Summary

This document explains the concept of power in electrical circuits, focusing on how energy is transferred and the relationship between power, current, and potential difference. It also covers the heating effect of electric current in wires.

Full Transcript

Power Power is a measure of how fast electrical energy is turned into another type of electrical energy, such as heat or light. You can make bulbs brighter by adding more batteries to a circuit. This adds more electrical energy. Energy and power in electric circuits Heating up wires As electrons...

Power Power is a measure of how fast electrical energy is turned into another type of electrical energy, such as heat or light. You can make bulbs brighter by adding more batteries to a circuit. This adds more electrical energy. Energy and power in electric circuits Heating up wires As electrons flow through wires, they collide with the ions in the wire which causes the ions to vibrate more. This increased vibration of the ions increases the temperature of the wire. Energy has been transferred from the chemical energy store of the battery into the internal energy store of the wire. The amount of energy transferred each second (power) between the energy stores can be calculated using the equation: power = current × potential difference This is when:  power (P) is measured in watts (W)  current (I) is measured in amps (A)  potential difference (V) is measured in volts (V) One watt is equal to one joule per second (J/s). Power can also be written as: power = current2 × resistance This is when:  power (P) is measured in watts (W)  current (I) is measured in amps (A)  resistance (R) is measured in ohms (Ω)

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