | | weakness, | | | | | e | | sore | | | | | with | | throat, | | | | | | | cough, | | | | | peritrich | | myalgia, | | | | | ous | | rose | | | | | flagella | | spots, | | | | | | | bradycard | | | | | - Encap | | ia, | | | | | sulated | | constipat | | | | | | | ion | | | | | - Assoc | | | | | | | iated | | | | | | | with | | | | | | | egg | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | poult | | | | | | | ry | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 24. *Shig | - Famil | Shigellos | - abdom | - Highl | Hygiene, | | ella | y | is | inal | y | food | | dysen | Enter | | pain, | commu | sanitatio | | teriae* | obacteria | | fever | nicable | n | | | ceae | | , | | | | | | | water | - Shige | | | | - Low | | y | lla | | | | infec | | diarr | is | | | | tious | | hea, | trans | | | | dose | | bleed | mitted | | | | | | ing | by | | | | | | and | \"foo | | | | | | ulcer | d, | | | | | | ation, | finge | | | | | | tenes | rs, | | | | | | mus | feces | | | | | | or | , | | | | | | strai | and | | | | | | ned | flies | | | | | | defec | | | | | | | ation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Complicat | | | | | | | ions: | | | | | | | perforati | | | | | | | on | | | | | | | of the | | | | | | | colon, | | | | | | | hemolytic | | | | | | | uremic | | | | | | | syndrome, | | | | | | | Ekiri | | | | | | | syndrome | | | | | | | (a type | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | encephalo | | | | | | | pathy) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carri | | | | | | | er | | | | | | | state | | | | | | | is | | | | | | | possi | | | | | | | ble | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 25. *Vibr | - G(-) | Cholera | nausea, | 4F | Hygiene, | | io | enter | | vomiting, | | sanitatio | | chole | ic | | abdominal | | n | | rae* | rod | | cramps, | | | | | | | \"rice | | fluid and | | | - Comma | | water\" | | electroly | | | -shaped | | stool | | te | | | | | (contains | | replaceme | | | - Halop | | mucus, | | nt | | | hilic | | epithelia | | | | | | | l | | | | | - Alkal | | cells and | | | | | iphile | | large | | | | | | | volume of | | | | | - Monot | | vibrios), | | | | | richous | | rapid | | | | | flage | | fluid and | | | | | lla | | electroly | | | | | | | te | | | | | | | loss (20 | | | | | | | to 30 | | | | | | | L/day) | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 26. *Vibr | \- G(-) | Acute | | ingestion | Hygiene, | | io | enteric | gastroent | | of | sanitatio | | parah | rod | eritis | | contamina | n | | aemolytic | | | | ted | | | us* | \- | - Self- | | seafood | | | | Halophili | limiting | | | | | | c | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 27. *Camp | - Gram- | Acute | crampy | Ingestion | Hygiene, | | ylobacter | negative | gastroent | abdominal | of | sanitatio | | jejun | rods | eritis | pain, | contamina | n | | i* | with | | profuse | ted | | | | comma | Self-limi | diarrhea | food and | | | | , | ting | with | water | | | | S or | | blood, | | | | | \"gul | | headache, | | | | | l-wing\" | | malaise, | | | | | shape | | and fever | | | | | s | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Motil | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | with | | | | | | | singl | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | polar | | | | | | | flage | | | | | | | llum | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Micro | | | | | | | aerophili | | | | | | | c | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Reser | | | | | | | voir: | | | | | | | fowls | | | | | | | , | | | | | | | mamma | | | | | | | ls | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 28. *Heli | Spiral-sh | Gastritis | | It is | Healthy | | cobacter | aped, | , | | present | eating | | pylor | gram-nega | ulcer | | in the | habit, | | i* | tive | | | gastric | boost | | | rod | | | mucosa of | immune | | | | | | less than | response | | | Motile | | | 20% of | | | | | | | persons | | | | Strong | | | under age | | | | producer | | | of 30 but | | | | of urease | | | increase | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | prevalenc | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | elderly | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 29. *Yers | - Non-e | Bubonic | hemorrhag | Biologica | Rodent | | inia | nteric | plague | ic | l | control | | pesti | | | and | vector - | | | s* | - G (-) | | necrotic | bite of | | | | rod | | lesions, | rat flea | | | | | | high | | | | | - Pleom | | fever, | | | | | orphic | | painful | | | | | | | lymphoade | | | | | - Micro | | nopathy, | | | | | aerophili | | enlarged | | | | | c | | tender | | | | | | | nodes in | | | | | - Zoono | | the groin | | | | | ses - | | or axilla | | | | | roden | | | | | | | ts | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 30. | | Pneumonic | Pneumonia | Airborne | | | | | plague | | | | | | | | | - Conta | | | | | | | gious | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 31. *Fran | - Gram | Tularemia | inflammat | Biologica | Avoid | | cisella | negat | -rabbit | ory, | l | reservoir | | tular | ive | fever, | ulceratin | vector | | | ensis* | non-e | deerfly | g | transmiss | | | | nteric | fever | papule, | ion | | | | | | enlarge | -- deer | | | | - pleom | | and | fly | | | | orphic | | necrotic | | | | | rod | | lymph | | | | | | | nodes, | | | | | - patho | | pneumonit | | | | | gen | | is, | | | | | of | | headache, | | | | | anima | | fever, | | | | | ls | | malaise | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 32. *Past | - Gram | *Pasteure | May cause | Bite of | Avoid | | eurella | negat | lla | pneumonia | infected | reservoir | | multo | ive | multocida | , | animal | | | cida* | non-e | *infectio | hemorrhag | e.g cats | | | | nteric | n | ic | | | | | | | septicemi | | | | | - Cocco | | a | | | | | bacilli | | | | | | | | | S/S: | | | | | - Patho | | redness, | | | | | gens | | swelling | | | | | of | | and pain | | | | | anima | | on the | | | | | ls | | bite | | | | | | | area, | | | | | | | lymphoade | | | | | | | nopathy | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 33. *Pseu | - G (-) | Nosocomia | | Usually | | | domonas | non-e | l | | non-commu | | | aerug | nteric | infection | | nicable | | | inosa* | | s | | | | | | - Prese | | | | | | | nt | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | moist | | | | | | | envir | | | | | | | onment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sapro | | | | | | | phyte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Produ | | | | | | | ces | | | | | | | sweet | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | grape | | | | | | | -like | | | | | | | odor | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Diffe | | | | | | | rent | | | | | | | varie | | | | | | | ties | | | | | | | produ | | | | | | | ces | | | | | | | pigme | | | | | | | nts: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Usual | | | | | | | ly | | | | | | | resis | | | | | | | tant | | | | | | | to | | | | | | | antib | | | | | | | iotics | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ubiqu | | | | | | | itous | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 34. *Haem | \- G(-) | **meningi | \- fever, | [- | **[vaccin | | ophilus | non-enter | tis** | headache | respirato | ation]{.u | | **[in | ic | | | ry | nderline} | | fluenzae] | | | \- | droplet | ** | | {.underli | \- | | [muscle | ]{.underl | | | ne}*** | coccoid | | and joint | ine} | **[Boost | | | [in short | | pain]{.un | | immune]{. | | | chains]{. | | derline} | | underline | | | underline | | | | }** | | | } | | [- stiff | | response | | | | | neck]{.un | | | | | \- | | derline} | | | | | [pleomorp | | | | | | | hic | | [- rash | | | | | ]{.underl | | ]{.underl | | | | | ine} | | ine} | | | | | | | | | | | | [- | | [- | | | | | encapsula | | seizure]{ | | | | | ted]{.und | |.underlin | | | | | erline} | | e} | | | | | | | | | | | | [- blood | | [- | | | | | loving]{. | | photophob | | | | | underline | | ia | | | | | } | | ]{.underl | | | | | | | ine} | | | | | \- found | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | [mucous | | | | | | | membranes | | | | | | | of the | | | | | | | upper | | | | | | | respirato | | | | | | | ry | | | | | | | tract]{.u | | | | | | | nderline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | **[*H. | | | | | | | influenza | | | | | | | e* | | | | | | | type b -- | | | | | | | most | | | | | | | virulent | | | | | | | strain]{. | | | | | | | underline | | | | | | | }** | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 35. *Haem | \- small | **chancro | - start | Sexual | Safe sex | | ophilus | gram-nega | id | s | contact | practice | | **[du | tive | (soft | with | | | | creyi]{.u | coccobaci | chancre)* | [soft | | | | nderline} | lli | * | , | | | | *** | | | painf | | | | | \- G(-) | | ul | | | | | non-enter | | papul | | | | | ic | | e]{.under | | | | | | | line} | | | | | \- | | with | | | | | pleomorph | | [eryt | | | | | ic | | hematous | | | | | | | base] | | | | | \- | | {.underli | | | | | encapsula | | ne} | | | | | ted | | which | | | | | | | [deve | | | | | \- blood | | lops | | | | | loving | | into | | | | | | | an | | | | | | | ulcer | | | | | | | ]{.underl | | | | | | | ine} | | | | | | | with | | | | | | | [ragg | | | | | | | ed | | | | | | | edges | | | | | | | ]{.underl | | | | | | | ine} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - [lymp | | | | | | | h | | | | | | | nodes | | | | | | | are | | | | | | | enlar | | | | | | | ged | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | painf | | | | | | | ul]{.unde | | | | | | | rline} | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 36. *Bord | - Gram- | whooping | - [**ca | Airborne | Vaccinati | | etella | negative | cough or | tarrhal** | transmiss | on | | pertu | cocco | **pertuss | stage | ion | | | ssis* | bacilli | is** | ]{.underl | | | | | | | ine} | | | | | - Has | | | | | | | bipol | | (mild | | | | | ar | | coughing | | | | | metac | | and | | | | | hromatic | | sneezing) | | | | | granu | | | | | | | les | | - [**pa | | | | | | | roxysma** | | | | | - encap | | l | | | | | sulated | | stage | | | | | | | ]{.underl | | | | | | | ine} | | | | | | | -the | | | | | | | cough | | | | | | | devel | | | | | | | ops | | | | | | | its | | | | | | | [expl | | | | | | | osive | | | | | | | chara | | | | | | | cter]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | the | | | | | | | chara | | | | | | | cteristic | | | | | | | [\"wh | | | | | | | oop\" | | | | | | | upon | | | | | | | inhal | | | | | | | ation | | | | | | | exhau | | | | | | | stion, | | | | | | | vomit | | | | | | | ing, | | | | | | | cyano | | | | | | | sis, | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | convu | | | | | | | lsions | | | | | | | tongu | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | protr | | | | | | | udes, | | | | | | | eyes | | | | | | | bulge | | | | | | | , | | | | | | | neck | | | | | | | veins | | | | | | | engor | | | | | | | ge]{.unde | | | | | | | rline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - [**co | | | | | | | nvalescen | | | | | | | t** | | | | | | | stage | | | | | | | ]{.underl | | | | | | | ine} | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 37. *Bruc | - [G(-) | **[brucel | [chronic | - [inge | | | ella | cocco | losis]{.u | and | stion | | | melit | bacilli]{ | nderline} | recurring | of | | | enensis* |.underlin | ** | fever, | conta | | | | e} | (undulant | weakness, | minated | | | | | fever, | aches, | milk | | | | - [non- | Malta | weight | and | | | | encapsula | fever) | loss,]{.u | other | | | | ted | | nderline} | dairy | | | | ]{.un | | anorexia, | produ | | | | derline} | | depressio | cts]{.und | | | | | | n | erline} | | | | - [non- | | | | | | | sporeform | | | - [cont | | | | ing]{.und | | | act | | | | erline} | | | with | | | | | | | infec | | | | - [ non | | | ted | | | | -motile]{ | | | anima | | | |.underlin | | | l | | | | e} | | | ]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 38. *Legi | - G(-) | **atypica | anorexia, | Inoculati | - boost | | onella | non-e | l | malaise, | on | immun | | pneum | nteric | pneumonia | headache, | from | e | | ophila* | rod | (Legionna | fever, | contamina | respo | | | | ire's | chills, | ted | nse | | | - Colon | disease)* | productiv | source | | | | ize | * | e | | - decon | | | cooli | | cough, | | taminatio | | | ng | | shortness | | n | | | and | | of | | of | | | water | | breath, | | ident | | | syste | | pleural | | ified | | | ms | | and | | envir | | | | | abdominal | | onmental | | | - Chlor | | pain | | sourc | | | ine | | | | es | | | toler | | | | | | | ant | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Usual | | | | | | | ly | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | immun | | | | | | | ocompromi | | | | | | | sed | | | | | | | hosts | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 39. | | **Pontiac | nonpneumo | | | | | | fever** | nic | | | | | | | epidemic, | | | | | | | influenza | | | | | | | -like | | | | | | | illness | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 40. *Neis | - G(-)c | Gonorrhea | - [2^nd | Sexual | Safe sex | | seria | occi, | n | ^ | contact | practice | | gonor | also | | most | | | | rheae* | [coff | | sexua | | | | | ee | | lly]{.und | | | | | bean | | erline} | | | | | shape | | trans | | | | | d]{.under | | mitted | | | | | line} | | infec | | | | | | | tion | | | | | - [Aero | | world | | | | | bic | | wide | | | | | ]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | - [Fema | | | | | | | les]{.und | | | | | - usual | | erline} | | | | | ly | | are | | | | | seen | | usual | | | | | in | | ly | | | | | [pair | | [asym | | | | | s | | ptomatic | | | | | with | | carri | | | | | the | | ers]{.und | | | | | adjac | | erline} | | | | | ent | | | | | | | sides | | - [yell | | | | | ]{.underl | | ow, | | | | | ine} | | purul | | | | | [flat | | ent | | | | | tened]{.u | | exuda | | | | | nderline} | | te, | | | | | | | painf | | | | | - [Has | | ul | | | | | pili] | | urina | | | | | {.underli | | tion]{.un | | | | | ne} | | derline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - May | | | | | | | [lead | | | | | | | to | | | | | | | PIDs] | | | | | | | {.underli | | | | | | | ne} | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 41. *Neis | | Meningiti | - fever | respirato | boost | | seria | | s | , | ry | immune | | menin | | | heada | droplet | response | | gitidis* | | | che | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - muscl | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | joint | | | | | | | pain | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - stiff | | | | | | | neck | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - rash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - seizu | | | | | | | re | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - photo | | | | | | | phobia | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 42. *Myco | - [No | [atypical | [fever, | Respirato | Boost | | plasma | pepti | pneumonia | pharyngit | ry | immune | | pneum | doglycan, | or | is, | droplet | response | | oniae* | have | walking | malaise, | | | | | stero | pneumonia | nonproduc | | | | | l | ]{.underl | tive | | | | | inste | ine} | cough]{.u | | | | | ad | | nderline} | | | | | ]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - [Ubiq | | | | | | | uitous | | | | | | | ]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Commo | | | | | | | n | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | [mout | | | | | | | h | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | genit | | | | | | | ourinary | | | | | | | tract | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | man | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | other | | | | | | | anima | | | | | | | ls | | | | | | | ]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - [Plas | | | | | | | tic | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | pleom | | | | | | | orphic | | | | | | | ]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - [Smal | | | | | | | lest | | | | | | | free- | | | | | | | living | | | | | | | proka | | | | | | | ryotes | | | | | | | ]{.un | | | | | | | derline} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - [Frie | | | | | | | d-egg-sha | | | | | | | ped | | | | | | | colon | | | | | | | ies | | | | | | | are | | | | | | | seen | | | | | | | on | | | | | | | agar] | | | | | | | {.underli | | | | | | | ne} | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 43. *Myco | *Ureaplas | nongonoco | dysuria, | Sexual | Safe sex | | plasma | ma | ccal | urgency, | contact | practice | | homin | urealytic | urethriti | and | | | | is* | um | s | urethral | | | | | - "*T" | | discharge | | | | | strain | | | | | | | | | cofactors | | | | | | | in | | | | | | | activatio | | | | | | | n | | | | | | | of the | | | | | | | aquired | | | | | | | immunodef | | | | | | | iciency | | | | | | | syndrome | | | | | | | (AIDS) | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 44. *Myco | - slend | tuberculo | chronic | Airborne | Vaccinati | | bacterium | er, | sis | productiv | transmiss | on | | tuber | curve | | e | ion | | | culosis* | d | | cough, | | | | | rods | | low-grade | | | | | | | fever, | | | | | - acid | | night | | | | | fast | | sweats, | | | | | | | and | | | | | - Resis | | weight | | | | | tant | | loss | | | | | to | | | | | | | acids | | | | | | | , | | | | | | | alkal | | | | | | | is, | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | dehyd | | | | | | | ration | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 45. *Myco | | Leprosy | \- | prolonged | Avoidance | | bacterium | | | tuberculo | contact | of the | | lepra | | | id | | source | | e* | | | - shallow | | | | | | | lesion, | | | | | | | nerve | | | | | | | damage, | | | | | | | anesthesi | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | | | | | | | \- | | | | | | | lepromato | | | | | | | us | | | | | | | - deep | | | | | | | nodules, | | | | | | | disfigure | | | | | | | ment | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 46. *Noca | - Aerob | Pneumonia | by | Boost | | | rdia | ic | : | inhalatio | immune | | | aster | | fever, | n | response | | | oides* | - Soil | weight | of | | | | | organ | loss, | airborne | | | | | isms | cough, | bacilli | | | | | | pleuritic | from an | | | | | - Parti | chest | environme | | | | | ally | pain, and | ntal | | | | | acid- | dyspnea. | source | | | | | fast | | | | | | | rods | Granuloma | skin | | | | | | tous | lesion is | | | | | - Grow | skin | non-commu | | | | | slowl | lesions | nicable | | | | | y | and/or | | | | | | in | central | | | | | | branc | nervous | | | | | | hing | system | | | | | | chain | abnormali | | | | | | s | ties | | | | | | resem | | | | | | | bling | | | | | | | funga | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | hypha | | | | | | | e | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Oppor | | | | | | | tunistic | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 47. *Chla | - small | Ocular | - devel | Indirect | Good | | mydia | , | infection | opment | contact | hygienic | | trach | round | -- | of | | practice, | | omatis* | to | trachoma | folli | | disinfect | | | ovoid | | cles | | ion | | | organ | | and | | | | | isms | | infla | | | | | | | med | | | | | - oblig | | conju | | | | | ate | | nctivae; | | | | | intra | | cloud | | | | | cellular | | y | | | | | bacte | | and | | | | | ria | | vascu | | | | | | | larized | | | | | - exist | | corne | | | | | as | | a | | | | | two | | | | | | | stage | | - can | | | | | s: (1) | | lead | | | | | infec | | to | | | | | tious | | blind | | | | | parti | | ness | | | | | cles | | | | | | | calle | | | | | | | d | | | | | | | eleme | | | | | | | ntary | | | | | | | bodie | | | | | | | s | | | | | | | and ( | | | | | | | 2) | | | | | | | intra | | | | | | | cytoplasm | | | | | | | ic, | | | | | | | repro | | | | | | | ductive | | | | | | | forms | | | | | | | calle | | | | | | | d | | | | | | | retic | | | | | | | ulate | | | | | | | bodie | | | | | | | s | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 48. | | Genital | -lymphade | Sexual | Safe sex | | | | infection | nopathy, | contact | practice | | | | s | buboes, | | | | | | | elephanti | | | | | | - ureth | asis | | | | | | ritis, | | | | | | | salpi | | | | | | | ngitis, | | | | | | | cervi | | | | | | | citis | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - lymph | | | | | | | ogranulom | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | vener | | | | | | | eum | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 49. *Chla | | psittacos | influenza | Inhalatio | Good | | mydia | | is | like | n | hygience, | | psitt | | | illness | from bird | sanitatio | | aci* | | | | droppings | n | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 50. *Chla | | atypical | | | | | mydia | | pneumonia | | | | | pneum | | | | | | | oniae* | | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 51. *Rick | - oblig | Rocky | high | Biologica | - wear | | ettsia | ately | Mountain | fever, | l | appro | | ricke | intra | spotted | malaise, | vector | priate | | tsii* | cellular | fever | macular | (tick) | cloth | | | G(-) | | then | | ing | | | bacte | | petechial | | | | | ria | | or | | - repel | | | | | hemorrhag | | lants | | | - zoono | | ic | | | | | ses | | rash | | - check | | | | | (extremit | | for | | | - vecto | | ies | | tick | | | rs: | | then all | | attac | | | ticks | | over the | | hment | | | , | | body), | | | | | lice, | | myocardia | | | | | fleas | | l | | | | | , | | or renal | | | | | mites | | failure | | | | | , | | | | | | | chigg | | | | | | | ers | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - rod-l | | | | | | | ike | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | cocco | | | | | | | bacilli | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 52. *Rick | | Epidemic/ | Myalgia, | Biologica | Good | | ettsia | | classical | flat | l | hygiene | | prowa | | typhus | rash, | vector | and | | zekii* | | | lack of | (head/bod | disinfect | | | | | conscious | y | ion | | | | | ness | louse) | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 53. *Rick | | Endemic/m | Myalgia, | Biologica | Good | | ettsia | | urine | joint | l | sanitatio | | typhi | | typhus | pain, | vector | n | | * | | | nausea, | (rat | practice | | | | | vomiting | flea) | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 54. *Orie | - oblig | Scrub | Eschar -- | Biologica | Good | | ntia | ately | typhus | dark, | l | sanitatio | | tsuts | intra | | scab-like | vector | n | | ugamushi* | cellular | | region at | (chigger/ | practice | | | G(-) | | the site | larval | | | | bacte | | of bite, | mites) | | | | ria | | enlarged | | | | | | | lymph | | | | | - zoono | | node, | | | | | ses | | rash | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ | 55. *Lept | - flexi | leptospir | mild | Entry | Good | | ospira | ble, | osis | febrile | through | hygiene | | inter | spira | | illness | open | and | | rogans* | l-shaped, | | that may | wound | sanitatio | | | Gram- | | result in | | n | | | negative | | liver or | | | | | spiro | | kidney | | | | | chete | | failure | | | | | with | | | | | |