AWS CAT-1.pdf

AWS Academy Cloud Foundations Module 01 Student Guide Version 2.0.13 100-ACCLFO-20-EN-SG © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced or redistributed, in whole or in part, without prior written permission from Amazon W...

AWS Academy Cloud Foundations Module 01 Student Guide Version 2.0.13 100-ACCLFO-20-EN-SG © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced or redistributed, in whole or in part, without prior written permission from Amazon Web Services, Inc. Commercial copying, lending, or selling is prohibited. All trademarks are the property of their owners. AWS Training and Certification AWS Academy Cloud Foundations Contents Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview 4 © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview AWS Academy Cloud Foundations © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Welcome to Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Module overview Topics Introduction to cloud computing Advantages of cloud computing Introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS) AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) Knowledge check © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 2 This module addresses the following topics: Introduction to cloud computing Advantages of cloud computing Introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS) AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) Finally, you will be asked to complete a knowledge check that will be used to test your understanding of the key concepts that are covered in this module. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Module objectives After completing this module, you should be able to: Define different types of cloud computing models Describe six advantages of cloud computing Recognize the main AWS service categories and core services Review the AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 After completing this module, you should be able to: Define different types of cloud computing Describe six advantages of cloud computing Recognize the main AWS service categories and core services Review the AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 1: Introduction to cloud computing Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Section 1: Introduction to cloud computing © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview What is cloud computing? © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5 What does cloud computing mean to you? Take a moment to think of what cloud computing means to you and write a short sentence. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Cloud computing defined Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of compute power, database, storage, applications, and other IT resources via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6 Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of compute power, database, storage, applications, and other IT resources via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. These resources run on server computers that are located in large data centers in different locations around the world. When you use a cloud service provider like AWS, that service provider owns the computers that you are using. These resources can be used together like building blocks to build solutions that help meet business goals and satisfy technology requirements. To learn more about cloud computing and how it works, see https://aws.amazon.com/what-is- cloud-computing/. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 9 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Infrastructure as software Cloud computing enables you to stop thinking of your infrastructure as hardware, and instead think of (and use) it as software. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7 Cloud computing enables you to stop thinking of your infrastructure as hardware, and instead think of (and use) it as software. But what does this mean? © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 10 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Traditional computing model Infrastructure as hardware Hardware solutions: Require space, staff, physical security, planning, capital expenditure Have a long hardware procurement cycle Require you to provision capacity by guessing theoretical maximum peaks © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8 In the traditional computing model, infrastructure is thought of as hardware. Hardware solutions are physical, which means they require space, staff, physical security, planning, and capital expenditure. In addition to significant upfront investment, another prohibitive aspect of traditional computing is the long hardware procurement cycle that involves acquiring, provisioning, and maintaining on- premises infrastructure. With a hardware solution, you must ask if there is enough resource capacity or sufficient storage to meet your needs, and you provision capacity by guessing theoretical maximum peaks. If you don’t meet your projected maximum peak, then you pay for expensive resources that stay idle. If you exceed your projected maximum peak, then you don’t have sufficient capacity to meet your needs. And if your needs change, then you must spend the time, effort, and money required to implement a new solution. For example, if you wanted to provision a new website, you would need to buy the hardware, rack and stack it, put it in a data center, and then manage it or have someone else manage it. This approach is expensive and time-consuming. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 11 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Cloud computing model Infrastructure as software Software solutions: Are flexible Can change more quickly, easily, and cost-effectively than hardware solutions Eliminate the undifferentiated heavy-lifting tasks © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 9 By contrast, cloud computing enables you to think of your infrastructure as software. Software solutions are flexible. You can select the cloud services that best match your needs, provision and terminate those resources on-demand, and pay for what you use. You can elastically scale resources up and down in an automated fashion. With the cloud computing model, you can treat resources as temporary and disposable. The flexibility that cloud computing offers enables businesses to implement new solutions quickly and with low upfront costs. Compared to hardware solutions, software solutions can change much more quickly, easily, and cost-effectively. Cloud computing helps developers and IT departments avoid undifferentiated work like procurement, maintenance, and capacity planning, thus enabling them to focus on what matters most. As cloud computing has grown in popularity, several different service models and deployment strategies have emerged to help meet the specific needs of different users. Each type of cloud service model and deployment strategy provides you with a different level of control, flexibility, and management. Understanding the differences between these cloud service models and deployment strategies can help you decide what set of services is right for your needs. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 12 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Cloud service models IaaS PaaS SaaS (infrastructure as (platform as a (software as a a service) service) service) More control Less control over IT resources over IT resources © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 10 There are three main cloud service models. Each model represents a different part of the cloud computing stack and gives you a different level of control over your IT resources: Infrastructure as a service (IaaS): Services in this category are the basic building blocks for cloud IT and typically provide you with access to networking features, computers (virtual or on dedicated hardware), and data storage space. IaaS provides you with the highest level of flexibility and management control over your IT resources. It is the most similar to existing IT resources that many IT departments and developers are familiar with today. Platform as a service (PaaS): Services in this category reduce the need for you to manage the underlying infrastructure (usually hardware and operating systems) and enable you to focus on the deployment and management of your applications. Software as a service (SaaS): Services in this category provide you with a completed product that the service provider runs and manages. In most cases, software as a service refers to end- user applications. With a SaaS offering, you do not have to think about how the service is maintained or how the underlying infrastructure is managed. You need to think only about how you plan to use that particular piece of software. A common example of a SaaS application is web-based email, where you can send and receive email without managing feature additions to the email product or maintaining the servers and operating systems that the email program runs on. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 13 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Cloud computing deployment models Cloud Hybrid On-premises (private cloud) © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 11 There are three main cloud computing deployment models, which represent the cloud environments that your applications can be deployed in: Cloud: A cloud-based application is fully deployed in the cloud, and all parts of the application run in the cloud. Applications in the cloud have either been created in the cloud or have been migrated from an existing infrastructure to take advantage of the benefits of cloud computing (see https://aws.amazon.com/what-is-cloud-computing/). Cloud-based applications can be built on low-level infrastructure pieces or they can use higher-level services that provide abstraction from the management, architecting, and scaling requirements of core infrastructure. Hybrid: A hybrid deployment is a way to connect infrastructure and applications between cloud-based resources and existing resources that are not located in the cloud. The most common method of hybrid deployment is between the cloud and existing on-premises infrastructure. This model enables an organization to extend and grow their infrastructure into the cloud while connecting cloud resources to internal systems. On-premises: Deploying resources on-premises, using virtualization and resource management tools, is sometimes called private cloud. While on-premises deployment does not provide many of the benefits of cloud computing, it is sometimes sought for its ability to provide dedicated resources. In most cases, this deployment model is the same as legacy IT infrastructure, but it might also use application management and virtualization technologies to increase resource utilization. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 14 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Similarities between AWS and traditional IT Traditional, on-premises IT space AWS Security Security groups Firewalls ACLs Administrators Network ACLs IAM Networking Router Network pipeline Switch Elastic Load Balancing Amazon VPC On- Compute premises Amazon EC2 AMI servers instances Storage and DAS SAN NAS RDBMS database Amazon Amazon Amazon Amazon EBS EFS S3 RDS © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 12 There are many similarities between AWS and the traditional, on-premises IT space: AWS security groups, network access control lists (network ACLs), and AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) are similar to firewalls, access control lists (ACLs), and administrators. Elastic Load Balancing and Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) are similar to routers, network pipelines, and switches. Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) and Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances are similar to on-premises servers. Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS), Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS), Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), and Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) are similar to direct attached storage (DAS), storage area networks (SAN), network attached storage (NAS), and a relational database management service (RDBMS). With AWS services and features, you can do almost everything that you would want to do with a traditional data center. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 15 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 1 key Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources via the internet with pay-as-you-go takeaways pricing. Cloud computing enables you to think of (and use) your infrastructure as software. There are three cloud service models: IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. There are three cloud deployment models: cloud, hybrid, and on-premises or private cloud. Almost anything you can implement with traditional IT can also be implemented as an AWS cloud computing service. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 13 Some key takeaways from this section of the module include: Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. Cloud computing enables you to think of (and use) your infrastructure as software. There are three cloud service models: IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. There are three cloud deployment models: cloud, hybrid, and on-premises or private cloud. There are many AWS service analogs for the traditional, on-premises IT space. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 16 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 2: Advantages of cloud computing Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Section 2: Advantages of cloud computing Why are so many companies interested in moving to the cloud? This section presents six advantages of cloud computing. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 17 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Trade capital expense for variable expense Capital Data center investment Pay only for the amount based on forecast you consume © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 15 Advantage #1—Trade capital expense for variable expense: Capital expenses (capex) are funds that a company uses to acquire, upgrade, and maintain physical assets such as property, industrial buildings, or equipment. Do you remember the data center example in the traditional computing model where you needed to rack and stack the hardware, and then manage it all? You must pay for everything in the data center whether you use it or not. By contrast, a variable expense is an expense that the person who bears the cost can easily alter or avoid. Instead of investing heavily in data centers and servers before you know how you will use them, you can pay only when you consume resources and pay only for the amount you consume. Thus, you save money on technology. It also enables you to adapt to new applications with as much space as you need in minutes, instead of weeks or days. Maintenance is reduced, so you can spend focus more on the core goals of your business. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 18 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Massive economies of scale Because of aggregate usage from all customers, AWS can achieve higher economies of scale and pass savings on to customers. AWS Cloud Economies of scale Savings © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 16 Advantage #2—Benefit from massive economies of scale: By using cloud computing, you can achieve a lower variable cost than you can get on your own. Because usage from hundreds of thousands of customers is aggregated in the cloud, providers such as AWS can achieve higher economies of scale, which translates into lower pay-as-you-go prices. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 19 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Stop guessing capacity Overestimated Underestimated Scaling on server capacity server capacity demand © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 17 Advantage #3—Stop guessing capacity: Eliminate guessing about your infrastructure capacity needs. When you make a capacity decision before you deploy an application, you often either have expensive idle resources or deal with limited capacity. With cloud computing, these problems go away. You can access as much or as little as you need, and scale up and down as required with only a few minutes’ notice. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 20 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Increase speed and agility Launch Weeks between wanting Minutes between wanting resources and having resources resources and having resources © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 18 Advantage #4—Increase speed and agility: In a cloud computing environment, new IT resources are only a click away, which means that you reduce the time it takes to make those resources available to your developers from weeks to just minutes. The result is a dramatic increase in agility for the organization because the cost and time that it takes to experiment and develop are significantly lower. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 21 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Stop spending money on running and maintaining data centers Investment Running data centers Business and customers © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 19 Advantage #5—Stop spending money on running and maintaining data centers: Focus on projects that differentiate your business instead of focusing on the infrastructure. Cloud computing enables you to focus on your own customers instead of the heavy lifting of racking, stacking, and powering servers. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 22 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Go global in minutes © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 20 Advantage #6—Go global in minutes: You can deploy your application in multiple AWS Regions around the world with just a few clicks. As a result, you can provide a lower latency and better experience for your customers simply and at minimal cost. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 23 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 2 key Trade capital expense for variable expense takeaways Benefit from massive economies of scale Stop guessing capacity Increase speed and agility Stop spending money on running and maintaining data centers Go global in minutes © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 21 The key takeaways from this section of the module include the six advantages of cloud computing: Trade capital expense for variable expense Massive economies of scale Stop guessing capacity Increase speed and agility Stop spending money on running and maintaining data centers Go global in minutes © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 24 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 3: Introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS) Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Section 3: Introduction to Amazon Web Services (AWS) © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 25 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview What are web services? A web service is any piece of software that makes itself available over the internet and uses a standardized format—such as Extensible Markup Language (XML) or JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)—for the request and the response of an application programming interface (API) interaction. Request message Internet Response message Client Web service © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 23 In general, a web service is any piece of software that makes itself available over the internet or on private (intranet) networks. A web service uses a standardized format—such as Extensible Markup Language (XML) or JavaScript Object Notation (JSON)—for the request and the response of an application programming interface (API) interaction. It is not tied to any one operating system or programming language. It’s self-describing via an interface definition file and it is discoverable. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 26 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview What is AWS? AWS is a secure cloud platform that offers a broad set of global cloud-based products. AWS provides you with on-demand access to compute, storage, network, database, and other IT resources and management tools. AWS offers flexibility. You pay only for the individual services you need, for as long as you use them. AWS services work together like building blocks. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 24 Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a secure cloud platform that offers a broad set of global cloud- based products. Because these products are delivered over the internet, you have on-demand access to the compute, storage, network, database, and other IT resources that you might need for your projects—and the tools to manage them. You can immediately provision and launch AWS resources. The resources are ready for you to use in minutes. AWS offers flexibility. Your AWS environment can be reconfigured and updated on demand, scaled up or down automatically to meet usage patterns and optimize spending, or shut down temporarily or permanently. The billing for AWS services becomes an operational expense instead of a capital expense. AWS services are designed to work together to support virtually any type of application or workload. Think of these services like building blocks, which you can assemble quickly to build sophisticated, scalable solutions, and then adjust them as your needs change. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 27 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Categories of AWS services Analytics Application AR and VR Blockchain Business Compute Integration Applications Cost Customer Database Developer Tools End User Game Tech Management Engagement Computing Internet Machine Management and Media Services Migration and Mobile of Things Learning Governance Transfer Networking and Robotics Satellite Security, Identity, and Storage Content Delivery Compliance © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 25 AWS services fall under different categories, and each category contains one or more services. You can select the services that you want from these different categories to build your solutions. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 28 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Simple solution example Networking Compute Database Storage AWS Cloud Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) Amazon DynamoDB Users Amazon S3 Amazon EC2 © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 26 For example, say you’re building a database application. Your customers might be sending data to your Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances, which is a service in the compute category. These EC2 servers batch the data in one-minute increments and add an object per customer to Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), the AWS storage service you’ve chosen to use. You can then use a nonrelational database like Amazon DynamoDB to power your application, for example, to build an index so that you can find all the objects for a given customer that were collected over a certain period. You might decide to run these services inside an Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC), which is a service in the networking category. The purpose of this simple example is to illustrate that you can select web services from different categories and use them together to build a solution (in this case, a database application). Of course, the solutions you build can be quite complex. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 29 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Choosing a service The service you select depends on your business goals and technology requirements. Amazon VMware Cloud EC2 AWS on AWS Lambda Amazon ECS ? AWS Elastic Beanstalk Amazon EKS Amazon AWS Fargate AWS Outposts Lightsail AWS Batch © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 27 Which service you choose to use will depend on your business goals and technology requirements. In the example you just looked at, the solution made use of Amazon EC2 as the compute service. However, that is only one of many compute services that AWS offers. Here are some other AWS compute offerings that you might choose to use for the following example use cases: Amazon EC2 (https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/): You want complete control over your AWS computing resources. AWS Lambda (https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/): You want to run your code and not manage or provision servers. AWS Elastic Beanstalk (https://aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/): You want a service that deploys, manages, and scales your web applications for you. Amazon Lightsail (https://aws.amazon.com/lightsail/): You need a lightweight cloud platform for a simple web application. AWS Batch (https://aws.amazon.com/batch/): You need to run hundreds of thousands of batch workloads. AWS Outposts (https://aws.amazon.com/outposts/): You want to run AWS infrastructure in your on-premises data center. Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) (https://aws.amazon.com/ecs/) Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) (https://aws.amazon.com/eks/) AWS Fargate (https://aws.amazon.com/fargate/): You want to implement a containers or microservices architecture. VMware Cloud on AWS (https://aws.amazon.com/vmware/): You have an on-premises server virtualization platform that you want to migrate to AWS. Similarly, there are a variety of services for you to choose from in the other categories, and the number of offerings keeps growing. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 30 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Services covered in this course Compute services – Storage services – Management and Amazon EC2 Amazon S3 Governance services – AWS Lambda Amazon S3 Glacier AWS Trusted Advisor AWS Elastic Beanstalk Amazon EFS AWS CloudWatch Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling Amazon EBS AWS CloudTrail Amazon ECS AWS Well-Architected Tool Amazon EKS Database services – AWS Auto Scaling Amazon ECR Amazon RDS AWS Command Line Interface AWS Fargate Amazon DynamoDB AWS Config Amazon Redshift AWS Management Console Amazon Aurora AWS Organizations Security, Identity, and Compliance services – Networking and Content AWS Cost Management AWS IAM Delivery services – services – Amazon Cognito Amazon VPC AWS Cost & Usage AWS Shield Amazon Route 53 Report AWS Artifact Amazon CloudFront AWS Budgets AWS KMS Elastic Load Balancing AWS Cost Explorer © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 28 The array of AWS services can be intimidating as you start your journey into the cloud. This course focuses on some of the more common services in the following service categories: compute, storage, database, networking and content delivery, security, identity, and compliance, management and governance, and AWS cost management. Legend: Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 31 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Three ways to interact with AWS AWS Management Console Easy-to-use graphical interface Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) Access to services by discrete commands or scripts Software Development Kits (SDKs) Access services directly from your code (such as Java, Python, and others) © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 29 You might wonder how to access the broad array of services that are offered by AWS. There are three ways to create and manage resources on the AWS Cloud: AWS Management Console: The console provides a rich graphical interface to a majority of the features offered by AWS. (Note: From time to time, new features might not have all of their capabilities included in the console when the feature initially launches.) AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI): The AWS CLI provides a suite of utilities that can be launched from a command script in Linux, macOS, or Microsoft Windows. Software development kits (SDKs): AWS provides packages that enable accessing AWS in a variety of popular programming languages. This makes it easy to use AWS in your existing applications and it also enables you to create applications that deploy and monitor complex systems entirely through code. All three options are built on a common REST-like API that serves as the foundation of AWS. To learn more about tools you can use to develop and manage applications on AWS, see https://aws.amazon.com/tools/. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 32 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 3 key AWS is a secure cloud platform that offers a broad set of global cloud-based products called takeaways services that are designed to work together. There are many categories of AWS services, and each category has many services to choose from. Choose a service based on your business goals and technology requirements. There are three ways to interact with AWS services. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 30 The key takeaways from this section of the module include: AWS is a secure cloud platform that offers a broad set of global cloud-based products called services that are designed to work together. There are many categories of AWS services, and each category has many services to choose from. Choose a service based on your business goals and technology requirements. There are three ways to interact with AWS services. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 33 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 4: Moving to the AWS Cloud – The AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Section 4: Moving to the AWS Cloud – The AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) As you learned so far in this module, cloud computing offers many advantages over the traditional model. However, for most organizations, cloud adoption does not happen instantly. Technology is one thing, but an organization also consists of people and processes, and these three elements must all be in alignment for successful cloud adoption. Cloud computing introduces a significant shift in how technology is obtained, used, and managed. It also shifts how organizations budget and pay for technology services. Cloud adoption requires that fundamental changes are discussed and considered across an entire organization. It also requires that stakeholders across all organizational units—both within and outside IT—support these new changes. In this last section, you learn about the AWS CAF, which was created to help organizations design and travel an accelerated path to successful cloud adoption. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 34 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) AWS CAF provides guidance and best practices to help organizations build a comprehensive approach to cloud computing across the organization and throughout the IT lifecycle to accelerate successful cloud adoption. AWS CAF perspectives AWS CAF is organized into six perspectives. Perspectives consist of sets of capabilities. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 32 Each organization’s cloud adoption journey is unique. However, in order for any organization to successfully migrate its IT portfolio to the cloud, three elements (that is, people, process, and technology) must be in alignment. Business and technology leaders in an organization must understand the organization’s current state, target state, and the transition that is needed to achieve the target state so they can set goals and create processes for staff. The AWS Cloud Adoption Framework (AWS CAF) provides guidance and best practices to help organizations identify gaps in skills and processes. It also helps organizations build a comprehensive approach to cloud computing—both across the organization and throughout the IT lifecycle—to accelerate successful cloud adoption. At the highest level, the AWS CAF organizes guidance into six areas of focus, called perspectives. Perspectives span people, processes, and technology. Each perspective consists of a set of capabilities, which covers distinct responsibilities that are owned or managed by functionally related stakeholders. Capabilities within each perspective are used to identify which areas of an organization require attention. By identifying gaps, prescriptive work streams can be created that support a successful cloud journey. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 35 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Six core perspectives Focus on business Focus on technical capabilities capabilities © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 33 In general, the Business, People, and Governance perspectives focus on business capabilities, while the Platform, Security, and Operations perspectives focus on technical capabilities. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 36 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Business perspective We must ensure that IT is aligned with business needs, and that IT investments can be traced to demonstrable business results. IT finance IT strategy Benefits realization Business risk management Business managers, finance Business perspective capabilities managers, budget owners, and strategy stakeholders © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 34 Stakeholders from the Business perspective (for example, business managers, finance managers, budget owners, and strategy stakeholders) can use the AWS CAF to create a strong business case for cloud adoption and prioritize cloud adoption initiatives. Stakeholders should ensure that an organization’s business strategies and goals align with its IT strategies and goals. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 37 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview People perspective We must prioritize training, staffing, and organizational changes to build an agile Resource management organization. Incentive management Career management Training management Organizational change management Human resources, staffing, and people managers People perspective capabilities © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 35 Stakeholders from the People perspective (for example, human resources, staffing, and people managers) can use the AWS CAF to evaluate organizational structures and roles, new skill and process requirements, and identify gaps. Performing an analysis of needs and gaps can help prioritize training, staffing, and organizational changes to build an agile organization. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 38 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Governance perspective We must ensure that skills and processes align IT strategy and goals with business strategy and goals Portfolio management so the organization can maximize the business value of its IT investment and minimize business risks. Program and project management Business performance measurement License management Governance perspective capabilities CIO, program managers, enterprise architects, business analysts, and portfolio managers © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 36 Stakeholders from the Governance perspective (for example, the Chief Information Officer or CIO, program managers, enterprise architects, business analysts, and portfolio managers) can use the AWS CAF to focus on the skills and processes that are needed to align IT strategy and goals with business strategy and goals. This focus helps the organization maximize the business value of its IT investment and minimize the business risks. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 39 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Platform perspective We must understand and communicate the nature of IT systems and their relationships. Compute provisioning We must be able to describe the architecture of the target state environment in detail. Network provisioning Storage provisioning Database provisioning Systems and solution architecture CTO, IT managers, and Application development solutions architects Platform perspective capabilities © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 37 Stakeholders from the Platform perspective (for example, Chief Technology Officer or CTO, IT managers, and solutions architects) use a variety of architectural dimensions and models to understand and communicate the nature of IT systems and their relationships. They must be able to describe the architecture of the target state environment in detail. The AWS CAF includes principles and patterns for implementing new solutions on the cloud, and for migrating on- premises workloads to the cloud. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 40 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Security perspective We must ensure that the organization meets its security objectives. Identity and access management Detective control Infrastructure security Data protection CISO, IT security managers, Incident response and IT security analysts Security perspective capabilities © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 38 Stakeholders from the Security perspective (for example, Chief Information Security Officer or CISO, IT security managers, and IT security analysts) must ensure that the organization meets security objectives for visibility, auditability, control, and agility. Security perspective stakeholders can use the AWS CAF to structure the selection and implementation of security controls that meet the organization’s needs. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 41 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Operations perspective We align with and support the operations of Service monitoring the business, and define how day-to-day, quarter-to-quarter, and year-to-year business Application performance monitoring will be conducted. Resource inventory management Release management/ change management Reporting and analytics Business continuity/ Disaster recovery IT operations managers and IT service catalog IT support managers Operations perspective capabilities © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 39 Stakeholders from the Operations perspective (for example, IT operations managers and IT support managers) define how day-to-day, quarter-to-quarter, and year-to-year business is conducted. Stakeholders from the Operations perspective align with and support the operations of the business. The AWS CAF helps these stakeholders define current operating procedures. It also helps them identify the process changes and training that are needed to implement successful cloud adoption. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 42 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Section 4 key Cloud adoption is not instantaneous for most organizations and requires a thoughtful, takeaways deliberate strategy and alignment across the whole organization. The AWS CAF was created to help organizations develop efficient and effective plans for their cloud adoption journey. The AWS CAF organizes guidance into six areas of focus, called perspectives. Perspectives consist of sets of business or technology capabilities that are the responsibility of key stakeholders. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 40 The key takeaways from this section of the module include: Cloud adoption is not instantaneous for most organizations and requires a thoughtful, deliberate strategy and alignment across the whole organization. The AWS CAF was created to help organizations develop efficient and effective plans for their cloud adoption journey. The AWS CAF organizes guidance into six areas of focus, called perspectives. Perspectives consist of sets of business or technology capabilities that are the responsibility of key stakeholders. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 43 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Module wrap-up Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. It’s now time to review the module, and wrap up with a knowledge check and discussion of a practice certification exam question. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 44 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Module summary In summary, in this module you learned how to: Define different types of cloud computing models Describe six advantages of cloud computing Recognize the main AWS service categories and core services Review the AWS Cloud Adoption Framework © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 42 In summary, in this module you learned how to: Define different types of cloud computing Describe six advantages of cloud computing Recognize the main AWS service categories and core services Reviewed the AWS Cloud Adoption Framework To finish this module, complete the knowledge check. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 45 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Complete the knowledge check © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 43 Now, complete the knowledge check. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 46 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Sample exam question Why is AWS more economical than traditional data centers for applications with varying compute workloads? Choice Response A Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) costs are billed on a monthly basis. B Customers retain full administrative access to their Amazon EC2 instances. C Amazon EC2 instances can be launched on-demand when needed. D Customers can permanently run enough instances to handle peak workloads. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 44 Look at the answer choices and rule them out based on the keywords. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 47 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Sample exam question answer Why is AWS more economical than traditional data centers for applications with varying compute workloads? The correct answer is C. The keywords in the question are AWS is more economical than traditional data centers for applications with varying. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 45 The following are the keywords to recognize: AWS is more economical than traditional data centers for applications with varying. The correct answer is C. Amazon EC2 instances can be launched on-demand when needed. Incorrect answers: Answer A: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) costs are billed on a monthly basis. Answer B: Customers retain full administrative access to their Amazon EC2 instances. Answer D: Customers can permanently run enough instances to handle peak workloads. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 48 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Additional resources What is AWS? YouTube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZ5H8sn_2ZI&feature=youtu.be Cloud computing with AWS website: https://aws.amazon.com/what-is-aws/ Overview of Amazon Web Services whitepaper: https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws-overview.pdf An Overview of the AWS Cloud Adoption Framework whitepaper: https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws_cloud_adoption_framework.pdf 6 Strategies for Migrating Applications to the Cloud AWS Cloud Enterprise Strategy blog post: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/enterprise-strategy/6- strategies-for-migrating-applications-to-the-cloud/ © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 46 If you want to learn more about the topics covered in this module, you might find the following additional resources helpful: What is AWS? YouTube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZ5H8sn_2ZI&feature=youtu.be Cloud computing with AWS website: https://aws.amazon.com/what-is-aws/ Overview of Web Services whitepaper: https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws- overview.pdf An Overview of the AWS Cloud Adoption Framework whitepaper: https://d1.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws_cloud_adoption_framework.pdf 6 Strategies for Migrating Applications to the Cloud AWS Cloud Enterprise Strategy blog post: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/enterprise-strategy/6-strategies-for-migrating-applications-to- the-cloud/ © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 49 AWS Training and Certification Module 1: Cloud Concepts Overview Thank you All trademarks are the property of their owners. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 47 Thank you for completing this module. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 50 AWS Academy Cloud Foundations Module 02 Student Guide Version 2.0.13 100-ACCLFO-20-EN-SG © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced or redistributed, in whole or in part, without prior written permission from Amazon Web Services, Inc. Commercial copying, lending, or selling is prohibited. All trademarks are the property of their owners. AWS Training and Certification AWS Academy Cloud Foundations Contents Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing 4 © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing AWS Academy Cloud Foundations © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Welcome Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing Module overview Topics Activities Fundamentals of pricing AWS Pricing Calculator Total Cost of Ownership Support plans scavenger hunt AWS Organizations AWS Billing and Cost Management Technical Support Demo Overview of the Billing Dashboard Knowledge check © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 2 This module will address the following topics: Fundamentals of Pricing Total Cost of Ownership AWS Organizations AWS Billing and Cost Management Technical Support The module also includes an instructor-led demonstration that will show you how to interact with the billing dashboard. The module also includes an activity that challenges you to estimate the costs for a company by using the AWS Pricing Calculator. Finally, you will be asked to complete a knowledge check that will be used to test your understanding of the key concepts that are covered in this module. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing Module objectives After completing this module, you should be able to: Explain the AWS pricing philosophy Recognize fundamental pricing characteristics Indicate the elements of total cost of ownership Discuss the results of the AWS Pricing Calculator Identify how to set up an organizational structure that simplifies billing and account visibility to review cost data. Identify the functionality in the AWS Billing Dashboard Describe how to use AWS Bills, AWS Cost Explorer, AWS Budgets, and AWS Cost and Usage Reports Identify the various AWS technical support plans and features © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 After completing this module, you should be able to: Explain the AWS pricing philosophy Recognize fundamental pricing characteristics Indicate the elements of total cost of ownership Discuss the results of the AWS Pricing Calculator Identify how to set up an organizational structure that simplifies billing and account visibility to review cost data. Identify the functionality in the AWS Billing Dashboard Describe how to use AWS Bills, AWS Cost Explorer, AWS Budgets, and AWS Cost and Usage Reports Identify the various AWS technical support plans and features © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing Section 1: Fundamentals of pricing Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Introducing Section 1: Fundamentals of pricing. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing AWS pricing model Three fundamental drivers of cost with AWS Compute Storage Data transfer Charged per hour/second* Charged typically per GB Outbound is aggregated and charged Varies by instance type Inbound has no charge (with some exceptions) *Linux only Charged typically per GB © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5 There are three fundamental drivers of cost with AWS: compute, storage, and outbound data transfer. These characteristics vary somewhat, depending on the AWS product and pricing model you choose. In most cases, there is no charge for inbound data transfer or for data transfer between other AWS services within the same AWS Region. There are some exceptions, so be sure to verify data transfer rates before you begin to use the AWS service. Outbound data transfer is aggregated across services and then charged at the outbound data transfer rate. This charge appears on the monthly statement as AWS Data Transfer Out. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing How do you pay for AWS? © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6 This philosophy is what underlies AWS pricing. While the number and types of services offered by AWS have increased dramatically, our philosophy on pricing has not changed. At the end of each month, you pay for what you use. You can start or stop using a product at any time. No long-term contracts are required. AWS offers a range of cloud computing services. For each service, you pay for exactly the amount of resources that you actually need. This utility-style pricing model includes: Pay for what you use Pay less when you reserve Pay less when you use more Pay even less as AWS grows You will now take a closer look at these core concepts of pricing. To learn more about AWS pricing, see the AWS pricing overview at https://d0.awsstatic.com/whitepapers/aws_pricing_overview.pdf. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 9 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing Pay for what you use Pay only for the services that you consume, with no large upfront expenses. On premises AWS © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7 Unless you build data centers for a living, you might have spent too much time and money building them. With AWS, you pay only for the services that you consume with no large upfront expenses. You can lower variable costs, so you no longer need to dedicate valuable resources to building costly infrastructure, including purchasing servers, software licenses, or leasing facilities. Quickly adapt to changing business needs and redirect your focus on innovation and invention by paying only for what you use and for as long as you need it. All AWS services are available on demand, require no long-term contracts, and have no complex licensing dependencies. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 10 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing Pay less when you reserve Invest in Reserved Instances (RIs): Save up to 75 percent Options: EC2 All Upfront Reserved instance Instance (AURI) → largest discount Partial Upfront Reserved Instance NURI PURI AURI (PURI) → lower discounts No Upfront Payments Reserved Instance (NURI) → smaller discount © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8 For certain services like Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) and Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS), you can invest in reserved capacity. With Reserved Instances, you can save up to 75 percent over equivalent on-demand capacity. Reserved Instances are available in three options: All Upfront Reserved Instance (or AURI) Partial Upfront Reserved Instance (or PURI) No Upfront Payments Reserved Instance (or NURI) When you buy Reserved Instances, you receive a greater discount when you make a larger upfront payment. To maximize your savings, you can pay all upfront and receive the largest discount. Partial Upfront RIs offer lower discounts, but they give you the option to spend less upfront. Lastly, you can choose to spend nothing upfront and receive a smaller discount, which enables you to free capital to spend on other projects. By using reserved capacity, your organization can minimize risks, more predictably manage budgets, and comply with policies that require longer-term commitments. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 11 AWS Training and Certification Module 2: Cloud Economics and Billing Pay less by using more Realize volume-based discounts: Savings as usage increases. Tiered pricing for services like Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS), or Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) → the more you use, the